E ʻimi i loko o ke ola a me ka hana a ka mea kākau Granada-hānau Federico Garcia Lorca He mea kupanaha maoli ia, no ka mea ʻike mau ʻia kahi mea hou. I kēia lā ua hele mai mākou e hana pololei i kēlā: delve, delve i kahi hohonu hohonu i loko o kahi o kāna mau hana kaulana loa. Nānā pōkole mākou i ka hana "Gypsy romance" mai FG Lorca, e noho pū ʻoe me mākou?
ʻO
"Gypsy romance"
ʻO ka hana mele "Gypsy romance" ua kākau ʻia a paʻi ʻia e ka haku mele ʻo Federico García Lorca i loko o ka makahiki 1928 a he ʻano hoʻohui ia o 18 mau romance, nona nā poʻomanaʻo e hoʻopuni i ka honua kaʻao o nā gypsies, e pili ana i nā kumuhana e like me ke ao holoʻokoʻa e like me ka hopena hopena e hele pū me mākou āpau i ka manawa i ko mākou ola, ka huhū o nā mea i makemake ʻia akā ʻaʻole i loaʻa. , ka hewa no ka manaʻo a hana i kekahi mau mea, etc.
Hōʻike ka huaʻōlelo mele i kēia hana i ka syncretism o ka hanauna kaulana o '27, kahi i huikau ʻia ai nā kaʻina hana a me nā kumu pilikino me nā kiʻina avant-garde, e like me ka mea ʻaʻole ke ʻano o ka haku mele Granada, e like me kā lākou iho. nā hōʻailona o ke ao holoʻokoʻa.
A inā makemake ʻoe e heluhelu koke i kēia hana nani, paipai mākou mai hoʻomau i ka heluhelu ʻana i kēia manawa. ʻAʻole mākou makemake e hōʻike aku iā ʻoe i kekahi mea. E hoʻi mai ʻoe i aneʻi ke pau kāu heluhelu ʻana. Eia naʻe, inā ua heluhelu mua ʻoe ia a makemake e hoʻomau i ke kālailai ʻana me mākou, e hoʻomau i ka heluhelu ʻana.
ʻO ka make ʻana o Antoñito, el Camborio
I loko o kēia hana kaulana, loaʻa i nā gypsies kahi dimeite: hōʻike lākou i ka instinct kūʻokoʻa Ke hakakā nei i nā loina i hoʻokumu ʻia a me ka hopena. ʻO Lorca, noʻonoʻo i nā ʻano kanaka āpau loa iā lākou (hanohano, ikaika, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) e kipi a kū i mua i ka hopena weliweli ka mea ia e mālama nei, e lanakila ana a lanakila hoʻi me ka make kūpono ʻole.
I kēia manawa, e ʻike mākou i ke ʻano o ʻO Antoñito, ka Camborio e like me ka archetype o ka gypsy purebred.
"Ke aloha o ka hoʻopaʻi ʻeleʻele"
Mai ka hakakā ma waena o ka makemake no ke kūʻokoʻa a me ka make, kū mai kahi hoʻohoka nui i kāhea nā gypsies "ʻO ka hoʻopaʻi ʻeleʻele". ʻO kēia kānana a me ka wehewehe ʻana o ka manaʻo gipo no ka "hoʻopaʻi ʻeleʻele" i loko o kāna puke e kekahi Soledad Montoya, a hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i kona ʻeha ʻana i nā paukū aʻe a mākou i waiho ai i lalo.
… _Soledad: holoi i kou kino
me ka wai kai,
a waiho i kou puʻuwai
i ka maluhia, ʻo Soledad Montoya.
E mele ana ma lalo o ka muliwai:
pepa lele lani a me lau.
Me nā pua ʻōmaka
kau ka lei kalaunu hou.
Auē hilahila nā Gypsies!
ʻO ka hoʻopaʻi maʻemaʻe a me ka manawa mau wale nō.
Auwe, kaumaha kanikau huna
a me ke alaula mamao!
ʻO nā poʻomanaʻo a nā Gypsy Ballads e hana ai
ʻOiai ua kaulana ka Pōhaku Gypsy no ke kamaʻilio ʻana e pili ana i kahi kumuhana i hoʻohana iki ʻia e like me ka honua gypsy, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻAʻole wale ia ke kumuhana a ka mea kākau, ʻO Federico García Lorca, hana. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ma loko o nā moʻo 18 e hoʻokumu i ka Romancero hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i nā kumuhana like ʻole e pono e ʻike.
