Izincwadi eziyi-16 u-Ernest Hemingway watusa kumbhali osemusha ngo-1934

U-Arnold Samuelson, intatheli esencane eneminyaka engu-22 kuphelaEzimisele futhi ethanda izinto ezintsha, waqala uhambo olukhulu edabula izwe lakhe ngemuva kokuphothula izifundo zakhe zaseyunivesithi. Ufake izinto ezimbalwa ebhakedeni lakhe, kanye ne-violin yakhe, wathengisa izinto eziningi ephephandabeni lendawo ukuze amsize aqale uhambo. Lapho ebuyela eMinnesota, emuva ngo-Ephreli 1934, wafunda okokuqala indaba emfushane ka-Ernest Hemingway ephephandabeni kwesilungu. Indaba okukhulunywa ngayo ibinesihloko esithi "Uhambo oluya kolunye uhlangothi", eyayizoba yingxenye yenoveli yakhe kamuva "Ukuba nokungabi nakho."

Le nsizwa yahlabeka umxhwele ngokufundwa kwale ndaba kangangokuba ayikho enye into eyayingayenza ngaphandle kokuthi yenze okuthile uhambo olungaphezu kwamamayela angu-2.000 XNUMX ukushaywa ngemoto, ukuze nje abone iHemingway bese emcela izeluleko.

U-Arnold Samuelson wayengenakho lokho okuthiwa ukuhamba ngokushelelayo nokulula. Isinyathelo kusuka eFlorida kuya eKey West ukweqa kusuka esitimeleni kuya esitimeleni nokuma esikhumulweni sokulala ukuze ulale obala. Isimo sezulu, kamuva walandisa, sasingesihle neze. Ubuye walala esibayeni sezinkunzi sasejele, athi sitheleleke ngomiyane. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, akukho lutho olwasusa ukuzimisela nentshisekelo yakhe yokuhlangana nalowo okwakungumbhali wakhe amthandayo okwamanje, futhi wayezimisele ukuvela emnyango wendlu yakhe. USamuelson uyilandisa kanjena:

Ngenkathi ngqongqoza emnyango wangaphambili wendlu ka-Ernest Hemingway eKey West, waphuma wema phambi kwami, ejulile futhi ecasukile, elinde ukuba ngikhulume. Akukho engingakusho kuye. Angikhumbulanga nelilodwa igama lenkulumo yami engiyilungiselele. Wayeyindoda enkulu, ende enamahlombe abanzi, axegayo, owayemi phambi kwami ​​izinyawo zihlukene nezingalo zakhe zilenga ezinhlangothini zakhe. Ubesakhokhobe kancane eya phambili ngesimo semvelo somshayisibhakela elungele ukushaya isibhakela.

Umbhali umbuze ukuthi yini ngempela abeyifuna, umlobi osemncane waphendula ngokuthi wayifunda indaba yakhe yokugcina eyashicilelwa kwesilungu nokuthi wayehlatshwe umxhwele kakhulu, kangangokuthi akazange akwazi ukugwema ukuhlangana naye ukuze axoxe naye. UHemingway wayematasa ngaleso sikhathi, kodwa ngezwi elikhululekile futhi elinomusa wammema ukuba eze kwakhe ngakusasa.

Ngakusasa baqala ukuxoxa futhi nini U-Arnold Samuelson uvumile ukuthi wayengazi ukuthi angabhala kanjani ngezindaba eziqanjiwe, owayezama ngaphandle kokuphumelela, u-Ernest waqala ukumeluleka:

"Okubaluleke kakhulu engikufundile ngokubhala ukuthi akufanele ubhale okuningi ngasikhathi sinye," kusho uHemingway ethinta ingalo yami ngomunwe. Akudingeki ukwenze ngasikhathi sinye. Shiya okunye usuku olulandelayo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi kufanele ume nini. Uma uqala ukubhala futhi konke kuhamba kahle, yiza endaweni ethokozisayo futhi lapho wazi ukuthi kuzokwenzekani ngokulandelayo, leso isikhathi sokuma. Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele usishiye njengoba sinjalo ungacabangi ngaso; mayiphumule nengqondo yakho enganakile yenza konke okunye. Ngakusasa ekuseni, lapho ulale kamnandi futhi usuphumule, bhala kabusha lokho obukubhale ngayizolo uze ufike endaweni ethokozisayo lapho wazi khona ukuthi kuzokwenzekani ngokulandelayo. Bhala futhi bese uphinda ukulandelana futhi, ukushiye endaweni elandelayo ethokozisayo. Njalo njalo. Ngaleyo ndlela, isihloko sakho sizohlala sigcwele izindawo ezithakazelisayo. Kuyindlela yokubhala inoveli engapheli futhi ethakazelisa njengoba uqhubeka. '

