UFélix de Azúa ungumbhali waseSpain othathwa njengomunye wabahloli abavelele bezincwadi zekhulu lama-XNUMX. Ugqame njengembongi, umbhali wamanoveli, nombhali wezindaba; izici akhombise kuzo isitayela esimnyama futhi esikhohlisayo. Ngesikhathi somsebenzi wakhe ukwazile ukuwina imiklomelo eminingana ebalulekile, njengomklomelo weHerralde de Novela kanye nomklomelo weCaballero Bonald International Essay.
Futhi ugcine umsebenzi wakhe wobungcweti eduze nokufundisa nobuntatheli. Ngo-2011, washicilela isihloko sakhe esithi "Against Jeremías" ephephandabeni El País, lapho athola khona ukuqashelwa kobuntatheli nguCésar González-Ruano. Ngo-2015 wangena eqenjini elikhethiwe le- amalungu eRoyal Spanish Academy, lapho uH.
Umlando omfishane wombhali
Umbhali uFélix de Azúa wazalwa ngeSonto ngo-Ephreli 30, 1944 edolobheni laseSpain iBarcelona. Ngemuva kokuqeda isikole esiphakeme, wangena eNyuvesi yaseBarcelona, lapho athola khona iziqu zeFilosofi nezincwadi. Eminyakeni eyalandela, endlini efanayo yezifundo, wathola iziqu zemfundo ephakeme kakhulu enyuvesi: Doctor of Philosophy.
Impilo yasemsebenzini
Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-80, wasebenza njengoprofesa weSihlalo weFilosofi neSayensi e-University of the Basque Country. Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, unikeze amakilasi e-Aesthetics naseTheory of Arts ePolytechnic University yaseCatalonia. Kamuva, waqondisa iCervantes Institute eParis (1993-1995). Njengamanje usebenzisana nabezindaba ezithile ezibhaliwe zaseSpain, njenge Iphephandaba laseCatalonia y We bafowethu.
Umsebenzi wokubhala kaFélix de Azúa
Izinkondlo
Uqale emhlabeni wokubhala njengembongi ngokushicilelwa kwe: Izitoko ze-Otter (1968), owokuqala kwabayisishiyagalolunye izincwadi zezinkondlo. Kusukela lapho ubethathwa njengengxenye yesizukulwane "esisha sha"; hhayi ngeze, ngo-1970 yafakwa ku-anthology Izimbongi eziyisishagalolunye ezintsha zaseSpain. Umbhali waseCatalan ubonwe ngamazwi akhe avaliwe futhi abandayo, enezindikimba eziphathelene nobuze nokungabi nalutho.
Umsebenzi wezinkondlo wombhali
- Izitoko ze-Otter (1968)
- Iveyili ebusweni buka-Agamemnon (1966-1969) (1970)
- U-Edgar eStéphane (1971)
- Ulimi lwe-lime (1972)
- Phasa nezingoma eziyisikhombisa (1977)
- Izinkondlo Anthology (1968-1978) (1979)
- UFarra (1983)
- Izinkondlo Anthology (1968-1989) (1989)
- I-Anthology Yokugcina Yegazi (Izinkondlo 1968-2007) (2007)
Novelas
Ngo-1972, umbhali wethula indaba yakhe yokuqala: Izifundo zeJena; ukusuka lapho ushicilele imisebenzi eyi-9 ephelele yalolu hlobo. Phakathi kwemisebenzi yakhe njengombhali wamanoveli uyabonakala Idayari yendoda ehlazekile (1987), athola ngayo indondo yeHerralde de Novela ngawo lowo nyaka. Ngepeni lakhe, iSpanish ibambe isitayela lapho kulawula khona ubuhlanga nokuhlekisa.
Umsebenzi wokulandisa
- Izifundo zeJena (1972)
- Izifundo ezimisiwe (1978)
- Isifundo sokugcina (1981)
- UMansura (1984)
- Indaba yesilima njengoba isitshele yena noma Okuqukethwe yinjabulo (1986)
- Idayari yendoda ehlazekile (1987)
- Ukushintshwa kwefulegi (1991)
- Imibuzo eminingi kakhulu (1994)
- Izikhathi zokuthatha isinqumo (2000)
ama-eseyi
Umbhali uthathwa njengomunye we- ababhali bama-eseyi evelele kakhulu eSpain; Kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe ukhiqize izincwadi ezingaphezu kwama-25 kulolu hlobo lwe-didactic. Ingxenye yokuhlonishwa kwakhe yafika ngonyaka we-2014 neCaballero Bonald International Essay Award, ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe: Umbhalo omfishane wephepha (2013). Isitolimende sakhe sokugcina ngale ndlela kwakuyi: Isenzo sesithathu (2020).
Ezinye izincwadi zikaFélix de Azúa
Indaba yesilima njengoba isitshele yena noma Okuqukethwe yinjabulo (1986)
Kuyinoveli eyenzeka eSpain maphakathi nekhulu lamashumi amabili, ngemuva nje kokuphela kweMpi Yombango. I-protagonist yenza ukubuyela emuva kuyo yonke impilo yakhe, kusuka ebuntwaneni kuya ebudaleni. Inhloso yalo enkulu ukuhlola injabulo kuleso naleso sigaba, ngaphezu kokubheka eminye imithetho, efana nale: inkolo, uthando nobudlelwano bezocansi; ipolitiki, phakathi kwabanye.
