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Pío Moa is a Spanish essayist, historical revisionist and author. This writer is best known for his works on the history of his country, especially that concerning the last century. The topics most addressed in his books are related to Francoism, the Civil War and the Second Spanish Republic. Moa also alludes to the different political movements of that time, and how they affected the internal functioning of Spain.
Throughout the years, Pío Moa he has accumulated a vast series of detractors because of the line of thought that he exposes in his works. However, the author continues to be considered the main exponent of Spanish historical revisionism, a theme that arose among journalists, writers and historians with the desire to rewrite the events between the Second Republic and the Franco dictatorship.
Biography
GRAPO founder
Luis Pío Moa Rodríguez was born in 1948, in Pontevedra, Vigo, Spain. He studied Journalism at the Official School of Journalism in Madrid. During his youth he was one of the founders of the terrorist movement of Marxist-Leninist and Maoist tendency Groups of Antifascist Resistance First of October (GRIP).
For a long time, this group was the military faction of the Spanish Communist Party, known as the PCE. In the times of Moa next to this armed arm was related to various assaults on the National Movement.
His participation in the events of October 1975, XNUMX
The author also participated in one of the attacks that took place on October 1975, 4, which caused the death of XNUMX national police officers. This series of murders was carried out as revenge for the executions carried out by the Francoist party on various insurgents.
There were 5 deaths from the extremist factions: three executed who were members of the Basque nationalist terrorist organization (Euskadi Ta Askatasuna or ETA), and the other two belonged to the Antifascist and Patriotic Revolutionary Front (FRAP).
The anarchist vendetta was carried out by three GRAPO members, including Pío. The four police officers killed in the revolt were: Agustín Ginés Navarro, Antonio Fernández Ferreiro Joaquín Alonso Bajo and Miguel Castilla Martín.
That day of the attack Moa had a hammer with him, and some witnesses say they saw him hit one of the uniformed officers in the skull. when he was already dead. However, the author has always maintained that such testimony is a fallacy.
The kidnapping of Emilio Villaescusa Quilis and the radical change of Moa
In 1977, Pío Moa was among the main leaders in the kidnapping of Emilio Villaescusa Quilis —an important military member of the Francoist movement. After this event, the writer was expelled from GRAPO. In 1983, he was found guilty of kidnapping officer Quilis, and he was sentenced to one year in jail. However, the author was not forced to serve the sentence.
As punishment, Moa had to undergo a reinsertion, and adopt an ideological position closer to Francoism. Already a supporter of the extreme right, Piño Moa worked as a director in journalistic publications such as scores (1988-1990) y yesterdays (1991-1993), in addition to other establishments dedicated to the teaching of Spanish history.
Pío Moa's greatest ideological change occurred around his research on the Second Republic and the origin of the Civil War. His thesis in this regard can be found in his most representative works.
Pío Moa's books
- Reflections on terrorism (1985);
- The erotic crime of the Ateneo de Madrid (1995);
- The origins of the Spanish Civil War (1999);
- The characters of the Republic seen by themselves I (2000);
- The collapse of the Second Republic and the Civil War (2001);
- Homosexual society and other essays (2001);
- The Opposition during Francoism. Volume 2: Of a time and a country (2002);
- The characters of the Republic seen by themselves II (2002);
- Against lies: Civil War, nationalist left and Jacobinism. (2003);
- The myths of the Civil War (2003);
- The essential books on the Civil War (2004);
- A shocking story: Catalan and Basque nationalisms in the contemporary history of Spain (2004);
- The crimes of the Civil War and other controversies (2004);
- 1934, the Civil War begins: the PSOE and the Esquerra start the fight (Pío Moa in collaboration with Javier Ruíz Portella, 2004);
- Federica Montseny or the difficulties of anarchism (Pío Moa in collaboration with Antonina Rodrigo García, 2004);
- 1936, the final assault on the Republic (2005);
- Franco, a historical balance (2005);
- Against the balkanization of Spain (2005);
- The illuminated Moncloa and other plagues (2006);
- The bankruptcy of progressive history: in what and why Beevor, Preston, Juliá, Viñas, Reig err... (2007);
- The Republic that ended in Civil War (2006);
- Fallacies of the left, silences of the right. Keys to understanding the deterioration of current Spanish politics (2008);
- Trips along the Vía de la Plata (2008);
- Franco for anti-Francoists: in 36 key questions (2009);
- Democracy drowned. Essays on Spain today (2009);
- New history of Spain (2010);
- The glass transition. Francoism and democracy (2010);
- Spain against Spain (2012);
- Screams and knocks sounded at the door (2012);
- The collapse of the Second Republic (2013);
- Basque and Catalan nationalism: in the Civil War, Francoism and democracy (2013);
- controversial essays (2013);
- The Spanish Civil War —1936-1939— (2014);
- The myths of Francoism. An in-depth review of a pivotal era (2015);
- Europe: Introduction to its history (2016);
- The Reconquest and Spain (2018)
Synopsis of the most outstanding works of Pío Moa
The origins of the Spanish Civil War (1999)
In this text, Pío Moa believes that traditional history books do not tell the events of the Civil War and the Second Republic clearly. Therefore, he is given the task of rewriting the facts of both events. According to the author, his pen recounts what actually happened in those years, as well as the paradigm shifts that gave rise to it.
Myths of the Civil War (2003)
One of the peculiarities for which Tweet moa is so controversial has to do with what usually contradicts other historians and respected professors in Spanish universities. In Myths of the Civil War, this fact is evident. The book demystifies what many other authors have said about the origins of this important event. In addition, it covers little-treated themes, such as: what could have been of the Democratic Republic.
The myths of Franco (2015)
Through the pages of this book, Pius Moa tries to carry out a reconstruction of the times of the Franco regime. Likewise, it seeks to recompose the figure of Franco through comparison. To do this, he uses other politicians of the time, such as Churchill, Hitler, Adenauer, Mussolini or De Gasperi. In the same way, the author is based on research to answer various questions about the dictatorship.
