Isicaphuna sikaManuel Vázquez Montalban
I-Spain of the seventies isilungiselelo esikhethwe umbhali ukukhombisa konke okungase kube ngemuva kobugebengu obuyimfihlakalo. Nakuba kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi inoveli ulwandle oluseningizimu, ngumbhali waseCatalan uManuel Vásquez Montalbán, weqa uhlobo lwamaphoyisa. Lokhu mhlawumbe okudume kakhulu nokufundwa kabanzi ochungechungeni lwabaseshi bombhali.
Ngokufanayo, le ncwadi eyashicilelwa ngo-1979 yayisohlwini lwamanoveli ayikhulu ekhulunyaka lamashumi amabili lika- Izwe. Hhayi ize, umfundi uthola ukulandisa okuhlakaniphile okufakwe esakhiweni samaphoyisa sempumelelo enhle futhi yakhelwe eduze komlingiswa odumile: umphenyi uPepe Carvalho. Okusho ukuthi, umbhalo onazo zonke izici zokushicilelwa okuthengwa kakhulu.
Isifinyezo se- Izilwandle zaseningizimu
Indlela
Ukubonakala komuntu ofile esakhiweni esakhiwayo e-Barcelona iqala uphenyo lwangasese ukuze kutholwe izimbangela. Umufi ubengusomabhizinisi, uStuart Pedrell, obekumele athathe uhambo olunqamula iSouth Seas ngonyaka odlule. Kodwa-ke, isidumbu esitholakala egcekeni lomsebenzi siveza enye into, inothi: "akekho ozongiyisa eningizimu."
Ngalesi sizathu, umfelokazi nguPedrell wanquma ukuqasha umphenyi ozimele u-Pepe Carvalho. Ngale ndlela, okungacatshangwayo kuqala ukutholakala kanye nokuvela kwezinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene nezingaqondakali. Ekugcineni, umphenyi uthola ukuthi usomabhizinisi obulewe wayeguqule igama lakhe ngaphambi kokuzinza endaweni eseceleni yedolobha laseCatalan.
Ukuthuthukiswa
U-Pepe Carvalho uhlangabezana nezigigaba ezimangalisayo ngenkathi ezama ukuxazulula ukubulala. Kamuva, umphenyi uthola ukuthi uPedrell wanquma ukuyiyeka indlela yakhe yokuphila kasomabhizinisi ophumelelayo ukuze ungaziwa. Esinye isici esibalulekile nesibophezelayo ngokugwazwa kwalo somabhizinisi ukukhulelwa kwenkosikazi yakhe.
Ingemuva linikezwe inhloko-dolobha yaseCatalonia ngesikhathi sikaFranco. Ngesikhathi esibalulekile, uCarvalho udalula ukuthi umufi empeleni ubengusomabhizinisi ohlotshaniswa nezikhulu ezikhohlakele. yobushiqela. Ngale ndlela, kuvezwa umphakathi owonakaliswe amandla obushiqela; umongo lapho u-Pedrell nabalingani bakhe abazithole ngokungafanele bazicebisa khona.
I-Análisis
Izilwandle zaseningizimu -njengawo wonke umsebenzi wombhali waseCatalan— ibukeza izenzakalo zomlando ezinjengameva ezenzeka eSpain phakathi nekhulu lama-XNUMX. Ukubuyekezwa okushiwo kwesikhathi esedlule kusondela kumbono obucayi kakhulu futhi oqinile ngegama. Ngokufanayo, ngesikhathi kushicilelwa le noveli kwakuyisikhathi esibucayi eSpain, ekuguqukeleni ngokugcwele kuntando yeningi.
Leso simo sithola isizwe sase-Iberia siphakathi kwenhlekelele enkulu yezenhlalo nezomnotho. Ngokuhambisana, kwaba nokuqagela okuningi (ikakhulukazi ngentengo yezinto zokwakha) kanye nenkohlakalo. Konke lokhu kubonakala ku-Barcelona ephawulwe ukuhlukaniswa okuyingozi komphakathi nangenxa yokungaqiniseki okukhona.
I-Transcendence kanye nefa
Izilwandle zaseningizimu Bekuyinoveli yesine eshicilelwe nguVázquez Montalbán umlingiswa wakhe ophambili kwakungumphenyi uPepe Carvalho. Ngokushesha ngemva kokwethulwa, lesi sihloko sanconywa abagxeki bemibhalo baseSpain nabaseYurophu njengesibonelo esihle sokuxoxwa kwezindaba zabaseshi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kubhekwa njengomsebenzi odume kakhulu womlobi owazalelwa e-Barcelona (empeleni, wawina umklomelo wePlaneta).
