Isandla sobunxele sobumnyama

Isandla sobunxele sobumnyama iyinoveli eqanjiwe yesayensi ebhalwe ngumlobi waseMelika u-Ursula Kroeber Le Guin. Yashicilelwa ngo-1969 futhi isebenza ngamacebo okuzibandakanya nezimpawu zomphakathi ezingenabo ubumbano phakathi kobulili.

Lona umsebenzi ocabangisisa futhi wefilosofi. Imicimbi yenzeka kwiplanethi ekude ebizwa ngeGueden noma uBusika, ngenxa yamakhaza ashubisa umnkantsha. Lapho umuntu waseMhlabeni, uGenly Ai, uthunyelwa ukuxoxisana ngokubambisana ne-Ekumen, okuyinhlangano yamaplanethi ahlala abantu. Ukwethula lo mlingiswa wempucuko yethu emhlabeni ophelele, lapho kungekho zimpi noma izinhlobo ezichaziwe, inoveli ikhuluma ngobudlelwano phakathi kwalezi zingqikithi zombili.

Umsebenzi ocabangisisa

UKroeber Le Guin wenze umcabango ojulile wokuthi ucansi kanye nokuphikiswa kobulili kunquma kanjani ukuthi ungubani hhayi kuphela abantu, kepha nemiphakathi.

Umbhali wanikezwa lo msebenzi ngomklomelo weNebula wenoveli ehamba phambili ngo-1969 nangonyaka olandelayo ngomklomelo weHugo esigabeni esifanayo, ukwamukelwa okubili okufiseleka kakhulu ngaphakathi kohlobo lwe inganekwane yesayensi emibhalweni.

Mayelana nomlobi

Ukuzalwa nomndeni

Ursula Kroeber Le Guin wazalelwa edolobheni laseBerkeley, eCalifornia, ngo-Okthoba 21, 1929. Wayeyindodakazi yokuqala yomshado eyakhiwe ngabantu ababili abavelele be-anthropology nezincwadi e-United States: uTheodora no-Alfred Kroeber. Le ntshisekelo yezifundo zenhlalo kanye ne-anthropology ikhona kumanoveli nasezindabeni ezimfushane ezishicilelwe ngumlobi emashumini eminyaka alandelayo.

Izifundo nomshado

Ufunde eRadcliffe School kwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi wafunda e-Columbia University, lapho enza khona ngokukhethekile izilimi zothando. Ubuye wafunda eFrance lapho ahlangana khona noCharles Le Guin, owashada naye ngo-1953.

Imisebenzi nokushicilelwa kokuqala

Ngemuva kokubuyela kwakhe e-United States, wahlala edolobheni laseMacon, eGeorgia, futhi wayenguthisha wolimi lwesiFulentshi emanyuvesi ahlukahlukene. Ngo-1964 washicilela inoveli yakhe yokuqala eyayidumile, ebizwa ngokuthi Umhlaba weRocannon, maphakathi nenganekwane nenganekwane yesayensi. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili bezisetshenziswa kakhulu ngumbhali empilweni yakhe yonke.

Ukufika Isandla sobunxele sobumnyama

Ngemuva kwezinye izincwadi, omunye wemisebenzi yakhe yobuciko ekugcineni uyabonakala: Isandla sobunxele sobumnyama, lapho athola khona imiklomelo ehlukahlukene. Le yingxenye yomjikelezo wase-Ekumen, oqale ngawo Umhlaba weRocannon futhi okukhona amanye amanoveli ayisithupha. Le misebenzi yenzeka endaweni yonke yamaplanethi ahlala abantu abanezici ezahlukahlukene, inzalo yempucuko efanayo yasendulo.

Kumanoveli akhe omjikelezo wase-Ekumen, udala ama-utopias lapho kuhlolwa khona izindaba zepolitiki nezenhlalo ngezinganekwane zesayensi., njengowesifazane, isiphithiphithi, ukukhathalela ukunakekelwa kwemvelo, ukuthula kanye namandla.

Ngaphezu kwezindaba eziqanjiwe zesayensi, wabhala amanoveli amaningi amafantasy, phakathi kwawo umjikelezo we-Earthsea ugqamile.. Kulolu chungechunge umbhali wenza kabusha umhlaba oqanjiwe ogcwele abenzi bemilingo nezidalwa ezinamandla angaphezu kwawemvelo, ngezingxabano zengqondo nezenhlalo. Izingxenye zalezi zindaba zishintshwe zaba ngumdidiyeli wamafilimu opopayi weStudio Ghibli onesihloko esithi Izinganekwane ze-Earthsea (2006), okuqondisa kwakhe kwakuphethe uGoro Miyazaki.

Wabuye washicilela eziningi izincwadi zezinkondlo, ama-eseyi nezindaba zezingane. Ubuye futhi wabhala futhi washicilela amanoveli esayensi nezinganekwane angahlobene nendawo yase-Ekumen noma i-Earthsea, efana Isondo lasezulwini, Ukubuyela ekhaya kwaphakade, Izipho, Izindawo zokuhlala eziyishumi nambili zasebusika, phakathi kwabanye. Ubuye wavelela njengomhumushi wezilimi ezahlukahlukene. Phakathi kweminye imisebenzi, wahumusha imisebenzi kaGabriela Mistral noLao Tse.

