Enye into ejijekileyo.
Ipapashwe ngo-1898, Enye into ejijekileyo Ngoyena mntu waziwa kakhulu kwaye wathetha kakhulu ngomsebenzi wombhali oqaqambileyo kunye nomgxeki wezoncwadi uHenry James. Inoveli yeziporho kunye neziporho kwisitayile esona sithembekileyo samabali "emveli" gothic. Kodwa ngesishwankathelo sezinto ezintsha kunye nezinto ezintsha ezishiya abafundi bethe nqa njengoko banelisekile.
Umbhali yenye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo ekuboniseni ukubonwa koncwadi. Ngapha koko, ithatha le ngcamango ukuya kumda. Phantse akunakwenzeka ukwenza uphononongo lwale noveli ngaphandle kokutyhila iinkcukacha ezithile zeli bali (elidume ngokuba yi nabaphangi). Nangona kule meko, ukwazi izinto ezithile kwangaphambili akunakwenza umahluko omkhulu.
Malunga nombhali, uHenry James
Elinye lawona magama abaluleke kakhulu kuncwadi lwesi-Anglo-Saxon lobunyani kunye nolwanamhlanje. Kwabaninzi, Enye into ejijekileyo -Ngaphandle konyaka wokuphehlelelwa kwayo - ibonisa ngokusesikweni indawo yokuqalisa kwentshukumo yanamhlanje. Yeyiphi, oonobumba abalawulayo kulwimi lwesiNgesi kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane yama-XNUMX.
UHenry James Wazalelwa eNew York ngo-Ephreli 15, 1843, kwintsapho ecebileyo. Uyise, elangazelela abantwana bakhe ukuba bafumane umhlaba ngamehlo abo, wamthumela ukuba aye kufunda eYurophu. Wayezinze eParis emva koko eLondon. Kule dolophu yokugqibela wayeza kuchitha ixesha elininzi lobomi bakhe.
Imikhwa eqondayo
Imibhalo yakhe ibisemilebeni yabafundi abaninzi okoko yavela. Nangona kunjalo, ukuthengisa okuvelisiweyo kwakungonelanga ukuba uJames aphile ngokulula. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuzange kumthintele ukuba angaphazanyiswa kwizangqa eziphakamileyo zoohlohlesakhe baseYurophu, ngakumbi abaseBritane.
Ngokwendlela umbhali ngokwakhe avumile ngayo, ezona ngxoxo zintle zafunyanwa "ngokulala." Ngamanye amagama, ngokumamela rhoqo kwiincoko eziqhelekileyo zamaNgesi eziphezulu, umbhali waseMelika ugqibile ukupholisha imiba ethile yomsebenzi wakhe.
"Akukho mntu ungumprofeti elizweni lakhe"
EUnited States, ebudeni bamashumi amabini eminyaka yokuqala yenkulungwane yama-XNUMX, imibhalo yakhe ayizange ivuselele ihlombe phakathi kwabagxeki. Nangona kunjalo-ngaphaya kokuqwalaselwa koncwadi-uhlalutyo olusetyenziselwa ukuzithoba kakhulu. Ewe, ngokusisiseko yayizizikhalazo kumbhali ngesigqibo sakhe sokuhlala njengomphambukeli.
IBritane ekugqibeleni
Ngaphambi nje kokuba asweleke, kwafika isahluko sokuqinisekisa ngekhefu likaJames nelizwe lakhe lokuzalwa. Xa i-Bhritane yenziwa ilizwe ngo-1915 ngoqhankqalazo emva kwesigqibo se-United States sokungazibandakanyi neAllies ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu. Ukuziphindezela, Ngexesha lokufa kwakhe, Iincwadi zabo phantse anyamalale ezishelfini kwiivenkile ezithengisa iincwadi zaseMelika.
UHenry James.
Okwangoku, umsebenzi wokubhala kaHenry James uhlala uxabiswa ngokungaphezulu, kodwa "uxolelwaniso" kunye nesizwe saseMelika sisekude ukuba sigqibe. Kunzima ukuqonda Kusekho amacandelo ngaphakathi "komanyano" aphikisana nokuwunika ukufaneleka kwawo. Kangangokuba beze kumgxotha njengomnye umbhali wesiNgesi "obandayo".