Lokhu kwazisa kuwuhlobo lwesigwebo esingaboli, njengoba sisasebenza kuze kube namuhla. Ngendlela efanayo, umthelela womlingiswa womseshi u-Pepe Carvalho ube nomthelela emhlabeni jikelele (futhi ihlala isikhathi eside). Lokhu kuboniswa yidatha elandelayo:
- Ngo 1992, Izilwandle zaseningizimu iguqulelwe kusikrini esikhulu ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukaManuel Esteban futhi ibonise abalingisi abaholwa nguJuan Luis Galiardo, uJean-Pierre Aumont noSilvia Tortosa, phakathi kwabanye.
- Kusukela ngo-2006, uMkhandlu Wedolobha LaseBarcelona uklonyeliswe ngendondo yePepe Carvalho kubabhali bakazwelonke nabangaphandle abane-trajectory ephawulekayo ohlotsheni lwe inoveli emnyama noma yamaphoyisa
- Umbhali u-Andrea Camilleri ugqugquzelwe yi- UDetective Carvalho ngenkathi enza uhlamvu lwakhe lukakhomishana uSalvo Montalbano (i-Italianization yesibongo sombhali we-Barcelona). Ngisho nasezindabeni zikaCamilleri, uMontalbano uchazwa njengomlandeli othembekile wamanoveli wamaphoyisa kaVázquez Montalbán.
Mayelana nombhali: UManuel Vázquez Montalban
Isicaphuna sikaManuel Vázquez Montalban
Umdali we Izilwandle zaseningizimu wayengumbhali, imbongi, umbhali wendatshana, umhlaziyi kanye ne-gastronome, owazalwa ngoJuni 14, 1939 eBarcelona, eSpain. Wayewukuphela kwengane, wahlangana noyise, owayesejele, eneminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Kamuva, wafunda iFilosofi nezincwadi eNyuvesi yaseBarcelona. Lapho, wahlangana no-Anna Sallés, amshada ngo-1961.
Ngemva kwesikhathi sakhe sasenyuvesi, uVázquez Montalbán wanikela ingxenye enkulu yempilo yakhe ekubambeni iqhaza kwezombusazwe kanye nomsebenzi wobuntatheli. Waze wavukela ezinhlanganweni eziningi zezombangazwe ezinokuthambekela kokumelene noFranco. Lesi sikhundla esiphambene nombuso sibonakale nasemisebenzini yakhe yobuntatheli. Ngenxa yalokho, waboshwa futhi wahlala eyisiboshwa isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka.
Umdali okhiqiza kakhulu futhi othize ngempela
U-Manuel Vázquez Montalbán wayeyindoda eyazi ukugcina ibhalansi phakathi kohwebo oluhlukahlukene. Nakuba kusukela ekuqaleni wayegxile kwezombusazwe kanye nobuntatheli, kamuva wasebenzisa ubizo lwakhe lokubhala kwaze kwaba yizinsuku zakhe zokugcina.. Ukwengeza, ubeyi-gastronome, imbongi, umbhali wesandulelo futhi owaziwa kabanzi ngokuba umhlaziyi okhuthele.
Ngasekupheleni kwempilo
Umbhali we-Barcelona uthole indawo emlandweni wakamuva wezincwadi zeSpanishi njengomlandeli omkhulu wobugebengu noma amanoveli wabaphenyi. Okuningi kwalokhu kuqashelwa kungenxa yochungechunge lweCarvalho. Kodwa-ke, kufushane kakhulu ukuchaza ukukhiqizwa kwemibhalo eningi yombhali wesiCatalan eduze nomseshi oshiwo ngenhla.
Ngokuphelele, ngaphansi kwesiginesha ye-Vázquez Montalbán kunamaqoqo ezinkondlo ayishumi nantathu, amanoveli angamashumi amathathu nane, izindaba ezimfushane eziyishumi nambili kanye nezindatshana ezingaphezu kwamashumi ayisithupha.. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wayengumbhali ngokubambisana wezincwadi ezimbalwa futhi washicilela imibhalo eminingi ehlanganisa ama-anthologies, imidlalo nemidlalo yomsakazo. Leso sivinini sokudala esimangalisayo sanqanyulwa ukufa okungazelelwe (ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo), okwenzeka eBangkok ngo-Okthoba 18, 2003.