Iiyure ezintlanu noMario

UMiguel Delibes uthathwa njengomnye wababhali ababaluleke kakhulu kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX, ngenxa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kubugcisa bakhe: Iiyure ezintlanu noMario. Ishicilelwe kwi-1966, le noveli ngumboniso othembekileyo wobunyani bezentlalo, indlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokubhala eSpain embindini wenkulungwane ephelileyo. Ke ngoko, yayiyindlela ebalisayo enobunzima obukhulu benkcubeko ngexesha lolawulo lukaFranco.

Ngencoko yangaphakathi yowasetyhini okwingxaki -uCarmen, ophambili kuye- Iidelibes ziveze uninzi lwezopolitiko ezazingagungqi eSpain ngelo xesha. Hayi ngelize, iphephandaba El Mundo ifakiwe Iiyure ezintlanu noMario kuluhlu "lweenoveli ezilikhulu ezilikhulu lekhulu lamashumi amabini."

Sobre el autor

UMiguel Delibes Setién wazalelwa eValladolid, eSpain, ngo-Okthobha nge-17, 1920. Wayengumntwana wesithathu emtshatweni phakathi kuka-Adolfo Delibes noMaría Setién. Uyise wayengumnini sihlalo woMthetho kwiSikolo soRhwebo saseValladolid. Kwelinye icala, utat'omkhulu ongumama-u-Miguel María Setién- wayeligqwetha elaziwayo nelalililungu lombutho wezopolitiko we-Carlist.

Izifundo zomkhosi kunye namava

Ngo-1936 waphumelela kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo eLourdes College kwidolophu yakowabo. Kungekudala emva koko Usebenze njengevolontiya kumkhosi wenqanawa womkhosi wabavukeli ngexesha leMfazwe yamakhaya yaseSpain (1936-39). Yakuba iphelile imfazwe, wabuyela kwilizwe lakhe lokufumana uqeqesho eyunivesithi; ngokulandelelana wazigqiba izifundo zoRhwebo, ezoMthetho kunye nezoBugcisa.

Imisebenzi yokuqala

Ngo-1941, iphephandaba iValladolid Umntla weCastile waqesha uDelibes njengomdwebi wekhathuni. Emva kokuphumelela njengeMercantile Intendant eBilbao, U-Miguel oselula uthathe isihlalo somthetho wezorhwebo kwiYunivesithi yaseValladolid. Ngo-Epreli 1946 watshata no-lesngeles Castro, owayengumongo wakhe kwimisebenzi emininzi yoncwadi lweSpanish.

Umsebenzi woncwadi

Incwadi yakhe yokuqala imele ukuqala kwesitayile: Umthunzi we-cypress umde (1947), ophumeleleyo kwiBhaso likaNadal. Nangona kunjalo, inoveli yakhe yesibini, Nokuba ngumhla (Ngo-1949), wagunyaziswa nguFranco. Emva kwaloo ngxaki, waqala ukulandelwa ngokusondeleyo ngurhulumente xa wayefundisa izifundo ezinxulumene neMfazwe Yamakhaya.

Ngapha koko, nge Indlela (Ngo-1950) Iidibhi zafikelela kungcwaliso kwihlabathi leeleta kunye nokubhalwa koncwadi kwixesha laseSpain lasemva kwemfazwe. Nangona, ngokucacileyo, ukunyanzelwa akuyekanga ukumhlukumeza, ngakumbi emva kokuchongwa njengosekela mlawuli we Umntla weCastile. Ngaphandle kwale nto, Umbhali weValladolid akazange ayeke isingqisho sakhe ngexesha lamashumi amahlanu kwaye uqhubeke nokupapasha umndilili wencwadi enye ngonyaka.

Ukuphumla kweenoveli zikaMiguel Delibes

• Unyana wam uSisi (1953).
• Idayari kaHunter (Ngo-1955). Ophumeleleyo kwiBhaso leSizwe loNcwadi.
• Idayari yomfuduki (1958).
• Igqabi elibomvu (Ngo-1959). Ophumeleleyo ngeBhaso leSiseko seJuan Matshi.
• Iimpuku (1962). Abagxeki Ophumeleleyo.
• Umzekeliso wenkunkuma (1969).
• Isikhulu esihlaliswe etroneni (1973).
• Iimfazwe zookhokho bethu (1975).
• IVoti ephikisanayo kaSeñor Cayo (1978).
• Abamsulwa abangcwele (1981).
• Uthando iileta ezivela sexagenarian voluptuous (1983).
• Ubuncwane (1985).
• Ihuni zomthi (1987). Ophumelele isiXeko seBhaso leSixeko sase-Barcelona.
• Inenekazi elibomvu kwimvelaphi engwevu (1991).
• Idayari yomhlala phantsi (1995).
• Umwexuki (Ngo-1998). Ophumeleleyo kwiBhaso leSizwe loNcwadi.

