Alvaro Lozano Ungudokotela wenhliziyo ngokomsebenzi futhi ungumbhali wamanoveli omlando ngesikhathi sakhe sokuphumula. ushicilele irene wase-Athene, ebekwe enkathini yaseByzantium, neyokugcina, ukukhohlwa nonya. Usitshela ngaye kulokhu ingxoxo. Ngibonga kakhulu ngesikhathi sakho nomusa ekungikhonzeni.
U-Alvaro Lozano - Ingxoxo
- ACTUALIDAD LITERATURA: Inoveli yakho yakamuva inesihloko ukukhohlwa nonya. Usitshelani ngakho futhi umqondo wavelaphi?
U-ÁLVARO LOZANO: Umbono wokuqala wencwadi uvele kumlingiswa we UMaria de Padilla. Ekuqaleni kwakuzoba inoveli ngaye, kodwa njengoba ngingena ngijula esigabeni sokubhalwa kwemibhalo, ngathola zonke lezo. abesifazane owayebe nomthelela ngandlela-thile empilweni yeNkosi uDon Pedro the Cruel noma basize ukuchaza ngezindaba zabo ukuthi bekungubani.
Njengosevillian, ngikhule ngilalela abaningi izinganekwane Ithini le nkosi emzini wami. Ngandlela thize, bengihlala ngimthanda, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthatheka abahlulwa abavame ukukusebenzisa kithi, futhi leso siteketiso kaPetru Ononya akuzange kubonakale kulungile kimi.
Ukuhlanganisa zonke lezi zakhi, nganquma ukubhala inoveli lapho uDon Pedro ayengeyena umlingiswa oyinhloko, kodwa kunalokho abesifazane ababemzungezile futhi bamchaza, okuyinto, ngesikhathi esifanayo, engivumela ukuba ngakhe isithombe senkosi ngemibono ehlukene.
UPeter I Ononya
Ngale ndlela, esahlukweni sokuqala sithola uPedro I the Cruel ngendlela ehlanzekile, noma okungenani umfanekiso wakhe oye wasinda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokulandelayo, ngibonisa inkosi ngombono walaba besifazane: susingamama wakho, umkakho, isithandwa sakho, izicukuthwane obekufanele ashade naye.
ngoba nakhu enye indaba ephathwayo yenoveli, uma kungenzeka ngempela ukwazi okwenzeka esikhathini esidlule, uma singabhala ngomlando ngaphandle kokuthatha uhlangothi, uma singathemba imithombo. Futhi u-Don Pedro nesikhathi sakhe yisibonelo esiphelele, isikhathi lapho sinenguqulo eyodwa kuphela nalapho izinganekwane zihlotshaniswa neqiniso elalikhona noma okungenzeka.
Ingabe u-Don Pedro unguJusticero noma Unonya? Futhi namanje: obani laba besifazane? Nokho, umsebenzi ofanayo wokusula noma ukuhlanekezela impilo yenkosi yonke yaseCastile usetshenziswa ngokucophelela kulezi abesifazane, ubuntu babo bulahlekile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi ekugcineni buncishiswe ku ama-archetypes womfel' ukholo, umfazi ozidelayo, ongcwele, isifebe. Ngoba iyona ndlela kuphela ababhali bezikhathi abakwazi ukucabanga ngabesifazane. Konke lokhu, nokunye okuningi ukukhohlwa nonya.
izimiso nababhali
- KUYA KU: ¿Ungakwazi yini ukukhumbula ukufunda kwakho kokuqala? Futhi indaba yokuqala oyibhalile?
AL: Bengilokhu ngi umfundi osemdala. Kakade ngiseyingane, umama wangithethisa ngoba izincwadi zami ngasheshe ngaqeda. Lokhu kwaholela ngokushesha ekukhathaleni kwezincwadi zezingane ezazisekhaya ngase ngishintshela ezincwadini “zabantu abadala,” futhi ezokuqala zaba Stephen King y Agatha Christie.
Mayelana nendaba yokuqala, angikwazanga ukusho ukuthi iyiphi. Ngaqala ukubhala ngisemusha futhi ngikhumbula ngibhala izindaba ukuba eskoleni bese ngiwadlulisela kubalingani bami bedeski ukuze bazifunde. wabhala kusuka ukuguqulwa kwezinganekwane zakudala up izindaba ezikhona lapho usemusha ahlushwe okuhambisana naleyo minyaka.
- KUYA KU: Umbhali oyinhloko? Ungakhetha ngaphezu kweyodwa nakuzo zonke izinkathi.
AL: Ziningi kakhulu. Ngifunde konke. Enye yezincwadi engizikhonzile ngaso sonke isikhathi yile I-Iliad kaHomer. Ngingasho amagama UFlaubert, UDostoevsky, IGaldos, Poe, Genet, Arendt, Sanchez Ferlosio, Garcia Hortelano, Marias, Eco, Roth, Saramago, kanye nababhali abaningi bamanje uCarrére, Vuillard, De Vigan, UMariana Enriquez...
- KUYA KU: Yimuphi umlingiswa encwadini obungathanda ukuhlangana naye futhi umakhe?
