Isisho sikaPaloma Sánchez Garnica
U-Paloma Sánchez-Garnica ungumbhali ozakhele igama phakathi kwababhali abakhulu bokulandisa kweSpanishi kwenkulungwane entsha yeminyaka. Udumo olunjalo luwumkhiqizo weziqephu eziguquguqukayo ezisongwe endaweni ethile eyimfihlakalo futhi exhunywe nezenzakalo zomlando zekhulu lama-XNUMX. Zonke lezi zici ezishiwo zizwakala kakhulu Izinsuku zokugcina eBerlin, inoveli esohlwini olufushane yomklomelo wePlaneta 2021.
Okunye isici esingenakugwemeka ekulandiseni kombhali waseMadrid ukwakhiwa okuhle kakhulu kwabalingiswa unikezwe ubuntu nokujula kwengqondo. Kulokhu, u-Yuri Santacruz, isakhamuzi saseSpain-Russian esisebenza ehhovisi lenxusa laseSpain enhloko-dolobha yaseJalimane lobuNazi, ngaso leso sikhathi udonsa ukunaka kwabafundi.
Ukuhlaziywa Izinsuku zokugcina eBerlin (2021)
Ezinye zezehlakalo zomlando okukhulunywa ngazo kule noveli
- Revolution YaseRussia (1917) kanye nempi yombango phakathi kwamaBolshevik namavukela-mbuso (1918 - 1920);
- Ukuhlasela kukaHitler eJalimane lobuNazi (1932-1934);
- Kristallnacht, Ubusuku bengilazi ephukile (1938);
- Ukugqashuka kweMpi Yezwe II (1939);
- Ukudlwengulwa kwabesifazane ngobuningi ngesikhathi sokuvinjezelwa kweBerlin (1945).
Umqondo wenoveli
Engxoxweni eyanikezwa i-UNIR (February 2022), uPaloma Sánchez-Garnica wachaza ukuthi imibono yenoveli yakhe yesishiyagalombili yavela ngenxa yelukuluku. Naphezu kolwazi lwakhe olukhulu lwezemfundo, wazizwa enesidingo sokuqonda kangcono isikhathi esihlolisiswe kuso Izinsuku zokugcina eBerlin. Ngokuqondile, kuleli phuzu amazwi akhe ayemi kanje:
"Nganginelukuluku lokuqonda inkathi ethile emlandweni, indlela abantu abafana nathi, abantu abavamile abaphila ngayo, ababephila ngayo kuleso simo, ngobandlululo nangombono othile”. Ngokwalesi sizathu, umbhali waseMadrid wafunda inani elikhulu lezincwadi zomuntu siqu, ukubuyekezwa kanye nemibhalo yesikhathi inoveli yakhe edingida ngaso.
I-intrastories nokwakhiwa kwabalingiswa
Izinsuku zokugcina eBerlin Ngokuyisisekelo enye yothando nobungane eyenzeka phakathi nengxabano yempi ebaluleke kakhulu yekhulu lama-XNUMX. Kulo mongo, bonke ubudlelwano babantu bathinteka, kodwa ithemba ligcina selibaluleke kakhulu kunenzondo nentukuthelo. Konke lokhu ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa i-iota yesici somlando esiqinile sombhali waseSpain.
Emazwini kaSánchez-Garnica, inoveli ethi “iyingxoxo ekhethekile nomlingiswa ngamunye futhi uyenza eyakho -ngokubhekiselwa kumfundi- ngokwezimo zakho siqu”. Ngokunjalo nombhali ukholelwa ukuthi umlingiswa wakhe uthokozise umphakathi ngenxa yobuhlakani bakhe kanye nekhono lakhe lokugcina izimiso zokuziphatha ngisho nasezimeni ezinzima kakhulu.
Izisulu zathula
Ukuthuthukiswa kwale ncwadi kuveza obala ubuso obuningi obuchithe igazi emzabalazweni womlando. Okokuqala, eMpini Yezwe II kwakungekho nhlonipho ngezakhamuzi, okwathi, ngaphandle kokuqhuma kwamabhomu, zalamba futhi zahlushwa. Isibonelo esimele kakhulu yileso sababaleki baseBerlin okwadingeka bahambe bayokha amanzi emithonjeni yomphakathi phakathi nokuvinjezelwa.
Esinye isihluku esishaqisayo kwaba impatho ehlazisayo nengenabuntu eyanikezwa abesifazane, eguqulwa abe yimpango yempi ngamabutho ahleziyo. Lobu buqaba benziwa kuqala ngamasosha aseJalimane eRussia bese - ukuziphindiselela - ngama-fighters aseRussia eJalimane. Mayelana nalokhu, umbhali waseSpain umemezele lokhu okulandelayo:
"Kwadingeka abesifazane bavale umlomo, bathulise usizi lwabo, ukuze bamukele lawo madoda anqotshiwe, ukuthotshiswa… ukugwema ukwenqatshwa nokugwema ukuba namahloni phambi kwabo.”
