Izincwadi ezingama-24 ezinethonya elikhulu empilweni kaGabriel García Márquez

Empilweni, yonke into iyasithonya, kusukela ezinhlelweni zikamabonakude noma ochungechungeni esilubukayo, ngeseluleko nangamazwi omndeni noma abangane bethu kuya ezincwadini esizifundayo. Yebo, uGabriel García Márquez wayengekho kulokhu, naye wayenethonya lakhe, futhi siyazi yiziphi izincwadi ezingama-24 ezinethonya elikhulu empilweni yalo mbhali omkhulu.

Uma ufuna ukuzazi, uma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi phakathi kwalezi zincwadi incwadi oyithandayo noma ileyo ekumake kakhulu, hlala ufunde indatshana yethu. Sinezihloko kanye nezichasiselo ezincane okungezakho UGabriel García Márquez ezenziwe ngabo ngesikhathi efunda.

"Intaba Yomlingo" nguThomas Mann

Le noveli kaThomas Mann yaqala ukubhalwa emuva ngonyaka we-1912 kepha ayizange ishicilelwe kwaze kwaba ngo-1924. Le noveli yefilosofi neyokufunda ilandisa okwenzeka ku-Hans Castorp osemusha esibhedlela esasibhekise ingqondo, asingena kwasekuqaleni nje eyisivakashi.

Izichasiso ezenziwe nguGabo kule ncwadi zimi kanje:

“Impumelelo yokuduma kukaThomas Mann waseThe Magic Mountain idinga ukuthi ukungenelela komphathi kusigcine singalali ubusuku bonke, silinde uHans Castorp noClawdia Chauchat ukuthi baqabulane. Noma ukungezwani okungajwayelekile kithina sonke, sihleli embhedeni ukuze singaphuthelwa yizwi lama-duels wefilosofi angahlelekile phakathi kukaNafta nomngane wakhe uSettembrini. Ubusuku bokufunda buhlale isikhathi esingaphezu kwehora futhi kubungazwa ekamelweni lokushayelwa ihlombe ”.

"Indoda eseMaskini Wensimbi" ngu-Alexandre Dumas

I-classic enhle eyenziwe nge-movie futhi okusobala ukuthi yayihlobene kakhulu nempilo kaGG Márquez.

"Ulysses" kaJames Joyce

UMárquez uphinde wakhuluma ngalo msebenzi omkhulu obaluleke kakhulu wezincwadi zomhlaba wonke. "Ulises" Kubhekwa njengobuciko obucashunwa njalo obukhonjwayo futhi obuthandwayo njengencwadi yokubhekisela yabo bonke ababhali. Yashicilelwa okokuqala eParis ngo-1922.

Kuso sithole izichasiselo ezilandelayo ngumbhali waseColombia:

“Ngelinye ilanga uJorge Álvaro Espinosa, umfundi wezomthetho owayengifundise ukusebenzisa iBhayibheli futhi wangenza ngafunda ngekhanda amagama agcwele abangane bakaJobe, wabeka itomu elihle phambi kwami ​​wamemezela ngegunya lombhishobhi :

Leli elinye iBhayibheli.

Yiqiniso, kwakunguJames Joyce, u-Ulysses, engangifunda ngezicucu nangamalimi ngaze ngaphelelwa yisineke. Kwakuyisihlathi ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, njengomuntu omdala othobekile, ngazibekela umsebenzi wokuyifunda futhi ngendlela engathi sína, futhi kwakungekhona nje ukutholakala komhlaba wangempela engingakaze ngikusole ngokwami, kodwa futhi kwanginikeza usizo lobuchwepheshe olubaluleke kakhulu kimi , ngikhipha ulimi nokuphatha isikhathi nezakhiwo ezincwadini zami ”.

"Umsindo nokufutheka" nguWilliam Faulkner

Kule ncwadi, uGabo uthe okulandelayo:

"Ngabona ukuthi ukuzidela kwami ​​ekufundeni i-" Ulysses "ngineminyaka engamashumi amabili, futhi kamuva" Umsindo nokufutheka ", bekungukuqina ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngaphandle kwekusasa, futhi nginqume ukuwafunda futhi nginehlo elincane. Ngempela, okuningi okwakubonakala kungukuhamba ngezinyawo noma i-hermetic, uJoyce noFaulkner, kwembulwa kimi ngaleso sikhathi ngobuhle obusabekayo. "

 "Oedipus the King" kaSophocles

Asilwazi usuku lwale ncwadi kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi yabhalwa nguSophocles eminyakeni eyalandela ngo-430 BC.Kungumsebenzi wemilingo owaziwa njengenhlekelele yamaGrikhi. Ngubani ongakaze ezwe nge-Oedipus?

