Magana daga Carmen Laforet.
Nada (1945) wani labari ne da aka saita a garin marubucinsa, Carmen Laforet daga Barcelona, a cikin shekarun bayan yakin basasa. Labari ne wanda jarumar ta kasance wata matashiya da ta iso Barcelona don fara karatun jami'a. A wancan lokacin, al'ummar Kataloniya ta kasance a cikin tsaka mai wuya ta tattalin arziki da zamantakewa.
Marubucin Iberian ya siffanta waccan yanayi mara kyau da ɗanyen harshe, kai tsaye kuma marar yanke hukunci. A dalilin haka, Wannan labari yana wakiltar "tremendismo", salon labari wanda Camilo José Cela ya kaddamar tare da Iyalin Pascal Duarte (1942). Ba banza ba, Nada Shi ne littafin lashe kyautar Nadal da Fastenrath a wannan shekarar da aka buga.
Takaitawa na Nada
barka da zuwa
Andrea ya isa Barcelona da asuba a kan wani jirgin kasa daban da aka tsara a farkon misali, don haka, babu wani dangi da ke jiranta a tashar. Yarinyar ta ji daɗin kallon dare da ta yi a garin wanda ya cika ta da bege tun tana ƙarama. Amma jin ya dushe lokacin da suka isa sabon gidansu. A can wata kaka ta ruɗe ta tarbe ta da kuma zagin Anti Angustias na canza jiragen ƙasa.
Hakazalika, sauran dangin—Uncle Juan da matarsa Gloria, Antonia ( kuyanga) da Uncle Román—suna kallon cike da haushi. Wallahi gidan yayi kura. babu ruwan zafi na bandaki (datti) kuma rashin hankali ya mamaye divan da aka tanadar wa budurwar. Irin wannan hargitsin dai na faruwa ne sakamakon tarin kayan daki bayan an sayar da rabin gida don magance matsalolin tattalin arziki.
Rayuwa ta yau da kullun mara kyau
Tausayin yakin ya bayyana a fatar Barcelona da kuma fuskar 'yan kasarta. Wannan yana zurfafa ɓarna na mazauna sabon gidan Andrea, inda ake shaƙa gulma, saɓani da tattaunawa akai-akai (wasu masu ƙarfi) kullum. Uncle Roman ne kawai ya rage a gefe na makirci, yana mai da hankali kan al'amuransa da kan violin.
A gefe guda, Angustias yana da iko tare da protagonist, ko da yake daga lokaci zuwa lokaci yana nuna ƙauna da karewa. Daga karshe, Andrea ta fahimci cewa dole ne ta ware kanta don tsira daga ciwon hauka da ke faruwa a gidan. Don haka ne ma yakan shafe mafi yawan lokutansa a Jami'ar, wanda hakan ke ba shi damar samun sabbin abokai. Ta haka ne ya kulla dangantaka ta kut da kut da Ena da Pons.
Matsaloli suna kara muni
Ena, Budurwar Jaime, yarinya ce daga dangi masu arziki; wanda ke ba shi damar kula da Andrea ga abubuwan ciye-ciye da abubuwan sha. Wannan na ƙarshe yanke shawarar ba shi - ta hanyar diyya - rigar da Goggo tayi mata. Wannan aikin alheri ya kawo matsala ga jarumin a lokacin abincin dare na Kirsimeti tare da iyali (wani lamari mai cike da farin ciki na karya da tashin hankali).
A wannan lokacin, jarumin ya riga ya san irin zagin da Uncle Juan ya yi a jiki da na baki ga matarsa Gloria. Ba da daɗewa ba, Anti Angustias ta zaɓi ta ɓoye kanta a cikin gidan zuhudu. Saboda haka, Andrea ya fi jin rashin tsaro kuma tare da rashin barci mai yawa saboda fadace-fadacen gida da kuma aku na Roman. Mafi muni, yarinyar za ta iya ba da burodin karin kumallo kawai.
Matsaloli da haɗe-haɗe
Fitowar da Ena da Jaime kawai suke yi suna kwantar da yunwa da wahalar Andrea. Yayin da makonni ke tafiya, tana fadada abokanta kuma ta shafe yawancin kwanakinta tana karatu a ɗakin karatu na jami'a. A cikin layi daya, dangantakar da Ena ta zama ɗan ban mamaki saboda ƙarshen ya fara wani al'amari mai ban sha'awa tare da Uncle Román.
Don haka, jarumar ta nemi kawarta da ta daina ziyartarta na ƴan kwanaki. Kafin nan, Pons ya yanke shawarar zuwa kotu Andrea, amma a ƙarshe bai cimma burinsa ba. A kowane hali, yarinyar ta sadu da wasu masu fasaha da suke abokan yaron kuma yanayin bohemian yana taimaka mata ta shawo kan matsalolinta.
