ʻO ka fiction i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e kamaʻilio maʻamau ana i kahi dystopian reality i hoʻoweliweli i nā mea noʻeau a me nā leka no nā makahiki he mau makahiki, ʻo ia nō kekahi ʻano i mahalo nui ʻia e ka poʻe heluhelu. ʻO ka hōʻoia o kēia mau mea nā puke futuristic ʻoi loa i alakaʻi ai ma mua o hoʻokahi e noʻonoʻo inā ka Honua, e like me kā mākou e ʻike nei i kēia lā, aia ma ke ala maikaʻi loa.
ʻO
Ka Mīkini Manawa, na HG Wells
He mau makahiki ma mua Ua lūlū ʻo Orson Welles i ka makaʻu ma ʻAmelika e ka hoʻolele leo ʻana i kahi lekiō e hōʻike ana i ka hōʻea ʻana mai o nā malihini mai ka puke moʻolelo na HG Wells Kaua o nā Honua, kekahi o nā mea kākau hihio nui loa o kāna hanauna i hoʻokumu ʻia Ka Mīkini manawa, hana hae o ka moʻokalaleo fiction. Paʻi ʻia i ka makahiki 1895, lawelawe ʻia ka hana e kālā i ka huaʻōlelo «Mīkini manawa»Me ia ka protagonist, he ʻepekema 802.701 kenekulia, i huakaʻi i ka makahiki XNUMX e ʻike i ke alo o nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Eloi me ka ʻole o ka moʻomeheu a me ka ʻike ʻole. ʻO kahi kūlana.
Brave World Hou, na Aldous Huxley
Auē ke kupanaha!
Ehia mau mea nani o aneʻi!
Nani ka nani o ke kanaka! Auē hauʻoli honua
kahi e noho ai ka poʻe like me kēlā.
ʻO kēia mau ʻōlelo i haʻi ʻia e ke ʻano o Miranda i ka pāʻani ʻO ka ʻino, na William Shakespeare, ʻo ia ka mea hoʻoikaika maikaʻi loa no Huxley ke kākau ʻana He honua hauʻoli, kāna hana nui loa a me kekahi o nā nā puke futuristic ʻoi loa. Paʻi ʻia ma 1932, lawe ka moʻolelo iā mākou i kahi kaiāulu mea kūʻai aku i kākoʻo ʻia e ka hypnopedia, a i ʻole ka hiki ke aʻo ma o nā moeʻuhane pili i nā kānaka i mahi ʻia i ke kiʻi a me ke ʻano o ka laina hui. ʻO ke ao "hauʻoli" i loaʻa ma muli o ke kāohi ʻana i ka moʻomeheu, globalis a i ʻole ka manaʻo o "ʻohana" i ka honua e like me kā mākou e ʻike nei i kēia lā. ʻO kahi hōʻike weliweli (weliweli).
ʻO wau, lopako, na Isaac Asimov
- Kānāwai mua o nā lopako: ʻAʻole hiki i kahi robot ke hana ʻino i ke kanaka a i ʻole, ma ka hana ʻole, ʻae i kahi kanaka e hana ʻino ʻia.
- Kānāwai ʻelua: Pono kahi lopako e hoʻolohe i nā kauoha i hāʻawi ʻia e nā kānaka, koe wale nō ke kūʻē kēia mau mea me ke kānāwai mua.
- Kolu kānāwai: Pono kahi lopako e pale i kāna pono ponoʻī, inā ʻaʻole ia e pale i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā kānāwai mua a me ka lua.
ʻO kēia mau kānāwai ʻekolu i lilo i kumu no ka Kahua Trilogy, kahi puke a me nā moʻolelo me Asimov i lilo ai hihio i kahi manawa, nā makahiki 30, ke hoʻomaka nei ka ʻepekema e haʻalele. I loko o nā moʻolelo āpau i hui ʻia, ʻo Yo robot ka mea kaulana loa o lākou āpau, e hōʻike ana i kahi ala hou aku i haʻi ʻia ai ka hakakā e he lopako i hāpai ʻia ma ke ʻano he kōkua nui o ke kaiāulu i ka wā e hiki mai ana ʻaʻole mamao loa.
