Kafka ogwini
Isimo samanje semibhalo yezwe sinendawo ebalulekile yokulandisa kukaHaruki Murakami, umbhali we Kafka ogwini (2002). Konke sekushiwo ngalo msebenzi, ngaphandle kokukwazi ukuphika ukuthi abafundi balo mbhali waseJapan bawuthande kangakanani. Futhi ukuthi uMurakami unesitayela esivezwa yimikhathi engenangqondo, esondelene ne-surrealism noma ubuqiniso bemilingo, ethintekayo kule noveli.
Ngakho-ke, umuntu angakhuluma ngomhlaba "wama-murakamian", lapho impilo yabalingiswa iyindida futhi iyaphazamisa. Kuyinoveli esakhiwo sayo sigxile ezinhlamvwini ezimbili, omunye omncane omunye omdala, obekwe yizimo zabo.. Empeleni, izindaba zabo azibonakali zihlobene, noma kunjalo, uMurakami udala indlela ehlakaniphile yokuzixoxa.
Eminye imininingwane yomlando womlobi, uHaruki Murakami
UHaruki Murakami ungumbhali nomhumushi owazalelwa edolobheni laseKyoto ngoJanuwari 12, 1949, ethonywe kakhulu yimibhalo yaseNtshonalanga. Ngesikhathi esemncane wathola imfundo yezenkolo yaseJapan neyamaBuddha kumkhulu kayise, ngenkathi ekhula nomama ongumthengisi. Kamuva, Wabhalisa e-Waseda University, lapho afunda khona izincwadi nemidlalo ye-Hellenic.
Endlini yezifundo esesikhulume ngayo wahlangana nowayezoba ngumkakhe, uYoko. Lezi zithandani kamuva zanquma ukungabi nazo izingane, kunalokho zanquma ukuzitholela iklabhu yazo ye-jazz eTokyo, ebizwa ngePeter Cat. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngesikhathi somdlalo ukushaya ibhola kwamkhuthaza ukuba abhale inoveli yakhe yokuqala, Yizwa ingoma yomoya (1973).
Ukuhlukaniswa kwemibhalo
Izincwadi zokuqala ezibhaliwe zikaMurakami zazinezinombolo zokuhlela eziphansi impela. Ngaphandle kwalesi simo, indoda yaseJapan yezincwadi ayizange idangale, kunalokho yaqhubeka nokwenza imibhalo engenayo imingcele phakathi kweqiniso nephupho.
Ngeminyaka yo-80 kwethulwa i- I-Pinball 1973 (1980) y Ukuzingelwa kwenqama yasendle (1982). Ekugcineni, e 1987, I-Tokyo Blues (Izinkuni zaseNorweigian) wanikeza uMurakami udumo lukazwelonke nolwamazwe omhlaba. Kusukela ngalowo nyaka, umbhali waseJapan ushicilele amanoveli ayisishiyagalolunye, amaqoqo amahlanu ezindaba kanye nemibhalo eminingi yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene phakathi izindaba ezinemifanekiso, ama-eseyi nezincwadi wezingxoxo.
Amanye amanoveli athengisa kakhulu kaMurakami
- Dance Dance Dance (1988)
- Umlando wenyoni evunguza umhlaba (1995)
- Ukufa komkhuzi (2017)
Izincwadi eMurakami: isitayela namathonya
UHaruki Murakami nomkakhe bahlala phakathi kwe-United States ne-Europe kwaze kwaba ngu-1995, lapho benquma ukubuyela eJapane. Khonamanjalo, ukuqashelwa kwakhe emhlabeni wezincwadi kwakukhula. Yize, vele kulezo zimo wahlanjalazwa ngamanye amazwi abucayi, eMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga.
Isilinganiso sikaHaruki Murakami.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushicilelwa kwe- Kafka ogwini ngo-2002 wenza ukuthi umbhali weKiotense afundwe kabanzi nangaphezulu futhi wakhulisa udumo lwakhe kangangoba waze waqokelwa iNobel Prize ezikhathini eziningana. Ngokolunye uhlangothi, amathonya abalulekile ezincwadini zakhe kungaba umculo - i-jazz, ikakhulukazi - kanye nokulandisa kwaseNyakatho Melika kusuka kubalobi abanjengoScott Fitzgerald noma uRaymond Carver.
Isifinyezo se- Kafka ogwini
Intsha UTamura uhlala nobaba wakhe, onobudlelwano obubi naye, ukwenza izinto zibe zimbi kakhulu, unina nodadewabo babalahla lapho lowo wayemncane. Kulo mongo, umlingiswa oyinhloko ubalekela ekhaya ngemuva kweminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu. Yebo, manje uKafka Tamura uya eningizimu, eTakamatsu.