Yanke shawara
Daga baya, Andrea a hankali ya san mahaifiyar Ena. A bayyane yake, wannan matar tana da tunani mai zurfi tare da Kogin Román. Don haka, Zaton jarumar ya karu har sai da Ena ta bayyana makircinta: don ta lalata Román sannan ta bar shi a wulakance... Ta haka za ku iya rama wa mahaifiyarku mutunci.
A ƙarshe Ena ta tafi Madrid bayan ta cimma burinta kuma Román ta yanke shawarar kashe kanta da reza. Duk da haka, a cikin gidan iyali, an zargi Anti Gloria da aka zalunta don dukan bala'in da ya faru, ciki har da zargin cewa ita ce sanadin mutuwar Roman. A rufe, Andrea ta bi sawun kawarta kuma ta yi bankwana da alkawarin aiki a babban birnin kasar.
Game da marubucin, Carmen Laforet
Haihuwa, yarinta da kuruciya
Carmen Laforet.
An haifi Carmen Laforet Díaz a Barcelona a ranar 6 ga Satumba, 1921. Bayan shekaru biyu, ita—ya ce babbar ’yar aure tsakanin wani masanin Catalan da wani malami daga Toledo. Iyayenta ne suka mayar da ita Gran Canaria. Ƙannensa ƙaunataccen, Eduardo da Juan, an haife su a wannan tsibirin. Abin takaici, mahaifiyar ta mutu 'yan shekaru bayan an haifi na ƙarshe.
A nasa bangaren, Mista Laforet bai ɗauki lokaci mai tsawo ya sake yin aure ba, amma ƙaramar Carmen ba ta ƙulla dangantaka mai kyau da uwarsa ba. Wannan lamari dai marubucin ya bayyana ta ta hanyar marayu da dama daga cikin manyan jaruman sa. Wannan shine batun Andrea (Nada), Maria Way in Tsibirin da aljanunsa (1952) da Martin Soto in Insolation (1963).
Sana'ar adabi da aure
Da zaran yakin basasar Spain ya ƙare, Laforet ya koma Barcelona da niyyar karatun Falsafa. Duk da haka, bai kammala wannan tseren ba ko kuma karatunsa na shari'a, wanda ya fara a Jami'ar Tsakiya ta Madrid a 1942. Waɗancan waɗanda suka yi watsi da su sune farkon ƙaddamar da shirin. Nada a cikin 1945, wani halartaccen adabi wanda masu suka da masu karatu suka yaba. Kamar yadda aka ce, wannan labari ya fito ne don salon ba da labari na "tremendismo", wanda Camilo José Cela ya kaddamar tare da shi. Iyalin Pascal Duarte.
A shekara mai zuwa, Carmen Laforet ya auri Manuel Cerazales - dan jarida kuma mai sukar adabi-, Wanda ta yi aure da su har zuwa 1970 kuma ta haifi 'ya'ya biyar. A cikin wannan lokaci ya wallafa gajerun litattafai guda biyar, littattafan labarai uku da jagororin tafiya guda biyu (ban da littafai biyu masu nasara da aka ambata a sashin da ya gabata).
Ritaya daga rayuwar jama'a da sabbin sakewa
Tabbas, Marubucin Barcelona ba shi da faffadan samar da adabi, mai yiwuwa saboda matsin lamba da ya zo da irin wannan nasara mai cike da rudani.. Har ila yau, a ƙarshen 1970s, marubucin ya nuna alamun farko na cutar Alzheimer. Sakamakon haka, ana ganinsa da yawa a cikin jama'a.
A ranar 28 ga Fabrairu, 2004, Carmen Laforet ya mutu a Majadahonda, Community of Madrid; yana da shekaru 82 a duniya. Kafin mutuwarta, labarun "Rosamunda" da "Al Colegio" sun bayyana a cikin tarihin tarihin Mutanen Espanya. tatsuniyoyi na wannan karni (1995) y uwa da mata (1996), bi da bi.
Sauran wallafe-wallafe
- labaran adabi (1977), tattare da dukkan labaransa da aka buga har zuwa yau;
- Zan iya dogara da ku (2003), wasiƙa.
wallafe-wallafen bayan mutuwa
- Wasika don don Juan (2007), Littafin da ya tattara duk gajerun labarun Laforet;
- Romeo y Julieta (2008), tarin dukkan labaransa na soyayya;
- Zuciya da Ruhi (1947-1952) (2017), wasiƙa.