Umhlahlandlela wezindawo ezicatshangelwayo
Umhlahlandlela wezindawo ezicatshangelwayo -noma Umhlahlandlela wezindawo ezicatshangelwayo, ngegama layo langempela ngesiNgisi—kuyi-encyclopedia emfushane eqondiswe “kokuvakasha” kwamasayithi ayingxenye yezinganekwane ezibaluleke kakhulu zeminyaka engu-50 edlule. Umsebenzi walotshwa u-Alberto Manguel noGianni Guadalupi futhi waboniswa uGraham Greenfields noJames Cook. Owokuqala wayengumdwebi wobuciko obujwayelekile, owesibili, wamamephu.
Yanyatheliswa ngoNovemba 1, 1994 yinhlangano yokushicilela i-Alianza, futhi yaba nokuhunyushelwa kwisiSpanishi ngu-Ana María Becciu, uJavier Setó Melis kanye no-Borja García Bercero. Ngemuva kokwethulwa kwayo, Incwadi ithole ukubuyekezwa okuhle kakhulu futhi, kuze kube manje, ingesinye sezihloko ezithengiswa kakhulu ku-Amazon..
Amazwibela we Umhlahlandlela wezindawo ezicatshangelwayo
I-encyclopedia yabathandi bezincwadi
Ezikhathini zasendulo, kwakubonakala sengathi ngale kweziNsika zikaHercules—into eyinganekwane yomsuka wenganekwane—konke kwakungenzeka: izidalwa, imibuso, imihlaba nemikhathi. Kodwa-ke, namuhla, esimweni esigcwele ubuchwepheshe, i-pragmatism nokuqina, Kunzima kakhulu ukuthola isikhala somlingo noma okungavamile. Amazwe angaziwa awasekho, akunjalo?
Izindawo ezimangalisayo lapho inganekwane eyakha khona izindonga zayo azisahlali kumamephu ethu, noma, okungenani, hhayi kulawo izazi eziwabiza ngokuthi “wangempela.” Noma kunjalo, Basekhona ababhali abanezinga lokumangala elithuthuke kangangokuthi bayakwazi ukubuyisela ukuphila kwezwe elidalwe ababhali abafana noTolkien., Borges, Homer noma JK Rowling.
I-atlas yezinto ezingekho
Ihlatshwe umxhwele ngezinto ezifana nophawu lwenkundla 9 ¾ esiteshini se-King Cross u-Harry Potter, imisebenzi yomjikelezo we-Arthurian noma Ubusuku base-Arabia, Albert UManguel noGianni Guadalupi banquma ukuhlolisisa olunye uhlobo lwezwe, futhi bahlela umzila ababezowuchaza ngokuningiliziwe kamuva Umhlahlandlela wezindawo ezicatshangelwayo, i-encyclopedia yohambo oluya kwamanye ama-universe.
Njengabathandi bezincwadi, Laba babhali baqala lolu hambo ngenye intambama ngo-1977. Konke kwaqala lapho u-Gianni Guadalupi ehlongoza u-Alberto Manguel ukuthi abhale incwadi eqondisa izivakashi ezokwazi ukubheka idolobha elicatshangelwayo nelihehayo laseSelene, elakhiwe nguPaul Féval encwadini yakhe inoveli. Idolobha lama-vampire. Kulowo mbono ongavamile kwavela omunye, mhlawumbe, owawufisa kakhulu futhi uthakazelisa.
Iqoqo eliphelele lezindawo zemilingo
Lokhu kwakuwukuqondisa isihambi kwamanye amadolobha amanga ngokulinganayo. Ngakho, besuka emadolobheni baya emazweni, besuka kulawa baye eziqhingini futhi besuka kowakamuva baye emazwenikazi. U-Alberto Manguel noGianni Guadalupi bahlanganisa iminyaka yocwaningo lwezincwadi ngeSpanishi, isiFulentshi, isiJalimane, isiNgisi, isiNtaliyane, isiRashiya kanye nezilimi eziningana zasempumalanga ngesitayela sama-encyclopedia ezindawo zekhulu le-19.
Ukuhlangabezana nale nselelo enkulu, ababhali bagwema caphuna izindawo ezifana ne-Proust's Balbec, i-Wessex ka-Ardí, i-Yoknapatawpha ka-Faulkner ne-Barchester of Trollope, ngoba, ngokungafani nezwe lemilingo le u-Harry Potter, ngokwesibonelo, ezokuqala zingamagama mbumbulu noma izifihla-buso zamasayithi asevele ekhona.
Izindawo ezicatshangelwayo ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane ongazivakashela
Kunzima ukucabanga ngomthandi wezincwadi ongeke akwazi ukujabulela umsebenzi ofana nawo Umhlahlandlela wezindawo ezicatshangelwayo, leyo ehlanganisa ukwakheka kwendawo yeningi lemihlaba eqanjiwe edume kakhulu namuhla. U-Alberto Manguel noGianni Guadalupi, Enkampanini yomdwebi wabo wezithombe nomklami wemephu, badale kabusha izindawo ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane zamaphupho noma amaphupho amabi.