U-Ernest Hemingway, phakathi kwezinye izinto, welule umfana ukuthi angagxili kubabhali bangaleso sikhathi. Ngokusho kombhali omkhulu, bekufanele uqhudelane nezakudala, nababhali abangasekho manje, okwathi ngokusho kwakhe yibo abenza imisebenzi yakhe yamelana nokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umbhali wamema u-Arnold endaweni yakhe yokusebenzela. Uchaza isipiliyoni sakhe kuyo kanjena:

Indawo yokusebenzela yakhe bekuyigaraji elingemuva kwendlu. Ngamlandela ngaya ezitebhisini ezingaphandle zeshabhu, okwakuyigumbi lesikwele, elinendawo enethayela namafasitela avaliwe ezindongeni ezintathu nasemashalofini amade ezincwadi ngezansi kwamafasitela aphansi. Ekhoneni elilodwa bekukhona itafula elikhulu lasendulo elinesiqongo esicaba nesihlalo se-antique esinomhlane ophakeme. U-EH uthathe isihlalo ekhoneni futhi sahlala ngaphesheya komunye nomunye ngapha nangapha kwetafula. Wathatha ipeni waqala ukubhala ephepheni. Ukuthula kwakungakhululeki neze. Ngabona ukuthi uthatha isikhathi sakhe ukubhala. Bengizothanda ukuthi angijabulise ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe, kepha ngigcine ngivale umlomo wami. Ngangikhona ukuzothatha konke ayezonginika khona hhayi okunye.

Lokho u-Ernest Hemingway ayekubhala kwakuwuhlu lwamanoveli ayi-14 nezindaba ezi-2 ancoma ukuthi umfana azifunde. Lezi yizincwadi eziyi-16 u-Ernest Hemingway azincomela umbhali osemusha ngo-1934:

1. "Anna Karenina" nguLeon Tolstoy.
2. "Impi nokuthula" nguLeon Tolstoy.
3. "Nkosikazi Bovary" nguGustave Flaubert.
4. «Ihhotela eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka» nguStephen Crane.
5. "Isikebhe esivulekile" nguStephen Crane.
6. AbakwaDubliners nguJame Joyce.
7. "Okubomvu nokumnyama" kaStendhal.
8. "Isigqila sabantu" kaSomerset Maugham.
9. Imifula iBruptbrooks nguThomas Mann.
10. "Kukude futhi kudala" ngu-WH Hudson.
11. "WaseMelika" nguHenry James.
12. "Sanibonani nisale kahle" (Sawubona nokuvalelisa) nguGeorge Moore.
13. "Abafowethu bakaKaramazov" ngu-Fyodor Dostoyevsky.
14. "Igumbi elikhulu" ngu-EE Cummings.
15. Ukuphakama kwe-Wuthering ngu-Emily Brontë.
16. "I-Oxford Book of English Verse" nguSir Arthur Thomas.

I-Biography ka-Ernest Hemingway

Ngemuva kwalokho sikushiya nevidiyo yomlando ka-Ernest Hemingway. Yi-biography ephelele (ividiyo ithatha cishe ihora nesigamu) lapho kungeke kuhlolisiswe kuphela impilo nomsebenzi wombhali, kepha futhi nombhali nomunye wababhali abakanye naye kungabonakala bekhuluma.

I-Ernest Hemingway Phrases and Quotes

Futhi ukuqeda le ndatshana ende kodwa ejabulisayo, yakudala, eminye imishwana edumile nezingcaphuno kusho umbhali uqobo:

• "Abantu abalungile, uma ucabanga kancane ngayo, bebehlala bengabantu abajabulayo."
• Indlela enhle yokuthola ukuthi ungamethemba yini umuntu ukuthembela kuye.
• "Manje: igama elinelukuluku lokuveza umhlaba wonke nempilo yonke."
• Ungenzi lokho ngobuqotho ongafuni ukukwenza. Ungalokothi udidanise ukunyakaza nesenzo.
• Hlala njalo emuva komuntu odubulayo naphambi kwendoda eshayayo. Ngaleyo ndlela uvikelekile ezinhlamvwini nasenkingeni.
• «Uma siphumelela lapha sizonqoba yonke indawo. Umhlaba uyindawo enhle, kufanelekile ukuwuvikela futhi ngiyakuzonda ukuwushiya.
• "Ungalokothi ucabange ukuthi impi, noma ngabe ibonakala inesidingo kangakanani noma ifanelekile, ayiselona icala."
• "Zama ukuqonda, awuyena umlingiswa wenhlekelele."
• "Ngizwe umzwangedwa wokufa oza ekupheleni kosuku ngalunye lokuphila umuntu amoshe ngalo."
• "Uma bezwa i-echo abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi umsindo uvela kuye."