Ipharagrafu yiyo yonke leyo migqa yezinhlamvu eyakha umbhalo oqondakalayo, ovame ukuba yingxenye yomkhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi obangela ukujuluka okukhulu kubabhali. Kodwa ukunemba kakhudlwana nangobuchwepheshe, el Isichazamazwi seRoyal Spanish Academy siyachaza isigaba njengokuthi «ucezu lombhalo wephrozi owenziwe isethi yemigqa elandelanayo futhi ebonakala ngokumiswa okuphelele ekugcineni kowokugcina».
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela-ke lokho isigaba sibhalwe ngephrozi (ngokuphambene, inkondlo yakhiwe izitanza nemigqa) kanye inephuzu eliqeda umqondo walowo mbhalo. Kodwa ngaphezu kwalezi zici eziyisisekelo, isigaba kufanele sibe nezinye ezisiza ukusichaza.
Izici zesigaba
- Indima iyiyunithi ezimele, kodwa ngokuvamile iyingxenye yombhalo omkhulu.. Okusho ukuthi, inencazelo ephelele futhi ezimele, kodwa, ngesikhathi esifanayo, nayo isenkonzweni yesitayela nendikimba yesakhiwo esikhulu. Inhloso yawo ukunikeza incazelo nesigqi somqondo womhlaba wonke. Ngakho-ke, zonke izigaba zombhalo zizoba nobude obufanayo phakathi kwazo.
- Lapho esikoleni basifundisa ukubhala umbhalo, ngakho-ke, ukubhala gcwalisa wezigaba waqikelela kakhulu ukuchaza ukubaluleka kokuqala nokuphetha ngasinye. Isigaba asilokothi sibe side noma sibe mfushane kunalokho obekufanele. Eqinisweni, amabhulogi alandela imithetho yokubhala ehluke kancane kunezinye izinhlobo zemibhalo (ngenxa yezizathu zokufundeka kwewebhu).
- Kungakho kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezigaba, eziningi njengezinhlobo zombhalo. Izigaba zebhulogi eku-inthanethi zilandela izakhiwo futhi ikakhulukazi ubukhulu obuhlukile kulezo zeminye imibhalo. Umbhalo ungaba ochasisayo, ophikisanayo, owentatheli, obhalayo, ochazayo, ongokwesayensi... Kunoma yikuphi, izigaba ziyimibhalo yephrozi ehlala ilandela umugqa wombhalo ezitholakala kuwo.
- Ngokufanayo, izimpawu zokuloba ziyisici esibalulekile endimeni. Ukusetshenziswa ngendlela efanele kwezimpawu zokuloba kuyisihluthulelo sokunquma ukuthi isigaba sibhalwe ngendlela efanele yini: okhefana, ama-ellipses, amasemikholoni, izibabazo kanye nezimpawu zombuzo, abakaki, izimpawu zokucaphuna kanye namakhonco. Kodwa ikakhulukazi amaphuzu.
- Iphuzu kanye nemisho elandelwayo ngokuvamile evala futhi isiza isigaba singabi nemisho eminingi futhi emide. Mhlawumbe yingakho iphuzu nokulandelwayo kunomsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu endimeni. Izitobhi ezigcwele ziphetha isigaba ukuze uqhubeke nelandelayo. Futhi amaphuzu okugcina aphetha umbhalo.
- Ukubumbana, ukubumbana nokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Ziyizici zombhalo; ngakho-ke, akhona futhi endimeni. Lezi zici zisiza ukuxhumana ukuthi, ekugcineni, yilokho okuhloswe ngazo zonke izinhlobo zombhalo. Ukubumbana kugcina incazelo yombhalo (ubude bufanelekile, ulwazi olunikezwayo lufike ngesikhathi futhi luhlelwe kahle). Ukubumbana kuhlobene nengxenye yohlelo lolimi, ikakhulukazi ne-syntax (imisho ihlelwe kahle futhi ixhumene komunye nomunye). Ukwanela kuqinisekisa ukuthi umbhalo ungu okwanele esimweni sokuxhumana (ivumelana nengqikithi kanye nenhloso yokuxhumana).
Isibonelo nokuhlaziya. indaba emfushane
Okokugcina Inhloso yendima ukuhlela umqondo jikelele wombhalo. okungaphansi kwayo isikhathi esiningi. Uma kuwumbhalo ozimele ngokuphelele, uzowenza ngendlela efanayo, okungukuthi, uzonikeza ulwazi (kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lombhalo okukhulunywa ngalo) oluhlelwe kahle oluhambisana nezimpawu zokubhala ezifanele kanye nemisho enobude obufanele, njalo. uthembekile isitayela kanye nesihloko. Futhi ekugcineni, indzima kumele ihlale ihambisana, ihlangane kahle futsi ihambisane nengcikitsi nenhloso yayo.
Mhlawumbe yingakho kunzima ukuhlaziya isigaba sisodwa kwezinye ezakha umbhalo. Futhi nakuba besingakwenza, lapha sishiya njengesibonelo indaba emfushane ephumelelayo ye I-Micro-story and Photography Contest "A smile away" 2021, ephakanyiswe yi-Madrid Municipal Transport Company (EMT). Indaba emfushane ibizwa ngokuthi imilomo kanye nombhali wayo ohhavini basolwandle.
Udaba lufakwe kumongo wobhubhane lwe-Covid-19 lapho uhambo lwezithuthi zomphakathi lwenziwa ngamamaski futhi abahambi babebona yonke into ngaphandle kwekhala kanye umlomo (kahle, lokhu kuyinto esisenayo eSpain).
Intombazane ichaza ngomuntu wokuqala abagibeli abahamba nayo ngesikhathi sohambo lwebhasi ibabize ngeziteketiso zomlomo engayazi, kodwa ihumusha ngokubukeka noma ukuziphatha kwabantu. Umlingiswa oyinhloko (isikhathi esiqondile nendawo ecacile, ibhasi le-EMT) Agcine esedonsa owakhe umlomo bese ethatha isinqumo.
U-Mar Hornos uxazulula indaba yakhe nge-acidity kanye nephuzu lokuhlakanipha elishukumisa yonke indaba encane. Isigaba esisodwa siwumbhalo wonke. Ngobuhlakani ukhetha isici emshweni ngamunye, emva kwesikhathi nokulandelwa, isikhathi nokulandelwa. Ngemva kokubamba abalingiswa ngezifinyezo ezimfushane zezaga nezisho, umlingiswa womxoxi uthola lokho okufanele akwenze ngokulandelayo. Indawo yayo yokugcina.