Uhlalutyo Enye into ejijekileyo
Ungayithenga inoveli apha: Enye into ejijekileyo
Isihloko sale noveli yinkcazo yemigaqo. Ibali lakhe lijikeleza uncwadi olothusayo kunye neemfihlakalo ezingaphezu kwendalo ngendlela enokuthi ibe yinto eqhelekileyo ayisekho. Kwimeko, yincwadi enomxholo omnyama kunye negothic, ebekwe kwindlu emnyama yama-Victorian emaphethelweni eLondon, singqongwe ngamahlathi ashinyeneyo.
Ukugqibezela i-cocktail, phakathi kwabalinganiswa kukho iziporho ezimbalwa, amanani abo "iirekhodi zobomi" zingcoliswe zizono ezingenakuxoleleka. Ngokukodwa, Ityala eliyinkunzi beliya kuba kukunikezela ekuhendweni kwenyama ... isini esingathembekanga (umxholo oqhelekileyo kuYakobi, obangela ubutshaba ngakumbi).
Akukho nto ibonakala ngathi?
Abalinganiswa abaphambili be Enye into ejijekileyo ngabantwana abamsulwa "abamsulwa" (Flora and Miles). Yeyiphi, ngelo xesha, emele ukujija okunqabileyo. Ngokufanayo, ukukhula kugcwele ziziporho, kufile, kwaye isini yayiyindibaniselwano "yomelele kakhulu". Ke, kubafundi abaninzi kunye nabagxeki boncwadi bexesha lakhe, yayingelilo iqhinga elilula lokwetyisa.
Ngayiphi na imeko, eyona nto inokubangela ukuba uYakobi asebenzise umbono wakhe. Apho ukubaliswa kwebali kugxilwe kuphela kumlingisi wolawulo (ophetheyo wokukhathalela aba bantwana bakhankanyiweyo). Ke, abafundi (kunye nabalinganiswa) banamava kuphela kule ntombazana ineminyaka engama-20 yokutyhila iimfihlakalo ezenzekileyo.
Umbalisi ongathembekanga
UJames ubeka kubafundi bakhe ingxaki engenakuphepheka, ethi, kuxhomekeke kwisigqibo esifikelwe ngumntu ngamnye, iya kuba nefuthe kutoliko lokugqibela olunikezwe ebalini. Ngale ndlela, Inqaku eliphakamisa imibuzo emininzi kukuba kuphela kukuhamba kuphela okwaziyo ukubona iziporho kunye neziporho. Ngaba ziyenzeka ngokwenene iziganeko zeparanormal okanye konke kuxhomekeke kulo mfazi?
UHenry James ucaphula.
Ukongeza, omnye wabalinganiswa abasesekondari, umntu ogcina indlu ongenalwazi kwaye onentliziyo entle, uyothuswa yiminyhadala engaphaya kwendalo yendlu enkulu. Ngokuqinisekileyo le ntombazana ayikaze ikubone nakuphi na ukubonakala komoya. Ngokufanelekileyo, uloyiko lwakhe lusekwe kuphela kuloyiko oluqalwa ngokumamela amabali katitshala oselula.
Umtsalane othintelweyo
Ukongeza umbuzo ongaphezulu kumfanekiso we umhambi omncinci kwaye mhle, utsala umtsalane kumalume wabalinganiswa abaphambili. Ikwangumgcini osemthethweni emva kokubhubha kwabazali bemvelo babantwana.
Okwangoku, into engamashumi amabini anolu hlobo lweemvakalelo- ngamanye amaxesha ichazwa ngakumbi njengomtsalane kunenkanuko yeemvakalelo zeplatonic- kwanele ukubeka ukungathandabuzeki kwisigqibo sakhe esihle. Ukudityaniswa kwezi zinto kunye nezinye kuvusa amathandabuzo ngabafundi.
Umsebenzi ogqithisileyo kuyo yonke imigaqo
UJames uliphuhlisa ngqo ibali lakhe, ngokuchaseneyo nesimbo esiphambili kubuninzi bokubalisa kwakhe. Ke ngoko, iinkcazo zikhawulelwe ekunikezeleni ngeenkcukacha ezinxulumene nokuseta, kodwa ngaphandle kokugcoba. Apho iimoyikiso (ezoyikisayo) ezithi zihanjiswe ngumgcini zigcine kwaye zikhulise uxinzelelo kwiphepha ngephepha.
Nabo bantu bangakhange bafunde Enye into ejijekileyo, Ngokuqinisekileyo bafumene umsebenzi othile ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo ngeli bali. Phakathi kokuninzi kokulungelelaniswa kwefilimu, kukho enye enomoya ocacileyo obonisa imeko-bume eyenziwe nguJames: Abanye (2001) nguAlejandro Amenábar.