Ababhali abangazange bawine umklomelo kaNobel Wezincwadi

Ngonyaka lapho umklomelo weNobel in Literature umisiwe eminyakeni eyi-117 yomkhondo, bukeza umlando wenye ye- imiklomelo ehlonishwa kakhulu ngezincwadi kusenze satakula laba abalandelayo ababhali abangazange bawine umklomelo kaNobel Wezincwadi. Ababhali abathi ngaphandle kwempumelelo ebucayi neyomphakathi kuyo yonke imisebenzi yabo babehlala beqokelwa ukuthola amachibi.

UHaruki Murakami

Labo babhali abangakaze bawine iNobel Prize for Literature baziwa ngokuthi «izicukuthwane ezilahlekile«. Idizayini iHaruki Murakami yaseJapan engummeleli omkhulu kunabo bonke. Umuntu ozongenela okuphakade umklomelo weSweden Academy kanye negama elivela minyaka yonke emachibini, umbhali weTokyo Blues noKafka osebeni kuye kwasibekelwa abanye ababhali abanemvelaphi yaseJapan abathole iNobel efana ne Kazuo Ishiguro. Phakathi kwezizathu ezenze ukuthi uMurakami anqatshelwe lo mklomelo, kunemibono ehlukahlukene, kubandakanya nesimo sokuthengisa kakhulu imisebenzi yakhe eseyizuzile nokuthi i-Academy iyithanda kangakanani, noma umlingiswa wenoveli okhanyayo okhonjiswe ngabagxeki abahlukahlukene ekuqaleni kwakhe lapho kubhekiswa khona ngesitayela sakhe esilula. Kodwa-ke, siyakwethemba lokho umbhali waseJapan odume kakhulu emhlabeni uwine lo mklomelo ngelinye ilanga.

Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, omunye wababhali abaphindayo emachibini weNobel Prize in Literature kube nguThiong'o, umbhali wemvelaphi yaseKenya bavikela isiko lesizwe samaKikuyu, ezobuciko obenziwayo, ulimi lwayo nemibhalo ebhekene nokucindezelwa kwamandla amakoloni. Umbhali wemisebenzi esevele eyingxenye yomlando wesimanje wase-Afrika njenge Uhlamvu lukakolweni noma i-eseyi enconyiwe Nciphisa ingqondo, lo mbhali odingiselwe ezweni lakubo kufanele abe yindondo ngenxa yokusebenza kwakhe kanzima njengommeli nezwi lezwekazi elimnyama. Izizathu namanje azikaziwa.

Jorge Luis Borges

Uma kukhona umbhali waseLatin America ofanelwe yiNobel, kwakunguJorge Luis Borges. UMenzi we iprozi elizoshintsha unomphela umkhondo wezincwadi zekhulu lama-XNUMXUBorges wayezwakala njengomuntu ozongenela ukhetho eminyakeni engamashumi amabili ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe ngo-1986 engakaze abe ngumnqobi. Eqinisweni, unyaka igama lakhe elakhala kakhulu kwaba ngu-1976, noma kunjalo umhlangano wakhe noPinochet owawungoSepthemba 22 wakhona ukumlahla ngokuphelele. Esinye futhi isizathu sokucabanga ukuthi, njengoba kwenzeka ngombhali we-The Aleph, abanye ababhali abakaze bathole lo mklomelo ngezizathu zezepolitiki.

Virginia Woolf

Ilungu lesigcawu semibhalo esikhethiwe saseLondon sama-20 kanye nomunye wabesifazane kusize ukuhlanganiswa kwesifazane Ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zomphakathi, uVirginia Woolf kwadingeka angene ngesikhathi lapho i-machismo ihlasela yonke into. Empeleni, ukungakwazi komuntu wesifazane ukubhala emhlabeni obuswa ngabesilisa kwakuyisihloko esikhulu se indatshana yakhe edumile Igumbi Elakhe, umsebenzi owawuzophinde utholakale ngeminyaka yama-70s ngesikhathi senhlangano yabesifazane. Umbhali wemisebenzi edumile njenge UNkk Dalloway noma e-Lighthouse, UWoolf weqiwa yi-Academy ngesikhathi lapho umhlaba wawubonakala ungakulungele ukuklomelisa umbhali wesifazane.

