Arthur conan doyle

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (1859 - 1930) aive munyori weScotland uyo akapinda munhoroondo semuvambi wemuongorori ane mukurumbira Sherlock Holmes. Nekudaro, ipfupi kwazvo kutsanangura uyu akatanhamara akangwara pasina kufunga nezve dzimwe nzvimbo kunze kweyeye mutikitivha. Eya, munyori weBritain aivewo nebasa rakatanhamara rekutapa uye aive munhu anoyemurwa neruzhinji.

Mamwe ese ezvinyorwa zvake zvakasikwa zvakanyanya, achifukidza anopfuura makumi matanhatu mazita. Kusanganisira, Hondo huru yeBoer (1900) uye Nyika yakarasika (1912) ingangove inozivikanwa kwazvo. Uyezve, Doyle akaburitsa akati wandei enhoroondo, erudo, uye erudo emanoveli. ngano yesainzipamwe nenyaya dzinonakidza, mitambo, mabhuku enhetembo, zvinyorwa uye nhoroondo yeupenyu.

Biography

Uduku

Akabhabhatidzwa nezita raArthur Ignatius Conan Doyle, akazvarwa musi waMay 22, 1859, muElinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom. Akakurira mumhuri yakapfuma yeIreland Katurike, anochengetedza zvakanyanya uye ane mukurumbira wakanaka munyika yehunyanzvi yeGreat Britain. Amai vake, Mary Foley, vaiziva kusanganisa (uye kupfuudza kuvana vavo) kuda kwake kwetsamba nezvisungo zvemusha.

Kune rimwe divi, Charles, baba vake vaive shasha yekugadzira (akaenzanisira kavha ye Dzidza muScarlet, bhuku rekutanga rinotarisana naHolmes). Asi aive chidhakwa chakazara, kwaakaramba ari mumasangano ezvehutano kanoverengeka. Saizvozvo, kurwara kwababa vake kwakaita kuti vanababamunini vachengete mucheche Arthur paakanga aine makore 9 ekuberekwa.

Kuyaruka uye kudzidza

Kutanga muna 1968, vechidiki Doyle akadzidza kuStonyhurst Saint Mary's Hall Jesuit College (yekugadzirira chikoro chebhodhingi), iri muLancashire, England. Ikoko akarondedzera nhoroondo dzake dzekutanga. Muna 1870 akaendeswa kunzvimbo huru - Stonyhurst College - kusvika muna 1875 akaenderera mberi nezvidzidzo zvake paJesuit Stella Matutina Chikoro muFeldkirch, Austria.

Kwapera gore, akapinda University of Edinburgh kudzidza zvokurapa. Iyi sarudzo yakashamisa hama dzake dzese (vaitenda kuti achadzidza hunyanzvi). Pamwe pamwe nezvidzidzo zvake zvepamusoro, Doyle akamiririra imba yake yezvidzidzo mumitambo yakasiyana (rugby, gorofu uye tsiva). Chii chimwe, akaburitsa yake pfupi pfupi nyaya Chakavanzika cheSasassa Valley (1879) mu  Chambers Edinburgh Chinyorwa.

Kuyambuka

Muna 1880, Arthur Doyle akapedza kosi yake yekuvhiya seArctic muchikepe che whaler. Mwaka wakatevera akapedza kudzidza sechiremba uye muna 1885 akapedza degree rake redoctorate. Panguva iyi, aive nenguva yekutora rwendo kuyambuka kumadokero kwemahombekombe eAfrica muna 1882 ndokutanga kunyora mabhuku ake ekutanga. Mazhinji emavara aya akafuridzirwa nerwendo rwake rwegungwa.

Saizvozvo, kuYunivhesiti yeElinburgh uye mukirabhu yayo yekiriketi akasangana nevanyori venguva yemberi yechimiro chaJames Barrie naRobert L. Stevenson. Munguva iyoyo, Doyle akatanga nzira yake yemweya kukuvadza chiKaturike. Muchokwadi, mamwe makore gare gare akaburitsa akati wandei zvinyorwa zvine chekuita neazvino zve "psychic chitendero".

