Babu labarai daga gurb

Babu labarai daga gurb labari ne mai ban dariya wanda ɗan asalin Spain Eduardo Mendoza ya ƙirƙiro. Jaridar ce ta fitar da bugu na farko El País tsakanin 1 ga watan Agusta zuwa 25, 1990. Shekarar mai zuwa, Seix Barral ya fara gabatar da shi cikin tsarin littafi. Labarin ya faru ne a cikin garin Barcelona a cikin lokacin kafin Wasannin Olympics na 1992.

Labarin yana kwaikwayon littafin baƙon da ke neman Gurb, baƙon da ya ɗauki bayyanar mawaƙa-marubuciya Martha Sánchez. Mendoza ya yi amfani da adadi na baƙi don nuna halin rashin hankali da ɗabi'ar mabukata ta mutanen Katalan da kuma mutanen Spain a lokacin. Inda mutane ke nuna hali ta hanyar tallafi da kuma hangen nesa, wanda aka yaudare ta da karfin kudi da rashin jituwa.

Game da marubucin, Eduardo Mendoza Garriga

Eduardo Mendoza mai sanya hoto An haife shi a Barcelona a ranar 11 ga Janairun 1943. Yana da digiri a fannin shari’a, ya kammala karatunsa daga Jami’ar cin gashin kai ta Barcelona. A duk lokacin da yake harkar rubutu ya fi karkata ne zuwa ga batun littafin labari, kodayake ya kuma rubuta fitattun labarai da gajerun labarai. Hakanan, Mendoza ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo, lauya da mai fassara.

Farkon karatunsa ya faru ne yayin da yake zaune a New York (tsakanin 1973 - 1982 ya yi aiki a matsayin mai fassara a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya), tare da Gaskiya game da shari'ar Savolta (1975). Tun daga wannan lokacin, ya bayyana kyakkyawar ma'amalarsa ta albarkatun labarai daban-daban, a cikin ingantaccen salon mahimmanci. Asalin taken littafin shine Sojojin Catalonia, amma an sake shi saboda takunkumin Franco. Hakan ya bashi lambar yabo ga masu sukar labarin Castilian.

Tarihin tarihin litattafansa, kasidu da kuma fitattun kyaututtukan sa

• Asirin fatalwar fatalwa. Jerin masu binciken sirri marasa sani, barkwanci tare da fasali na baƙar fata da ɗan littafin goge (1979).
• Labyrinth na zaitun. Jerin Jami'in Da Ba a Sansu ba (1982).
• Nueva York. Tambaya (1986).
• Garin almubazzaranci. Littafin labari (1986). Kyautar City of Barcelona 1987. Kyautar Mafi Kyawun Littafin Shekara, Mujalla karanta (Faransa)
• Tsibirin da ba a taɓa ji ba. Littafin labari (1989).
• Modernist Barcelona. Essay (marubucin marubuci tare da 'yar'uwarta Cristina Mendoza; 1989).
• Shekarar ambaliyar. Littafin labari (1992).
• Haske mai ban dariya. Littafin labari (1996). Kyautar Littafin Kasashen Waje mafi kyau (Faransa).
• Baroja, da musu. Rubutun tarihin kansa (2001).
• Aaddamar da boudoir na kuskure. Jerin Jami'in Ba da sani Ba (2001). Kyauta don Mafi kyawun Littafin shekara 2002, Gremio de Libreros de Madrid.
• Tafiya ta ƙarshe ta Horacio Dos. Littafin labari wanda aka sanya ta kashi-kashi a El País (2002).
• Mauritius ko zaɓen farko. Littafin labari (2006).
• Wanene ya tuna Armando Palacio Valdés? Tambaya (2007).
• Tafiya mai ban mamaki na Pomponio Flato. Littafin labari (2008). Kyautar Pen Pen 2009.
• Rayuka Guda Uku (Whale, Endarshen Dubslav da Rashin Fahimta). Littafin Labari (2009).
• Cat fada. Madrid 1936. Littafin labari (2010). Kyautar Planet.
• Hanyar zuwa makaranta. Labarin yara (2011).
• Gwagwarmayar jaka da rayuwa. Jerin Jami'in Bayanai (2012).
• Asirin samfurin da ya ɓace. Jerin Jami'in Bayanai (2015).
• Kyautar Franz Kafka 2015.
• Kyautar Cervantes 2016.
• Me ke faruwa a yankin Kataloniya? Tambaya (2017).
• Sarki ya karɓa. Trilogy Dokokin Motsi (2018).
• Cinikin yin da yang. Trilogy na Dokokin Motsi (2019).
• Me yasa muka ƙaunaci juna sosai. Rubutun tarihin kansa (2019).

Analysis of Babu labarai daga gurb (1991)

Yanayi da muhawara

Wurin shine Barcelona a jajibirin JJ. OO. Duk da yake baƙon da ke neman Gurp ya ratsa cikin birni, ya bayyana halaye da salon rayuwar mazaunanta. Birni ne mai cike da tsattsauran shirye-shirye don babban taron wasanni na duniya. Wuraren da ake budewa a gefen tituna, da zirga zirgar ababen hawa da kishin wasan kwallon kafa suna da ban mamaki.