Kusukela kulo msebenzi omuhle kangaka, uGarcía Márquez uyaphawula:

“(Umbhali) uGustavo Ibarra Merlano ungilethele ubulukhuni obuhlelekile obathi imibono yami ehlakazekile nethuthukisiwe, kanye nobuqili benhliziyo yami, babudinga ngempela. Futhi konke lokhu ngobumnene obukhulu nohlamvu lwensimbi.

[...]

Ukufundwa kwakhe kwakukude futhi kuhlukahlukene, kepha kwaqiniswa ulwazi olujulile lwezihlakaniphi zamaKatolika zangaleso sikhathi, ayengakaze ezwe bekhuluma. Wayekwazi konke okumele azi ngezinkondlo, ikakhulukazi izifundo zakudala zamaGreki nezesiLatin, azifunda ezinhlotsheni zazo zokuqala… Ngakuthola kumangalisa ukuthi ngaphezu kokuba nezimfanelo eziningi kwezobuhlakani nezomphakathi, wabhukuda njengompetha wama-Olympic futhi umzimba oqeqeshiwe. Okwakumkhathaza kakhulu ngami kwakuwukungayinaki kwami ​​eyingozi imibhalo yakudala yamaGreki neyesiLatini, engayithola iyisicefe futhi ingenamsebenzi, ngaphandle kwe-Odyssey, eyayivele iyifundile yayiphinda futhi ukuyifunda iziqephu izikhathi eziningana esikoleni esiphakeme. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuthi avalelise, wakhetha incwadi eboshwe ngesikhumba emtatsheni wezincwadi futhi wanginika yona ngesizotha esithile, wathi: Ungaba ngumbhali okahle, kepha awusoze waba muhle kakhulu uma ungenayo ulwazi oluhle lwakudala bamaGrikhi. " Le ncwadi kwakuwumsebenzi ophelele kaSophocles. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi uGustavo waba ngomunye wabantu abenza isinqumo empilweni yami… ”.

"Indlu Yophahla Oluyisikhombisa" nguNathaniel Hawthorne

"UGustavo Ibarra wangiboleka incwadi ethi" The House of the Seven Gables "evela kuNathaniel Hawthorne, eyangimaka impilo yami yonke. Sobabili sizame umbono wokufa kwesifiso ekuzuleni kuka-Ulysses, lapho alahleka khona futhi asikaze siyithole indlela yethu. Emva kwengxenye yekhulu leminyaka ngathola ukuthi ixazululwa ngombhalo omuhle kaMilan Kundera ”.

 "Umlando Wenkulungwane Nobusuku Obunye"

Okusho lokhu okulandelayo:

“Ngaze ngaba nesibindi sokucabanga ukuthi izimangaliso ezashiwo uSherazade zenzeka ngempela empilweni yansuku zonke yesikhathi sakhe, futhi ngayeka ukwenzeka ngenxa yokungakholwa nobugwala obungokoqobo bezizukulwane zakamuva. Ngesizathu esifanayo, bekubonakala kungenakwenzeka ngomuntu wesikhathi sethu ukuthi akholelwe futhi ukuthi ungandizela phezu kwamadolobha nezintaba kukhaphethi, noma ukuthi isigqila esivela eCagagagena de Indias singaphila iminyaka engamakhulu amabili ebhodleleni njengesijeziso, ngaphandle kokuthi ukuthi umbhali wendaba angenze abafundi bakhe bayikholwe ”.

"I-Metamorphosis" kaFranz Kafka

Labo abake bafunda le ncwadi bathi ukuyifunda kunzima kakhulu, ukuze ukuyifunda nokuyiqonda kufanele ube nohambo oluthile lokubhala nokuthi uma usuyizwisisile, uluthatha njengomunye wemisebenzi ebhalwe kahle kakhulu.

Izichasiselo zikaGabo kule ncwadi yilezi ezilandelayo:

“Angiphindanga ngalala nokuzola kwami ​​kwangaphambilini. Le ncwadi inqume indlela entsha ngempilo yami kusuka emgqeni wayo wokuqala, namuhla ongomunye wemibhalo emikhulu yezincwadi zomhlaba: «Njengoba uGregor Samsa evuka ekuseni ngolunye usuku ngemuva kokulala engazinzi, wazithola eguqulwe embhedeni wakhe waguqulwa waba yisinambuzane esesabekayo . Ngabona ukuthi kwakungadingekile ukufakazela amaqiniso: kwakwanele ukuthi umbhali abhale okuthile ukuze kube yiqiniso, ngaphandle kobunye ubufakazi ngaphandle kwamandla ethalente lakhe negunya lezwi lakhe. KwakunguSherezade futhi, hhayi emhlabeni wakhe weminyaka eyinkulungwane lapho konke kwakwenzeka khona, kepha kwelinye izwe elingalungiseki lapho konke kwase kulahlekile khona. Lapho ngiqeda ukufunda iMetamorphosis ngezwa nginesifiso esingenakunqotshwa sokuphila kulelo pharadesi elingaziwa ”.

