Isicaphuna sikaFernando Schwartz
UFernando Schwartz ungumbhali owine umklomelo waseSpain, usolwazi kanye nomethuli wethelevishini. Ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi wakhe njengomxhumanisi wamazwe ngamazwe—njengabazali bakhe—waba nethuba lokuhamba iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi enqamula amazwe ahlukahlukene. Wasebenza njengenxusa laseSpain eKuwail naseNetherlands. Uphinde waba ngumkhulumeli wezangaphandle ngaphambi kokuthatha umhlalaphansi ngo-1988.
Ngemva kokuthatha umhlalaphansi wasebenza njengomeluleki wabahleli beqembu RUSH, y We bafowethu. Futhi, wayengumqondisi wezokuxhumana futhi ekhulumela iqembu elifanayo. Ngokufanayo, Udume ngokuba nezincwadi ezilotshiwe ezibaluleke kakhulu, njenge Impi yombango yaseSpain yamazwe ngamazwe (1971) futhi Ukungaboni ngaso linye (1996) —kowokugcina wawina uMklomelo wePlaneta—.
Amazwibela ezincwadi ezibaluleke kakhulu zikaFernando Schwartz
Vichy, ngo-1940 (2006)
Idolobhana le-spa lihlangana ngaphambi kombuso omusha: uHulumeni waseVichy. Kuyindlela yokusebenzisana eyasungulwa ngeMpi Yezwe Yesibili ngemuva kwe-armistice yaseFranco-German, isikhulu sakhe singuMarshal Pétain. Kulo mongo wokunqoba okungamanga, ithimba elisondelene nomongameli lakha iseli lokuqala lokumelana.
Kungaphakathi kwale nucleus lapho kuzozalwa khona indaba yothando evuthayo phakathi kukaMarie - owesifazane osemusha ongumFulentshi ongumJuda - kanye noManuel - owayengusomaqhinga waseSpain - edumele ngokweqiniso futhi omdala kunaye. Isimo sezombangazwe esimnyama saleli dolobha kanye nemizamo yabo yokuthola ubulungisa kuzobenza babhekane nezinqumo eziyinkimbinkimbi.. Kuyodingeka bakhethe phakathi kokuphila ngaphansi kwengcindezelo noma ukukhululeka; phakathi kokuthandana noma ukuthobela izibopho zabo; phakathi kokwehluleka noma ukunqoba kwemibono yabo.
I-Gulf Conspiracy (1982)
Indaba iqala lapho ukuhlolwa kwe-athomu yakwa-Israeli kudala ukuphazamiseka e-Arabian Gulf. Lo mcimbi ucupha iwebhu eyindida yesenzo samazwe ngamazwe, edalula itulo elimangalisayo lokuthola ukulawula abantu base-Arab kusukela kwabafake izicelo eziphezulu.
Abalingiswa abakhulu bayintatheli ye-Anglo-Spanish kanye nenkanyezi ye-Crazy Horse Saloon. -i-cabaret yaseParis-. Bobabili abalingiswa bahileleka ngephutha ohambweni oluyingozi abangaluqondi kuze kuhlwe kakhulu.
Ukungaboni ngaso linye (1996)
Lo msebenzi uxoxa indaba ka-Africa Anglés, owesifazane owashada esemncane kakhulu ene-casanova evilaphayo nebukekayo.. Esimeni sempi yombango banendodakazi. Noma kunjalo, Umyeni ka-Anglés umshiyela isiphetho sakhe kowesifazane ovulekele kakhulu ubumnandi bombhede.
Ngemva kokulahlwa, ukuphila kwakhe kufana nokwazo zonke izintokazi zaseSpain. Ukuziphatha kwenkathi kaFranco kudinga ukuthi i-protagonist ayinakho ukukhetha ngaphandle kokuhamba nabazali bayo, inakekele indodakazi yakhe futhi iye ku-mass.
Nokho, uhambo oluya eMexico luletha izinguquko ezizozinza zonke izinsuku zakhe. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho i-Afrika iqala khona ukuphila ngokweqiniso -nakuba kufanele ngigcine imfihlo yakho konke okwenzekile-. Isakhiwo silandiswa ngokombono kaJavier, umshana omncane wama-Anglés. Umfana uthandana nomamncane wakhe; nokho, akakwazi ukukudalula. Noma kunjalo, uzama ukudalula izimfihlakalo azama ukuzifihla.