Lapho ebukeza ezinye izithombe kusukela eseyingane, uzohlangana nesinye lapho akhonjiswa khona emamatheka, noma ngubani angahumusha njengenjabulo. Kepha, kulapho-ke lokhu iqala ukungabaza ngale ncazelo, eyehlukile ngaphambi kokufuna injabulo yomuntu. Njengokungathi kuyilingo lokucwaninga elebhu, uzokhipha izimo ezahlukahlukene ngamunye ngamunye ukuze aqinisekise umbono wakhe.
Idayari yendoda ehlazekile (1987)
Kuyinto yamahlaya amnyama asethwe eBarcelona, okuyi ichaza indaba yendoda engaphezu kweminyaka engama-40, elandisa ngokuphila kwayo kumuntu wokuqala. Kuyena, ukubhanelwa ukuphela kwento enikeza injongo yokuba khona komuntu, i-hypothesis ekhonjiswa ezinkumbulweni eziningana kulo lonke icebo. Lokhu kwehlukaniswe kwaba izingcezu ezintathu: "Indoda eyiBanal", "Ubungozi Bokubaluleka" nokuthi "Bulala iSilo".
Ezigabeni ezimbili zokuqala Isizinda somndeni we-protagonist kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe kwezinye izindawo zaseBarcelona kuyabikwa. Ngenkathi elapho, uzohlangana nesigelekeqe azogcina esebenza naso ngemuva kokuzethemba. Esiqeshini sokugcina, ingane eneminyaka emine izocwiliswa endaweni yokuzibhubhisa, lapho umphathi wakhe ezozama ukumsindisa khona.
Ukushintshwa kwefulegi (1991)
Kuyinto inoveli yahlelwa ezweni laseBasque ngawo-30, elandiswa ngendlela yefa. Njenge-protagonist, iveza onxiwankulu, okuthi, uma bezikholelwa njengomuntu othanda izwe, bakhathazeke ngokufuna indiza ezohlasela isitha sodwa. Umlingisi oqavile kuzofanele abe nenkulumompikiswano phakathi kokuthembeka ezweni lakhe noma ukuba yiqhawe "eliwumbuka" ukunqoba isitha.
Njengoba ubhekene nokudideka kwakho, kuzodingeka nokuthi ubhekane nenqwaba yabakhapheli. Isithandwa seNavarrese, i-gudari enonya, umpristi we-psychopathic kanye nommeli we-Falangist bazoba yingxenye yale ndaba. Ekuqaleni, icebo likhula ngesigqi esisheshayo futhi esididayo, kepha liyasheshisa ngokuqhubekayo ukukhombisa ekugcineni iphazili lapho zonke izingcezu zihlangana khona ngokuphelele.
Umbhali uyavuma engxoxweni abe nayo naleli phephandaba We bafowethu, owenza inoveli ngokujoyina izindaba ezimbili zangempela. Eyodwa, engubaba wentombi yakhe yokuqala ehlelekile, umnumzana waseRepublican nowezwe owahlala wakhathazeka ngokutshala imali yakhe ekuhlaseleni uFranco. Futhi enye, idrama yesikhulu sase-Italy ahlangana nayo eminyakeni eyi-15 kamuva, owayesezingxoxweni zokudlulisela izwe laseBasque e-Italy.
Igazi lokugcina (Izinkondlo 1968-2007) (2007)
Leli qoqo lezinkondlo elethulwa ngo-2007 lihlanganisa cishe iminyaka engamashumi amane yomsebenzi wombhali wezinkondlo, ofaka nezinye izingoma ezingashicilelwe. Kule ncwadi ungabona ukuvela kanye nesitayela esihlukile sombhali, leyo eyamangaza bonke abafundi eminyakeni yama-70s. I-anthology iqukethe izinkondlo eziyizifanekiselo, ezazingakaze ziphinde zikhishwe kuze kube yileso sikhathi.
Umbhalo omfishane wephepha (2013)
Kuyindatshana lapho umbhali avakasha khona ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe ezinhlakeni ezihlukene zemibhalo. Phakathi kwemigqa uchaza ukuqala kwakhe njengembongi, izinyathelo zakhe ngamanoveli nobunzima bendatshana. Ubuye achaze ukungena kwakhe kwezobuntatheli, uhlobo aluthatha njengoluphumelele kakhulu maqondana neqiniso lamanje esiphila kulo.
Ngalokhu okuthunyelwe, umbhali ufuna ukunikeza umbono wakhe ngokuthi zonke izinhlobo zemibhalo zivele kanjani kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikakhulukazi ngekhulu leminyaka elidlule. U-Azúa wethula abalingiswa abaningi bangempela abangenelela kulezi zigaba zomsebenzi wakhe, ngaphandle kokubandakanya impilo yakhe yangasese.