Franz KAFKA

Umbhali wemvelaphi yamaJuda ungomunye we ezinethonya elikhulu ezincwadini zangekhulu lama-XNUMX ngokwakha izindaba ezingajwayelekile, zisuswe ngokuphelele kulokho okwakucatshangwa kuze kube manje. Umbhali we- amanoveli i-The Trial, The Castle, The Missing kanye ne-Metamorphosis edumileUKafka akakaze awine iNobel Prize for Literature, ngokusho kochwepheshe, ngombono wombhalo i-Academy eyayingakawulungeli. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi sibonisile njengombhali onethonya lakhe kumagagin wamanje nasemibhalweni yezincwadi etholakala ngokuphelele.

U-Leo Tolstoy

Basho lokho ngesikhathi umgubho woMklomelo KaNobel wokuqala Wezincwadi ngo-1901, uLeon Tolstoy waseRussia uzwakale njengomuntu oyinhloko ozonqoba lo mklomelo. Kodwa-ke, ekugcineni yawela kumbongi waseFrance uSully Prudhome. Eminyakeni eyalandela, ngemuva kokushicilelwa kwencwadi yisifundiswa saseSweden uKjell Espmarkse esachaza izizathu ezaholela kulo mklomelo, kwafundwa ukuthi i-Academy yenqabile ukumnikeza lo mklomelo, ibheka nomsebenzi wakhe "njengokuphikisana namasiko" ngokungahambisani namasiko. ISonto noMbuso. Ukwenqatshwa umbhali we Impi nokuthula Ufike wazobonga, ethi "uncamele ukungayitholi imali egcwele ububi."

James Joyce

Ngokusho kukaGabriel García Márquez, UJames Joyce wayengumbhali onethonya elikhulu ngekhulu lama-XNUMX ngezizathu eziningi. Kodwa eyinhloko kwakuyikhono lakhe lokukwenza lungisa i-classic efana neHomer's Odyssey iye kuma-1910s eDublin unikeze inoveli ehehayo futhi mhlawumbe yeqe ngokweqile ngesikhathi sayo. Empeleni, njengoba kushiwo yisifundiswa esishiwo ngenhla uKjell Espmark, "i-Academy ibingazilungiselele lolu hlobo olusha lwezincwadi, ithembele kakhulu ezincwadini zamasiko." Umeluleki wesizukulwane esisabungaza abadumile Bloomsday Njalo ngoJuni 16, uJoyce ungomunye wokukhohlwa okukhulu yikomidi Lomklomelo weNobel.

UJulio Cortazar

Ngaphandle komqondo wokuthi lokho okubizwa nge- "Latin American boom" obekucatshangwa ngeminyaka yama-60s, uJulio Cortázar wayengumbhali owaguqula isitayela nendlela yokuxoxa izindaba. Isibonelo, umsebenzi wakhe uhlala Rayuela, okwakuyinselele kubafundi besikhathi sakhe (nanamuhla). Ngaleso sikhathi, umbhali wabuzwa ukuthi angathanda yini ukuwina iNobel Prize for Literature, uCortázar aphendula kuyo wathi "Yebo, ngithanda ukuyisebenzisa njengesikhali sezepolitiki kulabo ababhali baseLatin America abazithengisa kubuFascism . " Izizathu zokuthi kungani engazange anqobe iNobel azicaci, kepha sinembile ukuthi i-Academy ayikaze ibathande ababhali abalungile kangako kwezepolitiki njengoCortázar.

Ngabe ucabanga ukuthi laba babhali abangazange bawine umklomelo weNobel in Literature bebefanele lo mklomelo? Yibaphi abanye ababhali ongabafaka?