Umhlahlandlela wezindawo ezicatshangelwayo Akuyona nje inkomba yokuthi abafundi bazitholele ngaphakathi kwezikhala abazithandayo kakhulu, kodwa futhi iqoqo elikuvumela ukuthi uthole amanoveli amasha noma ababhali, ngesikhathi esifanayo nokuvakashela kabusha lezo zincwadi eziphawule ngaphambi nangemva kwezimpilo zabaningi, ukucabanga kabusha ngohambo asebeluthathile futhi abangalwenza futhi ngenxa yenkumbulo.
Kuthini ukugxekwa Umhlahlandlela wezindawo ezicatshangelwayo?
Ingqondo ka-Alberto Manguel noGianni Guadalupi ayinakuphikiswa, bobabili bakwazile ukuhlola izingcezu zemibhalo ezihlukile futhi badalula imihlaba yabo esimweni esinembe kakhulu: leso sesikhala phakathi kwamazwe nemibuso. Kodwa-ke, abagxeki abangaphezu koyedwa baye baphakamisa ishiya kulo msebenzi, nakuba, kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi amazwi abo cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi aqondiswe ekuhleleni incwadi kanye nendawo yezinkomba.
Ngalesi sizathu, abanye bathi, nakuba bengakutholi kuyinto engeyinhle ukuthi izindawo zitholakala ngama-alfabhethi, ukuhlelwa kwezingosi bekungadala kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izikhala okuxoxwe ngazo zivela njalo ekupheleni kokungenela, okubonakala kungenankinga, kucatshangelwa ukuthi abafundi bangase bathande ukwazi ukuthi bazofunda ngani ngaphambi kokwenza lokho.
Mayelana nabalobi
Alberto Manguel
Wazalwa ngo-March 13, 1948, e-Buenos Aires, e-Argentina. Wahlala iminyaka ethile kwa-Israyeli, lapho uyise ayeyinxusa. Lapho bebuyela e-Argentina, Umbhali wahlangana nomlobi odumile uJorge Luis Borges, owayeneminyaka engu-58 ubudala futhi kakade eyimpumputhe, ngakho wacela uManguel osemusha ukuba ayomfundela izincwadi endlini yakhe, futhi wakwenza lokho ngenjabulo.
Yize u-Alberto engazange aqedele iziqu zakhe e-Faculty of Philosophy and Letters, Waklonyeliswa ngezindaba zakhe ezimbalwa ephephandabeni lase-Argentina La Nación, eParis. Kusukela lapho wathola iziphakamiso zomsebenzi kwabezindaba ezifana Uhlelo lweKapelusz y UFranco Maria Ricci, lapho ahlangana khona nabanye ozakwabo asebenze nabo izikhathi eziningana.
UGianni Guadalupi
Ungumbhali owaziwa kancane ngeSpanishi, njengoba izincwadi zakhe azihunyushelwanga kangako kulolu limi. Iningi lezincwadi zakhe zingabaqondisi travel kanye nezinhlanganisela zokuhlola ezifana Izinqaba zomhlaba (2005) y I-latitude enguziro. Abahambi, abahloli bamazwe kanye nezihambi ezungeze inkabazwe (2006).
Ezinye izincwadi zika-Alberto Manguel
Okungelona iqiniso
- Umlando Wokufunda (1996);
- Umakoti waseFrankenstein (1997);
- Funda izithombe (2000);
- Ehlathini lesibuko (2002);
- UPinocchio wafunda kanjani ukufunda (2003);
- Ukufunda idayari (2004);
- With Borges (2004);
- imikhuba yesizungu (2004);
- incwadi yokudumisa (2004);
- Umtapo wolwazi ebusuku (2006);
- Indumiso entsha yohlanya (2006);
- Umuzi wamagama (2007);
- Ifa likaHomer (2007);
- Iphupho leNkosi ebomvu (2010);
- Izingxoxo nomngane (2011);
- I-Monsieur Bovary nabanye abangani abaqinile (2013);
- Umhambi, umbhoshongo kanye nesibungu (2014);
- Umlando wemvelo welukuluku (2015);
- Ngenkathi ngiqoqa umtapo wami wezincwadi (2018);
- UDon Quixote nezipoki zakhe (2020);
- UMaimonides (2023).
Izinganekwane
- Izindaba ezivela phesheya (1991);
- Stevenson ngaphansi kwezihlahla zesundu (2003);
- Ukubuya (2005);
- Umthandi okhethekile kakhulu (2005);
- Wonke amadoda anamanga (2008);
- Ukubuya kuka-Ulysses (2014).
I-Anthologies
- Ukwehluka kwetimu ka-Dürer (1968);
- Ukwehluka kwetimu yamaphoyisa (1968);
- I-Anthology yezincwadi ezinhle zase-Argentina (1973);
- amanzi amnyama (1983);
- Amasango epharadesi (1993);
- UMario Denevi: Imikhosi eyimfihlo (1996);
- UJulio Cortázar: Animalia (1998);
- UGilbert Keith Chesterton: Ukugijima ngemva kwesigqoko somuntu (2004);
- URobert Louis Stevenson: Inkumbulo yokukhohlwa (2005);
- Izigigaba zomntwana uJesu (2007);
- Inkulumo emfushane ngentshisekelo (2008);
- U-Rudyard Kipling: Izindaba (2008);
- UThomas Browne: Insimu KaKoresi (2009);
- ilanga le-jaguar (2010).