Kubva pamushonga kuenda kumabhuku

Doyle akagadzira mahofisi maviri ekurapa, kutanga muPortsmouth uye gare gare muLondon. Muzviitiko zvese izvi, haana kuburitsa mibairo inodiwa kuti basa rake rirambe riripo. Nekudaro, mamiriro ezvinhu aya akamusiira yakawanda nguva yekunyora. Nenzira iyi, zvinyorwa zvemanyoro mafupi zvakabuda se Nyaya yaJ. Habakuk Jephson (1884) kana Chakavanzika cheCloomber (1889).

Unogona kutenga bhuku pano: Sherlock Holmes, Dzidza muScarlet

Saizvozvowo, game Chidzidzo muScotlet (1887) munyori weBritish akatanga nhepfenyuro yemutikitivha ane mukurumbira wenguva dzese: Sherlock Holmes. Kunyangwe kubwinya kwakawanikwa nekuda kwechimiro chemufananidzo achiperekedzwa nemubatsiri wake akavimbika, Dr. Watson, Doyle akauya kuzosemesa uyu protagonist. Munyori weScotland akatouraya "Holmes" munhaurwa ine nharo yakanzi Dambudziko rekupedzisira.

Michato

Raive gore ra1885 apo Arthur Doyle akaroora Louisa Hawkins, amai vevana vake vaviri vekutanga. Muna 1883 akaonekwa aine chirwere chetibhii, mamiriro akakonzera kufa kwake mumaoko aDoyle makore gumi nematatu gare gare. Muna 13, munyori weElinburgh akaroora Jean Leckie, svikiro remidzimu waakamboita naye nyaya kweanopfuura makore gumi. Vaviri ava vaive nevamwe vana vatatu.

El changamire

Muna 1900, Doyle akaburitsa Hondo YeBoer Huru. Iyo manifesto inoruramisa kutora chikamu kwehumambo hweBritain muhondo yezita rimwechetero yakaitika kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica. Chinyorwa ichi chakarumbidzwa nevakuru veUnited Kingdom. Kusvika pakuti Akapedzisira ave knighted weOrder yeBritain Humambo. Kubva ipapo, akabatwa sa "changamire."

Zvemidzimu

Munyori weScotland akaburitsa akati wandei akanyorwa ane chekuita nekutenda kwake uye akazova muratidziri anoshingaira mukati memakore ake ekupedzisira ehupenyu. Zvikuru zvekuti akazopedzisira atsamwira shamwari yake Harry Houdini uye akatsigira zvinokonzeresa zvinokonzeresa (senge zvipupuriro zveavo vane chekuita nenyaya yefaindi dzeCottingley, semuenzaniso).

Zvakare, muna 1929 Doyle haana hanya nemutemo wekuzorora waAngina Pectoris uye akafunga kuenda kunodzidzisa zvemweya muNetherlands.. Paakadzokera kumba kuCrowborough, England, aive akarara pamubhedha nekuda kwekurwadziwa pachipfuva. Paakamuka kekupedzisira muna Chikunguru 7, 1930, akarohwa mubindu rake.

Nzvimbo yekuvaka

Pamusoro penyaya dzinopfuura makumi matanhatu dzakapararira pamusoro pemanovhiri mana uye nyaya zhinji dzakatarisana naHolmes naDr John Watson, Doyle ndiye munyori webhuku rakakura kwazvo, ese emanyepo uye asiri emanyepo. Kunyangwe kupfuura kwake kuburikidza nechikoro chekurapa cheYunivhesiti yeElinburgh muna 1876 kwaive kwakasarudzira basa rake. Nekuti ipapo akazove mudzidzi waJoseph Bell.