1984, na George Orwell
La ʻO ke Kaua Honuaʻelua ua hoʻoulu ʻia ka manaʻoʻiʻo i nā manaʻo he nui hiki i nā kānaka ke lilo i ʻenemi ponoʻī a hoʻohana i ka totalitaryism e hōʻino ai i ke kūʻokoʻa kanaka. No laila, i ka 1949, ua ʻapo ʻia ka hoʻolaha ʻana o kā Orwell puke e nā mea heluhelu i ʻike i loko o kāna ʻaoʻao he hōʻike i hoʻolaha ʻia no kekahi manawa lōʻihi. Hoʻonoho ʻia ma Ladana o kahi makahiki dystopian 1984, hōʻike ka puke i ka waiwai kaulana o ka Kaikuaʻana, ka mea kōkua nui o ka mākaʻi manaʻo i ka wā e pili ana i ka kaohi ʻana i kahi kaiāulu kahi e kapu loa ai ka noʻonoʻo ʻana a i ʻole ka hōʻike ʻana iā ia iho i kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa mai kēlā i hoʻokumu ʻia. He mau makahiki ma hope o ka makahiki 1984, ʻaʻole i hāʻule ke kaiāulu i kahi panorama dystopian, akā ʻo ka mana i hoʻohana ʻia e nā ʻenehana hou a i ʻole nā dictatorship e kū nei e hōʻoia paha, ʻaʻole paha mākou i mamao loa.
Makemake ʻoe e heluhelu 1984na George Orwell?
Fahrenheit 451, na Ray Bradbury
Manaʻo pū ʻia me ka 1984 i hala a me Brave New World ma ke ʻano he "trinity" o Nā puke moʻolelo dystopian o ko mākou manawa, Palekana 451 ua lilo ia i kuhikuhi pololei i nā palapala, kahi mea noʻeau e hiki ai i nā lā e hiki mai ana ke lilo i mea weliweli i ke kanaka, no ka mea ke noʻonoʻo nui nei lākou a hoʻomaka lākou e nīnau iā lākou iho i nā nīnau. No laila ka mea hoʻokūkū, kahi mea kinai ahi ʻo Guy Montag, i hoʻoili ʻia me ka hana kūlike ʻole o ka puhi ʻana i nā puke. ʻO ka inoa o ka puke, e pili ana i ke ana wela ma ka pālāki Fahrenheit kahi e hoʻomaka ai ke kuni i nā puke (ke kaulike o 232,8ºC), huki pololei mai ka mana o kekahi o ko Bradbury mau mea hoʻoulu nui, ʻo Edgar Allan Poe, e haʻi iā mākou i kahi moʻolelo e like me ka hewa no ka mea he mana ia. i hoʻopili ʻia i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni i 1966 e ka mea hiʻona ʻo François Truffaut.
Ke Alanui, na Cormac McCarthy
Ua lilo ka kenekulia XNUMX i manawa maikaʻi no ka puke dystopian a me futuristic, e hoʻolilo ana i ke ʻano i ʻenekini moʻomeheu maikaʻi loa ke hiki ke hōʻike. ʻO kahi laʻana maikaʻi ʻO ke alanui, kekahi o ka nā puke ʻAmelika maikaʻi loa o nā makahiki he iwakālua i hala i hōʻike maikaʻi ʻia e kāna kūleʻa kūleʻa a i ʻole ka Ua loaʻa iā Pulitzer lāua ʻo James Tait Black Memorial Awards ʻo McCarthy i kekahi mau mahina ma hope o ka paʻi ʻia ʻana o ka puke ma 2006. Hoʻonoho ʻia i kahi wā e hiki mai ana ka honua i luku ʻia e kahi pōʻino i hōʻike ʻole ʻia i loko o ka puke, e pili ana ka pāʻani i nā kapuwaʻi o kahi makuakāne a me kāna keikikāne ma o ka honua o ka lepo, ka mehameha a, ma mua o nā mea āpau. , pōloli, ke kumu nui e alakaʻi i nā mea hoʻokūkū e kū i mua o nā cannibals hou o ka honua e make ana.
Nā Pāʻani Pōloli, na Suzanne Collins
I ka mokuʻāina o Panem e hiki mai ana, ua hoʻomalu ka Capitol i nā moku i loaʻa i ka ʻilihune. ʻO kēia ke kumu e alakaʻi ai ke alakaʻi ʻoi loa ʻo Snow i kēlā me kēia makahiki i kahi keikikāne mai kēlā me kēia mokuʻāina e hoʻokūkū i kahi hoʻokūkū kīwī i kapa ʻia ʻO nā pāʻani make, kahi o ka mikionali e hoʻopau ai i nā mea kūʻē a hiki i ka lanakila ʻana. ʻO kahi kuʻuna i hoʻopiʻi ʻia ma hope o ka hōʻea ʻana o ʻO Katniss Everdeen, protagonist o nā ʻāpana ʻekolu i paʻi ʻia ma 2008, 2009 a me 2010, ke alakaʻi nei i ka mea kaulana ʻO Saga ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni iā Jennifer Lawrence. ʻO kekahi o nā puke moʻolelo ʻōpio dystopian kūleʻa loa o nā manawa hou a me kahi kumu o ka hoʻoulu manaʻo no nā hana like like ʻē aʻe e like me ʻO Divergent a i ʻole The Maze Runner, paʻi ʻia i nā makahiki i hala.
He aha nā puke futuristic ʻoi loa i ka mōʻaukala?