Ngaleso sikhathi kuphakama umbuzo ongenakuphepheka: kungani umlingiswa ophambili ebaleka? Ngempendulo, izakhi ze-surreal ziyaqala, ngoba ubaba kaKafka Tamura usola indodana yakhe, njengo-Oedipus Rex, ngokufuna ukumbulala ukuze alale nonina nodadewabo.
Indaba efanayo
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwethulwa uSatoru Nakata, indoda endala eyaphila okuhlangenwe nakho okungachazeki ebuntwaneni bayo. Ngokuqondile, waquleka futhi lapho evuka wayelahlekelwe yimemori kanye namandla okuxhumana, ngokungeziwe: wayekwazi ukukhuluma namakati. Ngalesi sizathu, uthathe isinqumo sokunikela ngempilo yakhe ekusindiseni ama-felines kuyo yonke indawo futhi wahlangabezana nomlingiswa ogama lakhe linguJohnny Walken, oxhumene namakati.
Ukuhlangana
Lapho efika eTakamatsu, uKafka Tamura wathola isiphephelo emtatsheni wezincwadi. Lapho, uNkk. Saeki (umqondisi) no-Oshima, basiza lo protagonist. Okulandelayo, uKafka Tamura unezindlela ezithokozisayo nalezi zinhlamvu, ethola e-Oshima umthombo wezambulo ngaye.
Kamuva, uNakata uthola ukuthi uJohnny Walken, empeleni, uyindoda embi ebulala ama-felines. Ngenxa yalokho, ubhekana naye aze amhlule (ngosizo lwamakati). Ngemuva kwalokho, indoda endala ihlangana noTamura eTakamatsu ngokufaka indiza eyingqayizivele. Ngakho-ke, ngokulandelana, izimpilo zawo wonke amalungu endaba ziyahlangana ngaphandle kwencazelo eyengeziwe kuze kube sekupheleni kwencwadi.
I-Análisis Kafka ogwini
Ukufaneleka kwesiphakamiso sakho semibhalo
Ukulandisa kwenoveli Kafka ogwini zama ukujoyina izindlela eziningana, kubonakala sengathi kude nomunye, ukuqondisa intambo yemicimbi. Ngale ndlela, ilukuluku lomfundi liyakhula njengoba kuvezwa izindaba ezingahambelani kahle.
Endabeni yale noveli, kungahle kube nzima ukuqonda isizathu sokushintshaniswa kwezindaba ezimbili - ekuqaleni - zihlangene. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, abafundi banamathela eduze ukuze bafunde ngokwenzeka kwemicimbi enelukuluku nelicindezelayo yabalingiswa abasondelana. Ekugcineni, kunendlela engakholeki yokubeka izindaba ndawonye, usebenzisa umcabango.
Inoveli phakathi komlingo nokwangempela
Imvamisa, izincwadi eziphakanyiswe ngu UHaruki Murakami kufaka inhlanganisela yobukhulu obubili obuqukethwe ngaphakathi kweyunithi eyodwa yobuhle. Ngamanye amagama, indlela eya endabeni ingaqhubekela phambili isuka ekulandiseni okungokoqobo ize ivele ezimeni ezingaphezu kwemvelo, ngaphandle kwenkinga. Ngokwezinga lokuthi amaqiniso angamampunge agcina ethathwa njengeqiniso.
Amazwi abucayi
Abanye abagxeki bachaze ukulandisa komlobi waseJapan njenge "pop novel" ngokufaka izinkomba ezinokwethenjelwa (izimpawu zokuhweba, isibonelo). Ngokufana, iqiniso lisontekile kancane kancane ngenxa yokubuza imibuzo engenakwenzeka. Okokugcina ngumthombo okushiwo kakhulu ngoMurakami, kokubili kubahlambalazi bakhe, nangenxa yezigidi zabalandeli bakhe.
Izindikimba zabantu ezijulile
Njengakwezinye abathengisi abahamba phambili kusuka kumbhali waseJapan, Kafka ogwini inenkinga eyindida (okuxakayo) okufundeka kalula. Kuleli phuzu, indlela ezindabeni ezibucayi kubantu (uthando, isizungu, ukudangala ...) ibalulekile ukuheha umfundi.
Eqinisweni, indaba ngayinye, noma ngabe ingaba yinkimbinkimbi kangakanani, iphakamisa usizi lokuhlukaniswa wedwa futhi yedwa (uSatoru Nakata) nendlela yokuphuma. Ngenkathi, indikimba yobudlelwano bomndeni nemiphumela yokungazizwa indawo yomuntu uze uhambe (Kafka Tamura), ikhomba empilweni yomuntu uqobo.