A saboda wannan dalili, marubucin - ta hanyar izgili da saɓani - yana sukar fifikon magana da yawan amfani da kayayyaki. Hakanan, Mendoza ya bayyana halin rashin tausayi na zamantakewar zamani game da yanayin da lafiyar ɗan adam. Inda irony shine jin da ke tare da al'amuran; kamar yadda aka gani a cikin wadannan yanki:

"goma sha biyar. 15. Na fada cikin wani rami da Kamfanin Ruwa na Barcelona ya bude.

15. 04. Na fada cikin wani rami da Kamfanin Waya ta Kasa ya bude.
16. 05. Na fada cikin wani rami da ƙungiyar makwabta ta buɗe akan titin Córcega ”.

Personajes

Baƙon da ba a sani ba

Kwamandan (sunan da ba a san shi ba) na jirgin ya ba da labarin abubuwan da suka faru a farkon mutum ta hanyar bayanin kula a cikin littafinsa. Mai ba da labarin yana kwafin samfurin mutane daban-daban yayin da ya saba da rayuwa a Duniya. Yana farawa tare da bayyanar Count-Duke na Olivares. Bayan haka, ana canza shi zuwa siffofin Miguel de Unamuno, Isoroku Yamamoto ko Alfonso V de León, da sauransu.

Gurbi

Kamar abokin aikinsa wanda ba a san sunansa ba, Gurb baƙon baƙon abu ne. Ya yanke shawara ya ɗauki nau'in mawaƙa mai suna Martha Sánchez. Baƙon nan biyu suna buƙatar juna don samun damar komawa zuwa taurarin su, bayan sauka a kusa da Barcelona saboda lalacewar jirgin su. Koyaya, shine farkon wanda zai fita don bincika yadda rayuwa take a cikin babban birni kuma abokin aikinsa ya tafi neman shi daga baya.

Mista Joaquín da Doña Mercedes

Tsofaffi ne guda biyu da suka mallaki mashaya da mai ba da labarin yakan ziyarta. Suna haɓaka kyakkyawar abokantaka tare da baƙon duniyar, wanda ya zama amintaccen haɗi tsakanin su. Har zuwa lokacin da yake ba da kulawar kafa lokacin da aka shigar da Misis Mercedes a asibiti.

Maƙwabcin

Ita matar aure ce, mara aure kuma tana da da, wanda mai labarin ya kamu da soyayyar sa. Duk da kasancewar ba ta damu da tarurrukan al'umma ba (ba kasafai ta ke halartar taron ba), amma an san ta da mutum mai alhakin aiki. Ba zaku taɓa yin baya ba tare da biyan kuɗin karamar hukumar ku. Talakawan baƙo wanda ba a sani ba yana ƙoƙari sau da yawa - a banza - don cin nasarar mace, amma ba ta son hanyoyinsa ko hanyoyinsa.

Tsari da salon littafin labari

Labarin ya kasu kashi 15 ne daidai da adadin ranakun da mai ba da labarin ya yi ta neman Gurb. A kowane ɗayansu, Mendoza ya nuna salon ban dariya da baƙar dariya don bayyana rashin yardarsa game da ƙa'idodin zamantakewar al'umma na wannan lokacin. Hakanan, yana amfani da maimaitawa da niyyar ganganci don haifar da dariya. A saboda wannan dalili, anaphora yana nuna halin taurin (da rashin azanci) na mai ba da labarin.

Hakanan, ana amfani da karin magana don bayar da gudummawa ga ɓangaren ban dariya na almara. Kazalika yin bayani dalla-dalla game da matsalolin baƙi a cikin burinsa na fahimtar ƙa'idodin zamantakewar jama'a. Sakamakon haka, marubucin ya yi iya yin tsokaci mai kakkausar suka game da tsarin zamantakewar yau.

Mahimmancin hangen nesa

Hangen nesa na baƙon ra'ayi da ban sha'awa ya ba mai ba da izini tare da ƙarancin ra'ayi. Sakamakon haka, maganganun kwamandan da ba a sani ba game da lahani na al'umar Catalan suna da gaskiya kamar yadda ba su da laifi, kusan abin da ya faru. Wannan nau'in "halayyar yara" abune sananne sosai a hanyar cin abinci mai hadama.

Ta wani bangaren kuma, marubucin ba shi da wani irin son zuciya ko kyamar da ya gabata da mutane. Wato, abubuwan da suka faru sun bayyana kamar dai duk labaran farko ne. Daga cikin waɗannan maganganun, machismo, rashin daidaito tsakanin zamantakewar al'umma da wasu al'adun da suka shuɗe sun yi fice. Ko ta yaya, baƙi biyu suna son zama a Barcelona har zuwa ƙarshen rayuwarsu.