Javier Fences
Mazuva ese vashandisi vazhinji veInternet vanobvunza nezve "Javier Cercas mabhuku", uye mhedzisiro yacho ndeye Varwi veSaramisi (2001). Iyi nhoroondo ndeyechina yakapihwa nemunyori, uye iri basa rekusimudzira kunoshamisa mune rake basa. Naye akawana kurumbidzwa kwekushoropodzwa kwemabhuku, achiwana mhinduro dzakanaka. Panyaya iyi, Mario Vargas Llosa akati: "imwe yenhau huru dzenguva yedu."
Munyori akaratidzirwa nekubata rondedzero yakasimba mumanovel ake umo mune hunyanzvi akasanganisa nhoroondo nenhema. Zvisinei nekuburitsa rake rekutanga basa muna 1987, kuzivikanwa kwaro hakuna kusvika kusvika pakutanga kwezana ramakumi maviri nemasere.. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti panguva iyoyo yakareba mumumvuri, shamwari huru yakatenda maari nemoyo wese. Icho hachisi chimwe chinhu uye hapana chiri pasi peChilean munyori Roberto Bolaño, uyo anotsigira kuti Javier ane tarenda zvakanyanya. Nhasi kuvandudzwa kwemunyori wechiSpanish kwave humbowo hwakavimbika hwekuti Bolaño anga asina kukanganisa.
Imwe nhoroondo yeJavier Cercas
Udiki uye zvidzidzo
Munyori akaberekwa neMuvhuro, Kubvumbi 16, 1962 mutaundi diki reIbahernando mudunhu reCáceres (Extremadura). Akabhabhatidzwa saJosé Javier Cercas Mena. Akagara mwedzi yake yekutanga makumi mana nemasere mutaundi rekumusha kwake, ipapo mhuri yake yemhuri yakatamira kuGerona. Kunyangwe paine kure, Cercas haana kurasikirwa nekubatana nenzvimbo yake yekuzvarwa, asi akaishanyira pazviitiko zvakasiyana panguva yehudiki hwake kuenda kuzororo.
Kubva achiri mudiki kwazvo airatidza kufarira mabhuku, izvo zvakamutungamira kuti adzidze Hispanic Philology kuAutonomous University yeBarcelona.. Mushure mekuwana degree rake muna 1985, akasarudza kuita doctorate mubazi rimwechete paYunivhesiti yeBarcelona, iyo yaakawana makore akazotevera.
Mabhuku ekunyora uye kutanga
Muna 1989 akatanga semudzidzisi paUniversity yeGerona, achidzidzisa makirasi echiSpanish. Panguva iyoyo, munyori anga auya nemabasa ake maviri ekutanga, Nharembozha (1987) uye Roja (1989). Pamusoro pebasa rake semudzidzisi uye munyori, Javier Cercas akanyora zvinyorwa zvinoverengeka uye ongororo yemapepanhau akasiyana. Kubva ipapo kusvika parizvino, akapa zvipo kupepanhau reCatalan, pamwe nezvimwe zvinyorwa zvepepanhau. Nyika.
Mushure mekubudirira kwenhau yake yechina, Varwi veSaramisi (2001), munyori akaburitsa mamwe matanhatu mazita. Izvi zvinosanganisira: Iko kumhanya kwechiedza (2005), Mitemo yemuganhu (2012) Munyengeri (2014) y Terra Alta (2019). Navo akachengetedza mukurumbira wakanaka uye mukurumbira pamberi pevaverengi vake, pamwe nekuzivikanwa kwevaporofesa vakasiyana. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti panosvika 2021 achapa nhamba yake yebasa 11, ichatumidzwa zita: Kuzvimirira.
Mabhuku naJavier Cercas
Varwi veSaramisi (2001)
Iyo inoverengeka yechina yakaburitswa nemunyori, iyo yakamupa iye kuzivikanwa muSpain nepasirese, ichishandurwa mumitauro inodarika makumi maviri. Mumakore ake ekutanga akakwanisa kutengesa anodarika miriyoni imwe emakopi, izvo zvakabvumidza munyori wenhau kuzvipira iye ega mukunyora. Pamusoro pezvo, basa rakashandurwa naDavid Trueba wemufirimu uye akatanga muna 2003.