AL: Maningi, kodwa ngihlala ngicabanga ngeyodwa engicabanga ukuthi ayaziwa kakhulu noma ayaziwa kakhulu, futhi injalo Baudolino, kusukela kunoveli yegama elifanayo Umberto Echo. ngenhla Igama le-roseYinoveli engiyithanda kakhulu kweyakhe. U-Baudolino, ukukubeka ngandlela thile, ungumqambimanga ngomsebenzi futhi lapho etshela impilo yakhe, umlando, umcabango, ukukhohlisa kanye nefantasy kuxutshwe. Lolo hlobo lokubheka inoveli yomlando bekulokhu kungikhanga ngempela futhi umlingisi muhle kakhulu.
Amasiko nezinhlobo
- KUYA KU: Iyiphi into ekhethekile yokuzilibazisa noma umkhuba uma kuziwa ekubhaleni noma ekufundeni?
KUYA KU: Lapho ngiqeda incwadi Angikwazi ukulala noma ngiqale ukwenza noma yini enye, njalo Kufanele ngiqale okulandelayo. Ngicabanga ukuthi yindlela yokungabi yintandane, ukuhlala ugxile endabeni.
Futhi ubhekise ku bhala, uma ngi ukhiye, ngiya ukugeza, futhi lapho cishe njalo ngithola indlela yokuphuma ku-jam.
- KUYA KU: Futhi indawo yakho oyithandayo nesikhathi sokwenza?
AL: Ngivame ukubhala ku ntambama, okuyilapho nginesikhathi sokuphumula. Futhi uma isimo sezulu sisihle, ngithanda ukukwenza endaweni Ithala.
- KUYA KU: Zikhona ezinye izinhlobo ozithandayo?
AL: Ngifunda yonke into, kodwa ngicabanga ukuthi engikufunda kakhulu futhi engikuthanda kakhulu njengohlobo (ngicabanga ukuthi ezakudala azihlukaniseki), ngaphandle kokulandisa kwesimanje, isayensi yeqiniso futhi i ukwesaba.
Ukufundwa namaphrojekthi
- KUYA KU: Ufundani manje? Futhi ukubhala?
AL: Ngiqeda nje Laba, kaMary Renault, ohlelweni oluhlanganyelwe lwamanoveli amabili ahlanganisa i-Edhasa ewakhiphile, futhi ngakuthola kumane kuncomeka kakhulu. Ngiyaqala idayari yesela, kaJean Genet, esanda kukhishwa kabusha (sekuyiminyaka ngiyifuna leyo ncwadi) futhi ngokuncane enginakho, kakade kubonakala kumangalisa.
Ngokuqondene nalokho engiyikho ngokubhalaNgeke ngikwazi ukukutshela okuningi okwamanje. Ngizosho nje ukuthi kulokhu umlingiswa oyinhloko wesilisa nokuthi ngibuyele emuva emuva kwesikhathi lokho encwadini yami yokugcina.
Umbono wamanje
- KUYA KU: Ucabanga ukuthi isigcawu sokushicilela sinjani sisonke?
AL: Ngibe kulo mhlaba isikhathi esifushane futhi Angazi kakhulu mayelana nokungena nokuphuma kwayo ngokwanele ukwakha umbono ngakho. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwami kuyamangalisa, ngingaba namazwi amahle kuphela endlu yami yokushicilela, i-Edhasa, kanye nomhleli wami u-Penelope Acero, kodwa ngiyazi ukuthi izinto azilula kangako. Yebo nginawo umbono njengomfundi, ukuthi cinani lezincwadi ezishicilelwe liyahlekisa, nokuthi, ngokuvamile, izinga lokubhala labaningi babo, okungenani, liyangabazeka, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi mangaki amakhophi abawathengisayo. Ngifunde izinhlobo ezihlukene kakhulu, futhi njengomfundi othanda izinto eziningi, engikufunayo ngencwadi ukuthi ibe izincwadi ezinhle, futhi ukuthola lokho, kufanele ukhethe kakhulu.
- KUYA:Usiphatha kanjani lesi sikhathi samanje esiphila kuso? Ingabe ukuthola kukhuthaza ezindabeni zesikhathi esizayo?
AL: Ngikuthatha ngendlela engikwazi ngayo, ngokwesula. I Ngingomunye wabantu abangenathemba: Ngikholelwa ukuthi ikusasa limnyama kakhulu futhi kuncane okungenziwa ukuligwema, ngokuyisisekelo ngoba asifuni. Siphila ezweni lapho wonke umuntu ezibhekela yena. Sesilahlekelwe yiwo wonke amandla ozwelo, futhi okuwukuphela kwento ebalulekile ukuthi noma yimuphi umbono, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukude kangakanani, kufanele ucatshangelwe, ubekezelelwe. Kuyindida kaPopper yokubekezelelana ephenduke iphupho elibi, ngoba ngokubekezelela okungabekezeleleki siqonda ngqo eweni.
Angikakalokothi ngibhale isayensi yeqiniso i-dystopian, kepha uma kukhona umbono ozungeza ikhanda lami, ngokuba yiwo ubulili obubodwa lapho ikusasa esibheke kulo lingagxiliswa khona.