Ushonele ePortland, e-Oregon, ngoJanuwari 22, 2018.

Indawo yonke yase-Ekumen yokuqhathanisa

Isandla sobunxele sobumnyama isethwe eGueden, iplanethi embozwe izinguzunga zeqhwa obizwa nangokuthi Ubusika, lapho kuhlala khona abantu abangenabo ubulili. UGenly Ai wasemhlabeni uthunyelwa kule planethi ngenhloso yokuhlangana neNkosi u-Argaven, ukwenza ubumbano lukaGueden ne-Ekumen.

I-Ekumen ingumfelandawonye owenziwe ngesibalo esikhulu samaplanethi agcwele abantu abazivumelanisa ngokwasemzimbeni nangokomphakathi nezimo zomuntu ngamunye, bonke bayinzalo yabantu baseHain. Amanoveli ayisishiyagalombili ka-ularsula Kroeber Le Guin enzeka kulomkhathi.

Umehluko kanye nokucaciswa kwalowo nalowo muntu kuveza ukucabanga ngomphakathi wethu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amanoveli ombhali anganikezwa ukufundwa okuhlukahlukene ngaphakathi kwe-anthropology, ezombusazwe kanye nezenhlalo.

Ukulingana kobulili njenge-utopia

Isici esiyinhloko esihlukanisa izakhamuzi zaseGueden ukuthi azihlali ocansini isikhathi esiningi, noma izindima zobulili okufanele zithathwe. Ukubukeka kwazo kuyindida ngokuphelele futhi wonke umuntu ngokulinganayo uyakwazi ukukhulelwa nokubeletha. Izinsuku ezimbalwa ngenyanga zingabesilisa noma abesifazane, ngokungahleliwe. Lo mzuzu lapho beya ocansini ubizwa ngokuthi "kemmer".

Esinye seziphakamiso ezisemqoka zale noveli ukuthi emphakathini ongenakho ukuphikiswa kowesilisa nowesifazane futhi ngaphandle kobudlelwano bamandla obenziwa kulokhu kubili, azikho izimpi, noma izingxabano eziningi zenhlalo emhlabeni wethu. Izingxabano zenzeka ikakhulu maqondana nesifiso sokuvelela komphakathi.

Futhi ukulingana ngokobulili akukhona njengokufanele ngoba ubulili abuthathi hlangothi. Ngalo mqondo, ingafundwa njenge-utopia yabesifazane, izwe lapho ubufazi budingekile.

Indaba emayelana nokungavumelani

Ubunzima bokuxhumana ngenye yezinkinga ezishisa kakhulu emlandweni. Abantu baseGueden babheka uGenly Ai njengomuntu ongaziwa futhi ogulayo, ohlala e-kemmer futhi engathembekile. Lokhu nakho kubabona njengezidalwa ezinamandla okukhuthazela okunzima kuye ukukuqonda.

Ukungqubuzana endabeni kuvela ekulindeni kwe-Ai ukuthola izethameli neNkosi u-Argaven., futhi bayaqhubeka nemicimbi ngemuva kwalo mhlangano kanye nokudingiswa kukaNdunankulu, u-Estraven. UGenly Ai uthatha uhambo olude lokuyohlangana no-Estraven futhi, angakwazi ukuxhumana naye ngempumelelo ngenxa yokwehluka kwamasiko.

Isimo sezulu esiqandisa futhi siyisiqhwaga sendaba futhi ingeza ubunzima ekuqondeni okungenzeka nokufiselekayo kwasemhlabeni nabantu baseGueden.

Personajes

UGenly Ai

Ungumuntu ovela eMhlabeni othunyelwe eGueden ngenhloso yokwenza iplanethi ibe umngane ne-Ekumen. Ubhekene nobunzima obungenakubalwa obudalwe ukwehluka kwamasiko kanye nokuqonda okuncane phakathi kwakhe nabantu baseGueden.

UDerem Estraven

UNdunankulu waseKarhide, Isizwe SaseGueden. Usekela uGenly Ai futhi uyamsiza ukuhlela ukuxoxisana nenkosi. Ngosuku lwenhlolokhono udingisiwe futhi uthathe umhlalaphansi ku-Orgoreyn.

I-Argaven XV

Uyinkosi yeKarhide. Uhlanya futhi ubhekwa njengomsangano yizikhonzi zakhe. Ekuqaleni, uyenqaba umfelandawonye i-Ai emphakamisela wona njengomqambimanga.

Bhekisisa

Ungomunye wabasebenzi bamandla abangama-33 ababusa u-Orgoreyn, obizwa ngokuthi yi-Commensals.. Ekuqaleni usekela uGenly Ai kanye nokusungulwa kobumbano ne-Ekumen, kepha lapho ebona ukuthi ngeke azithole izinzuzo ezilindelekile, uyeka ukuba nentshisekelo ngaye.