ʻO ka mea nui o ka papa hoʻomāinoino, hana ʻino a me ke ola o gypsies, kahi poʻe i noho mau ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kaiāulu a relegated a kūpono me nā adjectives maikaʻi ʻole a maikaʻi ʻole paha no ko lākou nohona.
No kēia kumu, hana ʻo Lorca i nā kumuhana like ʻole i kāna mau mele, e pili ana iā lākou, e like me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a paio mau me ka mana repressive, hoʻokūkū, kahi kaiāulu kūʻai aku, a pēlā aku. Kuhi kēia mau mea āpau i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke ola a me ka leo i kahi kaiāulu ʻike liʻiliʻi a hoʻowahāwahā nui ʻia e like me nā gypsies. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo ka mea kākau ponoʻī e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka nui o nā inoa i ka hana noʻeau e pili ana i ka lāhui gypsy.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kahi mea e ʻōlelo mau ai ka hapa mau o ka manawa, me ka hoʻopuka ʻana i ka gypsies, ʻo Lorca Hana ʻo ia i kahi no nā wahine i kāna hana. ʻO ke ʻano e kū ana iā ia ma kēia hihia ʻo Soledad Montoya, a ʻo ia hoʻi ka «gypsy nun», a ʻo ia ka mea i hiki ke wehewehe ʻia ma ke ʻano he «wahine maoli» no nā gypsies.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ma loko o nā aloha, nui nā kumuhana nui, e like me ke aloha, ka make, nā ʻokoʻa ... Mālama ʻia kēia mau mea āpau e nā gypsies, akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo hiki i ka mea kākau ke extrapolating ia i nā kaiāulu ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka mahele o ke aloha: ʻelua mau kumuhana ʻokoʻa loa
ʻO El Romancero Gitano kekahi o nā puke a Lorca i hoʻomaka ʻo ia e kākau i ka makahiki 1924 a paʻi ʻia i ka makahiki 1928. Hiki iā mākou ke kamaʻilio e pili ana kekahi o nā hana nui a ka mea kākau, me kahi ʻōlelo i hoʻokumu nui ʻia i nā metaphors, nā hōʻailona, a me nā moʻolelo. ʻOiai, kū i waho e hōʻike i ka moʻomeheu gipo a Andalusian, me ka mālama ʻole i nā pilikia ʻē aʻe.
Lorca hana i loko o kāna mau ballad gypsy ma hope o ka nā alakaʻi o ke aloha kuʻuna, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kamaʻilio me ka ʻole o ka hoʻolauna ʻana i nā verba a i ʻole ka ʻōlelo ʻana i ka mea e ʻōlelo nei. Eia hou, ʻaʻohe ʻōlelo mua o ka moʻolelo i haʻi ʻia, he mea ia e hoʻomaka koke a hiki ke hana i kahi aura o ka mea pohihihi a puni ka moʻolelo. No laila, ʻike ʻia nā aloha a pau o Lorca e ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā moʻolelo haʻi moʻolelo maʻamau, nā anaphora, nā repetitions a me nā hōʻailona hoʻi a nā mea haku mele e makemake nui ai.
E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, aia i loko o 18 mau aloha. Akā ʻaʻole kēia mau mea e puni puni i ka honua gipo, akā hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻelua mau ʻano aloha e ʻokoʻa e ka mea a Lorca i makemake ai e haʻi e pili ana iā lākou.
No laila, iā ʻoe:
Romance 1 a 15
ʻO kēia mau mea nānā pono ʻia i nā gypsies. Akā i loko o lākou aia kekahi mau subtopics koʻikoʻi e like me ka make, wahine, a pēlā aku. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻelima o kēia pūʻulu mele i kau ʻia ma luna o nā wahine. Kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i: Precious and the air; ʻO Romance Walkawayking, ʻO ka Gypsy Nun; ka hale hookuli; a me Romance o ka hoʻopaʻi ʻeleʻele. Hāʻawi kēlā me kēia o lākou i ka hihiʻo o kahi kumuhana e like me ke aloha, ka pīhoihoi, nāukiuki a i ʻole ke kaumaha.
I ka manawa like, aia kekahi mau aloha ʻē aʻe nona ka mōʻaukala o nā gypsies i loaʻa kahi hopena weliweli, e like me Make o Antoñito el Camborio; Hakaka; o ʻO Romance o ka Spanish Guard Guard.
ʻO ka hope, e ʻike ʻoe i ʻekolu aloha i hoʻolaʻa ʻia e ka mea kākau i ʻekolu mau kūlanakauhale Andalusian. ʻO lākou: Granada (me San Miguel); Seville (me San Gabriel); a me Córdoba (me San Rafael).