Zvinyorwa
Varwi veSaramisi ingano yeuchapupu umo nhoroondo inopindirana nenhema. Iyo yakaiswa mumwedzi yekupedzisira yeiyo Spanish Civil War (1939) uye inopa iyo Falangist Rafael Sánchez Mazas semunhu mukuru. Mutambo uyu unotaura nezve mamwe mauto eRepublican akaenda kumuganhu kunotsvaga hutapwa, achipfura vasungwa vanoverengeka vemuFrancoist; Sánchez Maza akakwanisa kutiza kubva mukuuraya uku. Sezvaakatiza, anobatwa nemusoja, anomunongedzera pfuti uye, mushure mekumutarisa, anoponesa hupenyu hwake.
Nyaya inoenderera makore makumi matanhatu gare gare, apo munyori akashungurudzika -Javier Cercas-, netsaona, anodzidza nyaya yacho. Anofarira uye akafadzwa, anotanga kuferefeta zvakadzama mune iyo kesi, achitsvaga akasiyana asingazivikanwe kugadzirisa. Vanhu vakadai saRoberto Bolaño vanopindira muchiitiko ichi, uyo anokurudzira Cercas kutsvaga musoja uyo akanzwira Sánchez Maza tsitsi. Ndiri munzira yekuziva kuti nei "chiito chetsitsi", mutsara mushure memutsara unoburitsa nyaya izere nefrenetic manzwiro ayo anozove neinoshamisa, kana, pamwe, mhinduro dzisingatarisirwe.
Mimwe mibairo yakagamuchirwa:
- Salambó Rondedzero Mubayiro
- Cálamo Mubayiro 2001 (Bhuku reGore)
- Guta reBarcelona Mubairo
Anatomy yechinguva (2009)
Iyo nhoroondo inotsanangura zviitiko zve23F - kubvunda kwakabatirwa muSpain muna 1981--. Iri rinotorwa sebhuku rakasarudzika uye rinonakidza. Mushure mekuferefetwa kwakazara naCercas, akagumisa kuti nhoroondo yekunyepedzera yaisazokudza zvakaitika. Munyori akaisa pfungwa pakuratidza kuverenga kwechiitiko uye kuburitsa pachena zvikonzero zvaivepo kuti zviitike.
Kupokana
Seizvo zita rayo rinoratidza, rinoyeuka imwe nguva munhoroondo yeSpain, yakakosha kwazvo yakaitika masikati e23F, apo boka rakapinda muCongress of Deputies. Munyori anoita chirevo chakasarudzika chinzvimbo cheMutungamiri Adolfo Suárez, uyo akaramba akamira pachigaro chake apo coupiles projectile yairira mumitambo yemitambo.
Panguva imwecheteyo, Captain General Gutiérrez Mellado —Vice President- naSantiago Carrillo —Secretary General- vakaramba vane chinzvimbo chimwe chete nemutungamiri wenyika, vakaramba vasina kufamba apo vamwe vaparamende vaitsvaga pekupotera. Pasina skimping pane ruzivo, ichi chinyorwa chinonyatso kutora muverengi kune chaiyo nguva yekubvuta uye zvazvinoita panhoroondo yeSpain.
Mambo wemumvuri (2017)
Iyi ndiyo ye9 munyori munyori. Mariri, Cercas akasarudzazve kuchengetedza rake rekare rondedzero uye kushandisa iyo Spanish Civil War senguva yekumisikidza. Nguva ino, munyori akasarudza kutaura nyaya yaManuel Mena - sekuru vake amai vamai-, uyo ane makore gumi nemanomwe akabatana nechikwata chaFranco. Iko ruzivo rweveruzhinji kuti madzitateguru aCercas maFalangist, chitendero chezvematongerwo enyika kwaakasiyana nacho. Neichi chikonzero, kunyora nezve uyu mutambo kwaive kwakaomera munyori uye panguva imwechete kuyanana nezvake zvekare.
Kupokana
Cercas - uyo anoita semunyori murungano - anotsanangura Manuel Mena, mureza anopinda muchikwata chevarwi veFrancoist. Jaya iri rakakuvadzwa zvakafa muHondo yeEbro, mushure mekupedza makore maviri vachirwira chikonzero. Iyo nyaya yakataurwa nemunyori izere nemanzwiro, kuseka uye kuita. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti munyori pachake anotora basa iri se: "mugumo wechokwadi wechirongwa che Varwi veSaramisi".