Ukufa kunye nelifa

UMiguel Delibes usweleke nge-11 kaMatshi ngo-2010. Washiya umsebenzi omkhulu kakhulu kwaye esisityebi. Ewe, ngaphandle kweenoveli zakhe ezingama-20 ezipapashiweyo, ugqibezele ukumiliselwa kweencwadi ezisithoba zamabali amafutshane, iincwadi zokuhamba ezintandathu, ezokuzingela ezili-10, izincoko ezingama-20 kunye namanqaku amaphepha-ndaba.

Uhlalutyo Iiyure ezintlanu noMario

Ungayithenga le ncwadi apha: Iiyure ezintlanu noMario

Imvelaphi

NgoAprili 1, 1939, olona ngquzulwano lukhulu kwimbali yakutshanje eSpeyin lwaphela. Ukuphumelela kuka-Franco kwakuthetha ukunyuka kwama-Falangists ukuya kulawulo phantsi komthetho ongenakuphikiswa ka "el caudillo". Ukongeza, ukuguqulwa komgaqo-siseko wowe-1942 nowe-1947 kufezekisile "ukwenziwa ngokusemthethweni" kolawulo, kunye nokuhambelana okuyimfuneko kweCawa yamaKatolika.

Umxholo

Usizi lwalugqugqisile, kwakungekho lungelo lokugxekwa okanye nakuphi na ukuphoxeka ngokuthe ngqo. Ngokulandelanayo, Ibali elizinikeleyo ekuhlaleni laba yenye yeefestile ezimbalwa ezinakho ukuchaza ukubandezeleka kwenxalenye enkulu yabemi. Ngale ndlela, ezona ziganeko zibalulekileyo zezi zilandelayo:

• Umvuzo uninzi lwabasebenzi awuvumanga ukuba baphile.
• Nangona amashishini amancinci amaninzi ayenziwe, la macandelo ngokubanzi afunyanwa kwintengiso emnyama (kuba babengenandlela yimbi).
• Ukuthand 'izwe kwakuthethelela yonke into. Ukusuka ekukhutshweni kweoyile (kwimihlaba enebituminous) ukuya kugonyo olungelulo kwimeko yokubuza "iinjongo ezilungileyo" zolawulo kulawulo lwayo.

Isiqendu

Kwinqanaba loncwadi olubandakanyekayo, Iiyure ezintlanu noMario Yeyenoveli ekhoyo ye-neorealist (ithuba phakathi kowe-1939 ukuya ku-1962). Kulo mdlalo, Ukunyoba isebenzisa i-monologue ye-protagonist yayo-ngubani ovusa umyeni wakhe- ukutyhila izinto ezingathandekiyo zomntu onxungupheleyo, u-egocentric kakhulu kwaye, ubukhulu becala, ulwazelelo.

Umahluko phakathi kwendlela ezimbini zokuphila

Ophambili ukothula kwingxoxo yakhe yangaphakathi zonke izinyeliso eziqokelelekileyo kumyeni wakhe ongasekhoyo. Kwangokunjalo, inika umfundi ngesishwankathelo esineenkcukacha zobomi beklasi ephakathi yaseValladolid ngexesha lasemva kwemfazwe. Nangona kunjalo, bonke ubukrakra bokubonakalisa uvakalelo buthambile, ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile, ngamacandelo amafutshane ahlekisayo okanye ethenda okubhaliweyo.

Umdlalo ukwabonisa umahluko phakathi kweentsapho zabalinganiswa abaphambili. Kwelinye icala, umama kaCarmen wayenobomi obunesidima, obuchanekileyo kunye nokunyaniseka, kanye njengokuba utata wakhe wayeyintatheli yephephandaba iABC. Kwelinye icala, umama kaMario (umyeni oswelekileyo) ugcine imikhwa yokungakhathali kwaye utata wakhe wayengumntu ongenathemba, engenasimilo sokufa.

Ezobuhlanga

Ezantsi kwako konke ugculelo lukaCarmen, kukho inkuthazo ebonakalayo. Ewe, elona bango lakhe likhulu kukuba umyeni wakhe akafumananga mali yaneleyo ebomini ukumthengela izinto ezingaphezulu kwaye ufumane iinkonzo ezininzi. Ukwabonisa icala lakhe elilambathayo ngokuqhayisa ngokujongwa awayekufumana kwamanye amakhwenkwe xa wayesemncinci.

Ukongeza, iMenchu ​​- isiteketiso se-protagonist-khange babuqonde ububele kunye nokuziphatha okuhle kukaMario nabantu abavela kwezona klasi zihlelelekileyo. Okokugqibela, umlinganiswa ophambili uyavuma ukuba wayethandana nomhlobo wobuntwana (wafunga) akazange akhule. Umdlalo uyavalwa ngesicelo sikaCarmen sokuxolelwa ngumyeni wakhe.