Romance 16 a 18
ʻO nā aloha hope ʻekolu o ka Gypsy Ballads ʻaʻole pili nui i nā gypsies, akā naʻe Kamaʻilio lākou e pili ana nā kiʻi mōʻaukala. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo Martirio de Santa Olalla, e kamaʻilio e pili ana iā Roman Andalusia, a hana pū me ke ola o Santa Eulalia de Mérida.
No kāna ʻāpana, ʻo Mock Don Pedro ma ka lio, hoʻihoʻi iā mākou i ka Middle Ages, kahi e kamaʻilio ai e pili ana i ke aloha, kona hele ʻole ʻana, a me nā naita i poina.
ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻo Thamar lāua ʻo Amnon e pili ana i kahi moʻolelo Baibala a me ke aloha aloha a me ke aloha o nā kaikunāne ʻelua.
Hiki paha ke ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻoiai lākou e hana nei me nā kumuhana i ʻike ʻia i nā aloha mua, ʻokoʻa ia i ka mea i mālama ʻia i loko o kā Lorca puke a me he mea lā ke kau nei wau i ʻekolu mau aloha, ma ke ʻano, ʻaʻohe pili iki me nā mea i luna (ʻoiai, e like me kā mākou e ʻōlelo nei, hana pū lākou i nā pilikia like)
ʻO Symbology i nā Pāʻo Gypsy
ʻO ka hope, waiho mākou iā ʻoe ma aneʻi he aha ka hōʻailona āu e ʻike ai i nā Gypsy Ballads a me ke ʻano a ka mea haku mele e hāʻawi ai i kēlā mau hōʻailona. Hoʻohana ʻia kekahi o lākou i nā hana ʻē aʻe, akā aia kekahi mau mea ʻokoʻa i kēia.
Aia i waena o lākou nā:
ʻO ka Gypsy
Hiki ke kiʻi gypsy unuhi ma ke ʻano he ʻano o ke ola, a pehea e hoʻokuʻi ai me ka "maʻamau" a me ka nohona maʻamau. ʻOiai nā hoʻāʻo e hoʻomaʻa i kēlā kaiāulu a noho i ka maluhia me lākou, ua kūleʻa ʻo ia a hoʻopau maikaʻi i kāna hopena.
Mahina
No Lorca, nui nā manaʻo o ka mahina, akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma kēia hihia ʻo ka mea ʻano nui loa he a hōʻailona hōʻailona make.
Ka pipi
ʻOiai he hōʻailona ka bipi o ka mana, ka ikaika, ke koa. ʻO ka pahuhopu hope loa o kēia ka make a ʻaʻole kahi maʻamau, akā pono e hakakā e ola, i ka hopena, nā mea a pau āna e hana ai, hala.
No laila, no Lorca, he a kāna hōʻailona hōʻailona hōʻino. Me he mea lā ua lawe ʻia ka pipi i kona ola. A ʻo kēia kahi e hōʻike ai iā ia i kāna aloha.
Lio
ʻO ka lio kekahi o nā hōʻailona i hoʻohana nui ʻia e Federico García Lorca i kāna mau hana he nui. A i kēia hihia ua kamaʻilio ʻo ia no ka lio mai kahi kāne, virile, manaʻo ikaika, piha i ke kuko.
Pēlā ʻo ia e pani ai, akā ʻo kēia kuko ke alakaʻi mau nei i ka make, i kahi hopena weliweli e pau me ka loaʻa ʻole o kāna mea i makemake ai.
Ma loko o nā Ballad Gypsy, helu ʻia kekahi mau metala e like me nā pahi, nā pahi, a pēlā aku. ʻO lākou āpau nā mea e hōʻailona ana i ka make no ka mea kākau. E hoʻomanaʻo e kamaʻilio ana mākou e pili ana i kahi mea i hōʻeha i ka ʻeha a hiki i kēia ke make.
Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi nā metala e like me ke kālā a me ke gula, a ʻo ke keleawe a keleawe paha. ʻO nā mea mua ʻelua he mau hōʻailona maikaʻi no Lorca; ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻelua mau mea ʻē aʻe, hāʻawi iā lākou i kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa loa, no ka mea hoʻohana ʻo ia iā lākou e hōʻike i ke ʻano o ka ʻili i loaʻa i kahi kanaka (a i ʻole hui).
Inā makemake ʻoe e heluhelu i kahi mea maikaʻi e pili ana iā García Lorca, makemake nui mākou e heluhelu i kēia «Romancero Gitano», kekahi o nā mea maikaʻi a ka mea kākau hānau Granada.