Uhlu lwezintandokazi ze-2023 Nobel Prize in Literature

Njengaminyaka yonke, kuba nenkulumo mpikiswano mayelana nokuthi ubani ongase abe ngumnqobi olandelayo womklomelo wokubhala ohlonishwa kakhulu.. Uhlu lwabazokhethwa lude futhi inhlangano ivamise ukwenza inqubekelaphambili encane mayelana nabazokhethwa. Abezindaba benanela imfihlakalo futhi okulindelwe kukhulu minyaka yonke, njengoba kunababhali abaningi abasalinde ukukhethwa, abanokufaneleka okungaphezu kokwanele, futhi ubani unyaka nonyaka abangakutholi ukuqashelwa osekunesikhathi eside belindelwe okuvela esikhungweni semfundo ephakeme saseSweden.

Ngasohlangothini lwabo, umphakathi nabathandiweyo nabo baziqagela ngalokho okungenzeka engxenyeni yokugcina yonyaka, lapho kwaziwa owinile. Ziningi izifiso zokuthi ababhali abathile bawine indondo, futhi kukhona nababhali abasha abangena ohlwini olude. Nokho, iningi lababhali abavelele alisoze lalazi ikhono lokuwina uMklomelo KaNobel kuLiterature, njengoba naphezu kobuhle bepeni labo, akubona bonke abanokuphila okwanele ukuze balithole. Kunoma yikuphi, ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka inselelo yokubikezela ukuthi ubani ozoba nenhlanhla elandelayo iyabuya: NgoLwesine, ngo-October 5, kuzogcina kwaziwa. Ngezansi kunohlu lwezintandokazi zoMklomelo KaNobel Wezincwadi Ka-2023.

UHaruki Murakami

• Sobre el autor: ikhandidethi laphakade noma oyedwa walabo abalindelwe kakhulu. Lo mbhali waseJapan wazalwa ngo-1949 futhi ungumhumushi. Ngo-2023 waklonyeliswa ngeNkosazana yase-Asturias Yezincwadi. Ungumbhali wamanoveli ogxiliswe ngaphakathi kwe-surrealism futhi umsebenzi wakhe ubhalwe ngolimi lwakhe lwendabuko. Ubebuye abe ngumgijimi, okuwumsebenzi obuye waba nomthelela emsebenzini wakhe njengombhali.
• Imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu: Ukuzingela ithole zasendle (1992), I-Tokyo blues (2005), Umlando wenyoni evunguza umhlaba (2001), Kafka ogwini (2006), 1Q84 (2011), Ukufa komkhuzi (2018-2019).

Elena Poniatowski

• Mayelana nomlobi: Igama lakhe liphinde lazwakala njengomuntu owinile omele inoveli yaseSpain-American. Lo mbhali kanye nentatheli wazalelwa eFrance ngo-1932 futhi unobuzwe obubili, isiFulentshi nesiMexico, nakuba ebhala ngeSpanishi; Uphinde abe nokhokho basePoland. Ngo-2013 wathola uMklomelo weCervantes. Imisebenzi yakhe ingaphakathi kwe-feminism futhi inesimilo esiqinile kwezenhlalo nezepolitiki.
• Imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu: Ngize ngikubone Jesu wami (1969), Ubusuku be-Tlatelolco (1971), Isikhumba sezulu (2001), umthandi wepolisi (2019).

UCesar Aira

• Sobre el autor: Umbhali wezindaba ezimfushane wase-Argentina. Wazalwa ngo-1949, wenza nomsebenzi wokuhumusha, ubhala izindatshana, adlale futhi ngesinye isikhathi uye wethula okubukwayo ngamahlaya emisebenzini yakhe. Amanoveli akhe amafushane anemisebenzi eminingi ngokwezinhlobo zawo. Muva nje uhlonishwe ngendondo kaManuel Rojas Ibero-American Narrative Prize (2016) kanye neFormentor de las Letras Prize (2021).
• Imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu: Ingoma kaCastrato (1984), inoveli yesiShayina (1987), Ukuhlolwa (1992), Ngibe yindela kanjani (1993).

Can Xue

• Mayelana nomlobi: ungumlobi waseShayina owazalwa ngo-1953. Amanoveli akhe okuhlola nezincwadi ezibucayi ziyagqama, zeqa imigoqo eyamiswa abantu bakubo kanye nabandulelayo. Izincwadi zakhe eziningi eziqanjiwe ziyizinganekwane ezimfushane. Njengomgxeki ube nentshisekelo emsebenzini kaDante, Jorge Luis Borges noFranz Kafka.
• Imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu (ngesiNgisi): Ifu Elintantayo Elidala (1991), Ukukhanya Okuluhlaza Esibhakabhakeni kanye Nezinye Izindaba (2006), Ngihlala Emijondolo (2020), I-Purple Knob (2021).

UMircea Cartarescu

• Sobre el autor: umbhali we-postmodernist owazalwa ngo-1956 eRomania. Impela ungumbhali ofaneleka kakhulu ezweni lakubo namuhla. Ubhala izinkondlo, umlando kanye nephrozi. Uphinde abe ngumhlaziyi wezincwadi kanye noprofesa we-Romanian Literature eNyuvesi yaseBucharest. Uhlonishwe ngendondo yase-Austrian ye-European Literature ngo-2015.
• Imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu: Nostalgia (1989), Travesti (2007), I-Selenoid (2015), I-Melancholia (2019).