"UNkk. Dalloway" nguVirginia Woolf

Aphawula ngokulandelayo:

“Ngangiqala ngqa ukuzwa igama elithi Virginia Woolf, uGustavo Ibarra ambiza ngalo u-Old Lady Woolf, njenge-Old Man Faulkner. Ukumangala kwami ​​kwamgqugquzela ukuthi aphelelwe yisikhathi. Wathatha inqwaba yezincwadi ayengibonise zona njengezintandokazi zakhe wazibeka ezandleni zami.

Kimi babeyigugu elingacabangeki engingalokothi ngibeke engcupheni lapho ngangingenawo ngisho umgodi odabukisayo lapho ngangingawagcina khona. Ekugcineni wazishiya phansi ngokunginika inguqulo yaseSpain kaVirginia Woolf uNkk Dalloway, ngesibikezelo esingathandeki sokuthi uzofunda ngekhanda.

Ngigoduke nomoya womuntu owayesethole umhlaba. "

"Izindebe Zasendle" futhi nguWilliam Faulkner

I-Wild Palm Trees yinoveli eyabhalwa nguWilliam Faulkner ngo-1939. Isihloko sayo sokuqala sathathwa eBhayibhelini, kusukela kuHubo 137 ivesi 5.

"Njengoba Ngilele Ukufa" nguWilliam Faulkner

Kule ncwadi sibheka impilo yomndeni waseningizimu othatha uhambo oluphelele ngenhloso yokungcwaba isidumbu esibolile sikanina.

Yincwadi enesigqi esithile senkondlo yize ibhalwe ngephrozi. Ngalokho, uWilliam Faulkner wayenguchwepheshe.

 "Uncle Tom's Cabin" nguHarriet Beecher Stowe

Inoveli ebucayi kakhulu enobugqila, ukungaziphathi kwayo futhi ikakhulukazi ngobubi bezinhlobo ezithile zabantu. Yashicilelwa ngoMashi 20, 1852 futhi yasusa impikiswano enkulu, ikakhulukazi e-US. Noma kunjalo, kwakuyincwadi yesi-2 eyayithengwa kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi, ngemuva kweBhayibheli, iyincwadi yamanoveli edayiswa kakhulu kuyo yonke leminyaka yeshumi nesishiyagalolunye. Kule mininingwane kuphela, kufanele ukufundwa uma ungakakwenzi.

"Moby-Dick" nguHerman Melville

Ngubani ongayazi incwadi ka "I-Moby-Dick"? Yize manje kuyinoveli eyaziwa yibo bonke, kufanele sisho ukuthi empeleni ayiphumelelanga.

Ukushicilelwa kwayo kokuqala kwenziwa ngo-1851, ikakhulukazi ngo-Okthoba 18.

Elinye iqiniso elibalulekile ongase ungazi ukuthi inoveli isuselwe ezimweni ezimbili zangempela:

• I-epic ehlushwe whaler Essex ngenkathi ihlaselwa umkhoma wesidoda ngo-1820.
• Icala lomkhomo wesidoda i-albino owanyakazisa iMocha Island (eChile) ngo-1839.

 "Amadodana nabathandi" nguDH Lawrence

Yanyatheliswa ngo-1913 futhi yabekwa endaweni yesishiyagalolunye kumanoveli ayi-9 amahle kakhulu wekhulu lama-100 ahlongozwa yiThe Modern Library.

Kule noveli singabona ukuthuthukiswa komndeni ojwayelekile wabasebenzi abasesezingeni eliphansi, lapho kunezimo ezithile zobudlelwano bezocansi bokuqala.

"El Aleph" kaJorge Luis Borges

Lapha uBorges, wanikeza ubufakazi bokuba khona kwakhe, eshicilela incwadi egxeka kakhulu umuntu, ayithatha njengengakwazi ukubhekana nobuphakade "obungenzeka".