Ukwenziwa kwamazwe ngamazwe kweMpi Yombango YaseSpain (1971)
Kulomdlalo, UFernando Schwartz ufunda ngokuvela kwempi yombango kanye nezingxabano zangaphakathi nezamazwe ngamazwe ezadalwa. Umbhali uphenya abuye ahlaziye imimoya, imibono yezepolitiki kanye nokunyakaza okuhlobene nalesi sigameko. Ngokuhambisanayo, le ncwadi iveza amaphuzu amathathu ayisisekelo:
Amazwe ahlangene awo womabili amabutho (iJalimane, i-Italy neSoviet Union) azihlela kanjani futhi kungani ukuze asize izinhlangothi zombili?; Waba yini umthelela walezi zenzo kubantu ngabanye, futhi uboniswa kanjani njengomfanekiso wesizukulwane sabo? Yaqala kanjani impi yombango eSpain kuleso simo esimangalisayo sezombusazwe esigcwele ukwesaba Hitler kanye noMussolini? I-Swatch ihlola isiqalo, intuthuko kanye nomphumela wezenzakalo.
Ngaphila iminyaka yesiphepho (2012)
Ukwesaba nethemba kuyahlangana kubalingiswa bale ndaba: umndeni omkhulu ovela endaweni yaseSalamanca eMadrid.. Amalungu ahlangana ukuze athamele inguquko yaseSpain. Konke kwenzeka ngokwengqikithi yeminyaka engamashumi amathathu eyedlule phakathi kokuhlasela kweCarreto Blanco ngo-1973 nokuqhuma kwamabhomu e-Atocha ngo-2004.
Lola Ruiz de Olara —oyindodakazi yesithupha yamaMarquises aseVillaurbina— buyisa izinkumbulo zakho. Ngedayari yakhe uxoxa indaba yomndeni wakhe kanye neSpain uqobo. Izehlakalo zeminyaka ekhathazayo zembulwa zigcwele ubuhlungu, ububele, uthando nokuhlekisa, kanye nokuhlakanipha okungavamile.
Amaqhawe ezinsuku ezedlule (2016)
Kule ncwadi umfundi unethuba lokuphinde ahlangane noMarie noManuel, abalingiswa basenovelini Vichy, 1940. Bobabili abalingiswa bahlukaniswa yimpi kanye nochungechunge lwezenzakalo ezimbi ezimbi. Bakhathele ukufa nokungqubuzana, badlula kuzo zonke izithiyo ukuze babuyelane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indaba ine-protagonist yesithathu: u-Domingo, i-anarchist yaseSpain.
Isakhiwo salo msebenzi siqala ngo-August 24, 1944, lapho iLa Nueva - iqoqo lamaRiphabhulikhi emvelaphi yaseSpain- hlasela iParis futhi uthola ukuzinikela kwebutho laseJalimane. Le noveli ilandela izehlakalo ezivela eFrance ziye e-Algeria, ukufika kwenkampani eNormandy, bese kuba nokushaywa kokugcina endaweni yaseFrance.
Mayelana nombhali, uFernando Schwartz Girón
UFernando Schwartz
UFernando Schwartz Girón wazalwa ngo-1937, eGeneva, eSwitzerland. Wakhulela emndenini ozinikele ebuhlotsheni bamazwe ngamazwe. Uyise, uJuan Schwartz Díaz-Flores, wayeyinxusa laseSpain e-Austria, kanti umfowabo, uPedro Schwartz, isazi sezomnotho esinenkululeko esaziwayo. UFernando wafunda e-Colegio Nuestra Señora del Pilar, futhi wazinikela ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zokuxhumana kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke.
Ngaphezu kokuba idiplomat nombhali, Usebenze njengoprofesa wemibono ophikweni lobuntatheli be El País, e-Autonomous University of Madrid. Uphinde waba ngumethuli wohlelo I-+Plus, waseCanal +, kanye noMáximo Pradera no-Ana García-Siñeriz, phakathi kuka-1995 no-2004. Ngo-2006 wethula isimiso I-Schwartz & Co. kumabonakude we-Autonomous IB3. Uphinde waqokwa kuma-a Umklomelo Weplanethi okwenoveli I-Gulf Conspiracy.
Eminye imisebenzi ephawulekayo kaFernando Schwartz
- Ukuziphindiselela (1988);
- Kuwait (1990);
- Indlovukazi yaseSerbia (1993)
- umuntu omubi kakhulu emhlabeni (1999/;
- Ukuqaliswa kanye nomcabango ongokomfanekiso e-pharaonic Egypt (1999);
- INingizimu yeCarthage (2000);
- I-Beth Loring Hoax (2000);
- Imfundo nokuphumula. Anecdotes of diplomacy (2000);
- Ngishintsha okubili kwamashumi amabili nanhlanu kokukodwa kwamashumi amahlanu (2002);
- Isitsha se-lacquer (2008);
- Inkosi yase-oases (2009);
- Myeke ahambe (2019);
- I-Meneses e-Skopelos (2021);
- Impilo yenhlanhla. Izinkumbulo (2022).