Isifinyezo Sezinsuku Zokugcina eBerlin
Indlela yokuqala
Kusukela ekuqaleni, izinhlangothi ezimbili zezombangazwe eziphikisanayo ezadala inhlekelele ziyabonakala endabeni: ubuzwe bobuNazi-socialism kanye nobukhomanisi bukaStalin. Kwakungo-January 1933 lapho uHitler emiswa njengoShansela waseJalimane.. Khonamanjalo, abalingiswa abakhulu babonakala bebhajwe kunxantathu wothando wendoda enabesifazane ababili.
Khona-ke, isenzo sibuyela emuva onyakeni ka-1921, edolobheni laseSaint Petersburg. U-Yuri Santacruz wakhulela lapho, indodana yenxusa laseSpain kanye nowesifazane waseRussia ovela emndenini ocebile owalinyazwa umbono wamaBolshevik weqembu. Ngakho onxiwankulu baseRussia abalahlekelwanga nje kuphela ngezinto zabo ezibonakalayo, baphucwa namalungelo abo futhi baphoqeleka ukuba babaleke.
Umgomo ka-Yuri
UVeronica—umama womlingiswa oyinhloko—nendodana yakhe encane abakwazanga ukugibela isitimela esasizobavumela ukuba bahambe endaweni yaseRussia. Ngokwalesi sizathu, ukuhlangana kabusha komndeni kungaba isizathu sokuphila kukaYuri futhi akazange angabaze ukwamukela umsebenzi ehhovisi lenxusa laseSpain eBerlin. Enhloko-dolobha yaseBerlin wayezobe eqeqeshwa u-Eric Villanueva, unobhala wethimba.
Futhi, eBerlin u-Yuri wahlangana noClaudia Kaller (kamuva wayezothola ukuthi wayengunkosikazi wesikhulu esiphezulu se-SS). Ngemva kwalokho, U-Santacruz wahlangana noKrista, owesifazane othakazelisayo oneziqu zobudokotela. owaxoshwa ngemva kokungabi nabulungisa okwenziwa kozakwabo abangamaJuda. Ngale ndlela unxantathu wothando wakhiwa.
Izigaba
Nakuba iBerlin iyindawo eyinhloko yenoveli, ngezinye izikhathi indaba ithuthela eMoscow futhi ibonise amaGulags asabekayo. Ekugcineni, Ukuphila kuka-Yuri kwasala kulenga esilinganisweni njengoba ayethungatha unina kanye nomfowabo omncane eRussia. Ngasekupheleni kwencwadi, iSwitzerland ivela njengendawo lapho ithemba lingazalwa kabusha.
Njengoba izenzakalo zenzeka, ukunqotshwa kweJalimane kuvezwa ngokombono wabesifazane baseJalimane kanye nabasindile abathobekile. Ngakho-ke, isethi yosizi nezinhlekelele zenza kucace ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi ukugunyazwa kuwumdlavuza obulalayo emiphakathini.
Mayelana nomlobi
UPaloma Sánchez-Garnica
UPaloma Sánchez-Garnica wazalelwa eMadrid, eSpain, ngo-April 1, 1962. Ngaphambi kokuba azinikele isikhathi esigcwele ekubhaleni, wasebenza iminyaka eminingi njengommeli. Empeleni, Uneziqu zeLaw and Geography and History. Lokhu kokugcina kubonakala kakhulu ekwazini kwakhe izihloko ezihlobene nenkumbulo yomlando yaseSpain neyaseYurophu.
Kodwa-ke, uMadrilenian kwadingeka alinde kuze kube yilapho esekhulile ukuze akwazi ukufeza iphupho lokuzinikela ekuthandweni kwakhe okukhulu kakhulu: ukubhala. Ekugcineni, Ngo-2006, inkampani yokushicilela i-Planeta yashicilela isici sakhe sokuqala, I-arcanum enkulu. Eminyakeni elandelayo, ukwethulwa kwe Umoya wasempumalanga (2009), Umphefumulo wamatshe (2010) futhi Amanxeba amathathu (2012).
Ukungcweliswa
Izincwadi ezine zokuqala zika-Paloma Sánchez-Garnica zithole ukubuyekezwa okuhle kubagxeki, izinombolo zokuhlela eziphawulekayo, nokwamukelwa okuhle okuvela emphakathini. Kunjalo, impumelelo ye I-sonata yokuthula (2012) kuphawule inguquko emsebenzini wombhali I-Iberian lapho iguqulelwe esikrinini esincane yi-TVE. Iziqephu eziyisishiyagalolunye zalolu chungechunge ziye zasakazwa sezizonke.
Ngo-2016, umbhali waseMadrid washicilela Inkumbulo yami inamandla kunokukhohlwa kwakho, iwine inoveli yoMklomelo kaFernando Lara. Impumelelo iqhubekile nokukhishwa kwe Ukusola kukaSofia (2019), indaba yakhe ekhombisa ukuguquguquka kwe-Francoist Spain yakamuva kanye nemininingwane ejulile yokuphela kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi eBerlin.