Salman Rushdie

• Sobre el autor: Umbhali nombhali wendatshana owazalelwa eBombay ngo-1947. Ngo-2022 wahlaselwa ngesikhathi ebambe ingqungquthela eNew York state, ethola inxeba lokugwazwa entanyeni elamshiya esesimweni esibucayi. Lokhu kwakungenxa yokumangala okwadalwa umsebenzi wakhe Amavesi kaSathane kwamanye amaqembu ama-Islamist aqinile. Amanoveli akhe afakwe ngaphakathi kweqiniso lomlingo.
• Imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu: Izingane zobusuku (1981), Amavesi kaSathane (1988), Ukububula Kokugcina Kwe-Moor (1995), Fury (2001), UShalimar ungumbungazi ohamba phambili (2005), Umlingisikazi waseFlorence (2008).

UJon fosse

• Sobre el autor: Wazalelwa eNorway, uFosse ungumbhali wezinkondlo, izincwadi zezingane kanye nomhumushi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, waziswa njengomunye wababhali bemidlalo abafaneleka kakhulu okwamanje futhi uye waqashelwa inkosi yezwe lakhe. Phakathi kwezindondo asezitholile ngeqhaza lakhe kwezobuciko nezincwadi, iNational Order of Merit of France igqamile.
• Imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu: Iphupho Lekwindla (1999), futhi yahunyushelwa olimini lweSpanishi Ubusuku bucula izingoma zabo neminye imisebenzi yaseshashalazini.

Raul Zurita

• Sobre el autor: imbongi eyazalelwa eSantiago de Chile ngo-1950. Izinkondlo zayo ziyi-neo-avant-garde, nakuba iphinde yahlakulela ukubhala indaba. UngoweQembu LamaKhomanisi laseChile futhi ube yilungu kusukela ngo-2023 le-Chilean Academy of Language. Phakathi kwemiklomelo eminingi ayitholile kukhona umklomelo wePablo Neruda (1988), iNational Literature Prize eChile (2000), iPablo Neruda Ibero-American Poetry Prize (2016) kanye ne-Federico García Lorca International Poetry Prize (2022).
• Imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu: I-Purgatory (1979), Ngiculela uthando lwakhe olulahlekile (1985), INRI (2003), Impilo yakho iyahlakazeka (2005).

Gerald Murnane

• Sobre el autor: Umbhali wase-Australia uhlonishwa kakhulu ngeqhaza lakhe ezincwadini zesiNgisi, naphezu kokuthi umsebenzi wakhe awuzange uhunyushwe kabanzi noma usakazwe. Wazalwa ngo-1939 futhi uthole uMklomelo KaPatrick White (1999) kanye noMklomelo we-Melbourne for Literature (2009). Ngaphezu kwakho konke, ungumbhali wephrozi futhi ubhala phakathi kwamanoveli enganekwane kanye ne-autobiographical. Iphrozi yakhe ibhalwe ngokukhulu ukucophelela nokunaka imininingwane yolimi.
• Imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu: amathafa (1982) iyinoveli yakhe esabalele kakhulu, ngaphezu kokutholakala ihunyushelwe olimini lweSpanishi.

U-Anne Carson

• Mayelana nomlobi: Wazalelwa e-Toronto ngo-1950, uyimbongi edumile, nakuba ephinde abe umhumushi, isazi sezilimi futhi ebhala ukugxeka kwemibhalo kanye nezindatshana. Ngo-2020 waklonyeliswa ngendondo ye-Princess of Asturias for Literature. Ungowe-American Academy of Arts and Sciences kanye ne-Order yaseCanada. Uthole umklomelo we-PEN wezinkondlo zokuhumusha, uMklomelo wezinkondlo zikaGriffin kabili (2001 no-2014), kanye ne-TS Eliot Prize (2001), phakathi kokunye.
• Imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu: I-Autobiography kaRojo eyanyatheliswa ngeSpanishi ngo-2009.

ULyudmila Ulitskaya

• Mayelana nomlobi: Lo mbhali waseRussia, owazalwa ngo-1943, futhi ungumbhali wefilimu, kanye nesazi samakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo. Ezincwadini ugqame ohlotsheni lwenoveli. Ezinganekwaneni ubhale amanoveli amade namafisha, kanye nezindaba ezimfushane.
• Imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu: ngeSpanishi ziyatholakala Umngcwabo ka-Alik ojabulisayo (2003) futhi UDaniel Stein, umculi (2006).

UThomas pynchon

• Sobre el autor: Umbhali wamanoveli waseMelika owazalwa ngo-1937. Ngomsebenzi wakhe wawina umklomelo weNational Book Award. Inganekwane yakhe ibaluleke kakhulu futhi uthole ukucatshangelwa okuhlukahlukene kubagxeki: abangenangqondo, abaqaphile futhi baphazamiseke kancane. Okusho ukuthi, iyiphrozi enodaka nemnyama, engakuphiki ukuthi umbhali wayo ucatshangelwe njengombhali oqavile.
• Imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu: Indali yenkatho engu-49 (1966), Uthingo lwamandla adonsela phansi (1973), IVineland (1990), Iphini lakho (2009), Kumkhawulo (2013).