Uma ufuna ukufunda i-biography ephelele kakhulu ngeBorges, nakhu okulandelayo isixhumanisi. Uzoyithanda uma uzibheka njenge- "Borgiano"! Futhi ungazi futhi lapha okwakuyizincwadi ezingama-74 ezanconywa nguBorges ngekhwalithi yazo ephezulu.

Ukuqoqwa kwezindaba ezibhalwe ngu-Ernest Hemingway

Akunakwenzeka ukuthi uGG Márquez angamqambi uHemingway nemisebenzi yakhe. U-Ernest, njengoba sicaphune uBorges esigabeni esedlule, naye wenza uhlu lwakhe lwezincwadi ezinconyiwe. Uma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi ziyini, kufanele uchofoze nje lapha.

I-Counterpoint ka-Aldous Huxley

Akungabazeki ukuthi umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu ka-Aldous Huxley. Ishicilelwe ngo-1928 futhi ngokusho kwabagxeki inesifiso sokuvelela futhi iphumelele kakhulu.

Kulo msebenzi kunezincwadi eziningi njengesiko lomculo, ngoba uHuxley ubonwa njengomsunguli we- "musicalization."

"Yamagundane Namadoda" kaJohn Steinbeck

Le ncwadi inokuthinta kakhulu umbhali wayo, njengoba isuselwa kokuhlangenwe nakho kukaSteinck njengendoda engenamakhaya ngawo-20.

Le ncwadi ingeyolimi oluqonde ngqo, kuze kube yilapho abanye abagxeki beyithatha njengeyinhlamba nenhlamba.

Umbhali wayo wayezowina iNobel Prize ngezincwadi ngo-1962.

"Amagilebhisi Olaka" nguJohn Steinbeck

Ngombhali ofanayo nowangaphambilini, "Amagilebhisi Wokuthukuthela" wathola umklomelo wePulitzer ngo-1940. Kwakuwumsebenzi owawunempikiswano enkulu kakhulu osukwini lwayo, njengoba kwakuyincwadi eyayinokweqa umthetho ngaleso sikhathi.

Ugwayi Road ngu-Erskine Caldwell

Le ncwadi ixoxa indaba yomndeni wakwaLester. Umndeni wabantu abampofu othuthela ugwayi.

Inoveli efakiwe enhlanganweni ebizwa ngokuthi i-goth eseningizimu, lapho ukungcola, usizi nokuxakeka kuyizici ezivame kakhulu ekukhuleni kwayo.

"Izindaba" zikaKatherine Mansfield

Izindaba nezinganekwane zikaKatherine Mansfield, owayebizwe ngempela UKathleen Beauchamp, singabathola kuma-anthologies abo amabili Izindaba ezimfishane, enye eyanyatheliswa ngo-2000 ngu-Ediciones Cátedra kanti enye yakhishwa ngu-Ediciones El País.

"Ukudluliswa kweManhattan" nguJohn Dos Passos

Le noveli iqhathaniswa kakhulu ne- "The Great Gatsby," kunikezwe ukufana abanakho.

Konke kwenzeka eNew York, abalingiswa abavela, abanye banyamalala bengelutho kanti abanye, iningi labo banesixhumanisi esithile.

Yonke intuthuko yenoveli yenzeka eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-30.

"Isithombe sikaJennie" nguRobert Nathan

Umdwebi odangele ngenxa yokuphelelwa ugqozi ngolunye usuku lwasebusika uhlangana nentombazane eseCentral Park igqoke ngendlela yakudala. Kusukela ngalowo mzuzu kuqhubeke, okunye ukuhlangana kuyalandelana, ikakhulukazi ukuthi ngezikhathi ezimbalwa intombazane iphenduka intokazi enhle, umdwebi othandana nayo. Kepha uJennie ufihla imfihlo ...

Kwenziwe amafilimu amabili ngokususelwa kule noveli, elinye liseSpain kanti elinye laseVenezuela.

"Orlando" nguVirginia Woolf

Ithathwa njengenye yamanoveli athandwa kakhulu futhi afundwa kabanzi nguVirginia Woolf. Sicabanga ukuthi, ngokwengxenye, kungenxa yokuthi wazama ukubhala ngezihloko ezithile zangaleso sikhathi: ubungqingili, ubulili besifazane, ngaphezu kwendima yabesifazane (umbhali, umama wekhaya, ...).

Ubucabangani ngezichasiso ezenziwe nguGarcía Márquez kulezi zincwadi? Ingabe uyavumelana naye? Ngabe ufundile eziningi zalezi zincwadi noma, kunalokho, ngabe usanda kubona ukuthi usaswele umhlaba omkhulu wokubhala ongawazi?