Isithombe: Jon Fosse. Umthombo: Indlu yencwadi.
NgoLwesine ngo-Okthoba njenganamuhla ngo-2022, indondo efiselekayo yawinwa ngumbhali we-autofiction waseFrance, u-Annie Ernaux (Lillebonne, 1940). Ngemva konyaka Siyazazi izindaba zokuthi i-Nobel Prize in Literature yango-2023 iwele ezandleni zikaJon Fosse waseNorway., ubhekwa njengomunye wababhali bemidlalo abahamba phambili esigcawini samanje, weqa umkhawulo wesizwe samaNordic.
Nakuba umsebenzi wakhe uhunyushelwe ezilimini eziningi (futhi wenziwa emhlabeni wonke), iSpanishi ayinayo eminingi yemisebenzi yakhe ehunyushiwe. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuqashelwa kwakamuva, lokhu kuzoba yinto ezoqala ukushintsha ezinyangeni ezizayo. Uma kukhona okugculisayo ngokuthola lolu dumo lwemibhalo, wukuthi ababhali babone ukuthi umsebenzi wabo ufinyelela kanjani kubantu abaningi., ukube akazange akwenze ngaphambili. UJon Fosse, ngaphezu kwethiyetha, ungumbhali wamanoveli, izindatshana, izinkondlo nezincwadi zezingane.
Sobre el autor
UJon Olav Fosse wazalelwa eHaugesund (Norway) ngo-1959. Ungomunye wababhali bemidlalo abaziswa kakhulu esigcawini sanamuhla. Ezweni lakubo, phakathi kwezigaba eziningi, wathola indawo yokuhlala ukuze ahlale lapho unomphela, okuthiwa iGrotten, njengokuqashelwa inkosi yaseNorway. Lokhu kungenxa yegalelo lamasiko umsebenzi kaFosse owenzele izwe lakhe.
Kodwa umnikelo wakhe udlula imingcele yaseNordic. Imidlalo yakhe yeshashalazi yenziwe emhlabeni wonke futhi amanoveli akhe ahunyushelwe ezilimini ezingaphezu kwamashumi amane.. Ungumbhali oqinisekile ngemva kokuthola uMklomelo KaNobel wokugcina kuLiterature, kodwa futhi wayesethole imiklomelo ehlukahlukene kanye nezindondo, njengeNational Order of Merit in France, i-Swedish Academy Nordic Prize, i-Ibsen Award ngomsebenzi wakhe weshashalazi, noma imiklomelo yaseYurophu ngeqhaza lakhe ezincwadini zezingane nentsha.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, UJon Fosse uwuthanda kakhulu umsebenzi kaFederico García Lorca: Uyifundile futhi wayishintsha, nakuba umbhali engasazi iSpanishi futhi ukufunda kwakhe kusekelwe ezinguqulweni. Kodwa-ke, u-Fosse ku-Lorca uyayibona i-cadence nesigqi umbhali wase-Norwegian asibonisa emsebenzini wakhe.
Kungani uklonyeliswe ngoMklomelo KaNobel Wezincwadi Ka-2023?
Kuyinselele ukunikeza umklomelo wokufaneleka okunjalo kumbhali obhala ngesiNorwegian, futhi ikakhulukazi ngolimi lwesigodi lwalolu limi oselunezikhulumi ezimbalwa. Yingakho ke Ngalo Mklomelo KaNobel Wezincwadi, igebe liyavuleka ekuhumusheni nasekutholakaleni kwezilimi ezincane. Umsebenzi wokuvuselela izinhlamvu futhi ocophelela njengalowo ka-Jon Fosse ukhombisa isidingo sokwazisa ukuhlela, ukuhumusha kanye nethalente lokubhala ngaphezu komsebenzi wombhali ngayinye se. I-Swedish Academy inqume kulo mcimbi ukunikeza umbhali weNordic, Ngaphakathi kwezici zakhe, njengombhali ukwazile ukudlulisa ukuqwashisa ngefomu, okuqukethwe kanye nokuhlonipha inkululeko yokudala.. Nansi indlela isikhungo semfundo ephakeme esisikhiphe ngayo isinqumo:
Ngephrozi yakhe entsha kanye nokunikeza izwi kulokho okungeke kushiwo.
ngomsebenzi wakhe
Umsebenzi wokuqala oshicilelwe walo mbhali uyinoveli ebizwa obomvu, omnyama (Raudt, svart) kusukela ngo-1983. Ngemva kwalokhu Ukukhiqizwa kwakhe kwemibhalo kubalwa ngenqwaba kuyo yonke imidlalo yakhe, izindaba, izincwadi zezingane, amanoveli, izindatshana noma izinkondlo.. Umsebenzi wakhe we-prose kanye nomdlalo omangalisayo umenze wahlonishwa ngomklomelo wokubhala omkhulu kunayo yonke ekhona, uMklomelo KaNobel. Ngenxa yalokhu, izincwadi zakho zingase zitholakale kabanzi, ngokwesibonelo, ngolimi lwesiSpanishi. Abahumushi bayo beSpanishi nguKirsti Baggethun nendodakazi yakhe uCristina Gómez-Baggethun futhi Imisebenzi yakhe eshicilelwe ngeSpanishi ishicilelwe endlini yokushicilela E-Conatos, nakuba eziningi zazo zingatholakali okwamanje.
Mayelana nesitayela somsebenzi wakhe, indlela ashaya ngayo amaphuzu igqamile. Usebenzisa imishwana lapho enqaba khona ukusebenzisa izikhathi, ngokuphambene, izincwadi zakhe zigcwele okhefana nezinhlamvu ezincane. Futhi izinkondlo zakhe zinethonya elinamandla iphrozi yakhe, kanye nedramaturgy yakhe, ngoba kukhona isisho esilinganisiwe umbhali asisebenzisayo ukuhlela imisebenzi yakhe. Ngale ndlela, ukuzwela kanye nesigqi sesici sohlobo lwezinkondlo kuyabonakala. Kungashiwo lokho Ukufunda i-Fosse kusho ukungena kwiluphu yemibhalo abafundi abangeke bakwazi ukuphunyuka kuyo kalula.. Eminye yemisebenzi yakhe yilena elandelayo:
- Raudt, svart (1983). Umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala, inoveli engatholakali ngesiSpanishi okwamanje.
- Iphupho Lekwindla (1999).
- umuntu uyeza (2002).
- I-Melancholia (2006).
- Ubusuku bucula izingoma zabo neminye imisebenzi yaseshashalazini (2011).
- I-Trilogy (2018) Iyinoveli emele kakhulu yombhali lapho kungenzeka futhi ukuthola ingokomoya eliyingqayizivele epeni likaFosse.
- I-Septology (2019-2023): inoveli eyakhiwe ngemiqulu eminingana, njenge Elinye igama elithi I, Elinye igama II, Ngingomunye (III-V) y Igama elisha (VI-VII). Kule ndaba, isitayela sombhali siyadlula, sigxile kakhulu ngesimo kunokuqukethwe. Naphezu kwalokhu, ayilahlekelwa i-iota yentshisekelo yokulandisa.
- Ekuseni nantambama (2023). Ishicilelwe muva nje ngeSpanishi, isitshela okuhlangenwe nakho kokuphila kwendoda okuthiwa uJohannes.