Kuvaka iyo Sherlock Holmes hunhu

Dr Bell vakafadza mudiki Doyle nekuda kwekujeka kwemaitiro ake ekubvisa. Izvo - mukubatanidzwa kwekuyemura hunhu hwaEdgar Allan Poe waDetective Dupin - akaumba kufunga kwesayiti yake mutikitivha. Kunyangwe kubiwa senzira yekuwana chokwadi chemhosva chakadzidzwa zviri pamutemo kubvira pakati pezana ramakore rechimakumi maviri.

Pakati pevadzidzi vane zvimwe zvichangoburwa pamusoro penyaya iyi, K. Clemens Franken (2015) inosimbisa iyo neuralgic hunhu hwe data rakacherechedzwa. Panguva iyoyo, dzidziso yakavakirwa pane zvine musoro nharo ndiyo kiyi yekugadzirisa chero chakavanzika. Naizvozvo, chero mhando yesainzi inopindurika mhinduro, yakavakirwa pane esoteric, mashura kana zvitendero zvisina tsarukano, inorambidzwa kunze.

Sherlock Holmes zvinyorwa

• Dzidza muScarlet (1887). Novel.
• Chiratidzo chemana (1890). Novel.
• Iyo Adventures yaSherlock Holmes (1891-92).
• Tsamba dzaSherlock Holmes (1892-93).
• Hound yebasikerville (1901-02). Novel
• Kudzoka kwaSherlock Holmes (1903-04).
• Uta hwake hwekupedzisira (1908-17).
• Mupata wekutyisa (1914-15).
• Iyo Sherlock Holmes Archive (1924-26).

Mamwe mabasa ane mukurumbira aSir Arthur Conan Doyle

Nyeredzi Prof. Challenger

Unogona kutenga bhuku pano:

Nyika yakarasika

• Nyika yakarasika (1912).
• Nzvimbo ine chepfu (1913).
• Pakachema Pasi (1928).
• Muchina unopararira (1929).
• Iyo nyika yemhute (1926).
• Gomba rakadzikadzika reMaracot (1929).

Nhoroondo dzezvakaitika kare

• Mika clarke (1888)
• Kambani yevarungu (1891).
• Mumvuri mukuru (1892).
• Rodney ibwe (1896).
• Sekuru Bernac (1897).
• Natural zvidzidzo (1901).
• Changamire Nigel (1906).
• Zvakaitwa naBrigadier Gerard (1896).
• Iyo Adventures yaBrigadier Gerard (1903).
• Muchato waBrigadier (1910).

Dzimwe dzenyaya dzake dzinozivikanwa kwazvo, zvinyorwa uye madhishuwa

• Kaputeni wePolestar nedzimwe ngano (1890).
• Iko kukuru kweKeinplatz kuyedza (1890).
• Izvo zvinoitwa naRaffles Haw (1891).
• Jane Annie kana iyo Yakanaka Mufambiro Mubairo (1893)
• Shamwari Yangu Mhondi uye Zvimwe Zvakavanzika neZviitiko (1893).
• Denderedzwa neRed Lamp (1894). Chinyorwa pane zvekurapa maitiro.
• Tsamba dzeStark Munro (1895).
• Nziyo dzeChiito (1898).
• Nhamo yaKorosko (1898).
• KuDuet (1899).
• Hondo YeBoer Huru (1900).
• Kuburikidza nechidzitiro (1907).
• Denderedzwa Nhau Dzemoto (1908).
• Mhosva yeCongo (1909).
• Iyo yakarasika gallery (1911).
• Zvinotyisa panzvimbo dzakakwirira (1913).
• Mushandirapamwe weBritain muFrance neFlanders: 1914 (1916).
• Chakazarurwa Chitsva (1918).
• Chakavanzika chefairies (1921).
• Ngano dzekutyisa uye dzakavanzika (1923).
• Ndangariro nezviitiko (1924).
• Iye Mutema Chiremba uye Dzimwe Ngano dzeGandanga uye Chakavanzika (1925)
• Kubata kwaCaptain Sharkey (1925).
• Murume waA Arkángel (1925).
• The History of Spiritualism (1926).