Umbhali waseBrazil uJorge Amado.
UJorge Leal Amado de Faria (1912-2001)) kwakungumbhali waseBrazil owashicilela cishe izindaba ezingamashumi amane. Umbhali uzizwe exhumene nabantu abanezinsizakusebenza ezimbalwa futhi abenqatshwa ngenxa yokusebenza ekwakheni, ukuthengisa ngomzimba noma emasimini.
Amado Wayevame ukuthi abantu abalungile yilabo abavela ngaphansi, bengenayo imali eningi, futhi abantu ababi babevela esigabeni esiphezulu noma abacebile. Umbhali waqonda, ngesinye isikhathi empilweni yakhe, ukuthi lokhu akuhlangene nalokho umuntu akwenze noma akuvezele umhlaba.
I-Biography
Ukuzalwa nomndeni
Jorge U-Amado wazalelwa epulazini lomndeni wakhe ngo-Agasti 10, 1912, eningizimu yesifundazwe saseBrazil iBahia. Umndeni womfana uthathe isinqumo sokushintsha indawo yokuhlala lapho enonyaka owodwa ubudala, ngakho-ke waphila ebuntwaneni bakhe e-Ilheús, idolobha elisesifundazweni esisodwa lapho azalelwa khona.
Umama wakhe kwakungu-Eulália Leal Amado kanti ubaba wakhe kwakunguColonel Joâo Amado de FariaIpulazi lomndeni lalinikezelwe kwezolimo, ikakhulukazi bona balima i-cocoa. Idolobha lapho athuthela khona kanye nesipiliyoni somsebenzi womndeni wakhe kukhuthaze eminye yemisebenzi yakhe.
Intsha Ethandekayo
Iminyaka yakhe yokufunda amabanga aphakeme yayihanjelwe izikole ezimbili, i-Ipiranga Gymnasium ne-Antonio Vieira., etholakala edolobheni laseSalvador de Bahia noma iBahia nje. Indawo akhulela kuyo imfundise ukuthi iyini impilo yasemzaneni, ukusebenza kanzima nokuzithoba.
Lapho eneminyaka eyishumi nane, u-Amado osemncane waba nentshisekelo yokubhala nobuntatheli. Usebenze emaphephandabeni endawo futhi wasungula amaqembu ezincwadi, afana no-Arco y Flecha, La Academia de los Rebeldes neSamba; Lokhu wakwenza enkampanini yabangane abaningi ukuzama ukuthola kabusha ukubhala eBahia.
Imfundo ephakeme
Lapho ephothula esikoleni esiphakeme, uJorge wanquma ukufundela ubumeli futhi wathuthela enhloko-dolobha yezwe lakhe, iRio de Janeiro. Wakwazi ukuphothula iziqu enyuvesi, wathola idiploma kwezomthetho nakwezenhlalo; nokho, uJorge akazange aphishekele izifundo zakhe zaseyunivesithi.
Ababhali uJorge Amado noJosé Saramago.
Uthando lukaBathandekayo
Washada noMatilde García Rosa ngo-1931, ngalowo nyaka washicilela inoveli yakhe yokuqala, enesihloko esithi Izwe laseCarnival. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, uLila, indodakazi yalaba bantu, wazalwa. Ukhokho Kwakungumbukiso wesibili wamanoveli ka-Amado, owashicilelwa ngonyaka ofanayo lapho indodakazi yakhe yazalwa khona, ngo-1933.
Impilo yezepolitiki
Umbhali, ethanda ubukhomanisi, kwakudingeka ashiye izwe lakhe futhi kusukela ngo-1941 kuya ku-1942 wayehlala ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zeLatin America, kufaka phakathi i-Argentina ne-Uruguay. Wabuyela eBrazil futhi wahlukana noMatilde; nguye owavotelwa kakhulu ngumbuso waseSão Paulo njengesekela lePhalamende Lombuso.
Wayeyilungu leqembu lamaKhomanisi laseBrazil futhi omunye walabo ababhekelene nokwamukela umthethosivivinywa wenkululeko yokukhulekela kulelo zwe. Ngalesi sikhathi waphinde washada futhi ngo-1947 waba nendodana egama layo linguJoel Jorge, noZélia Gattai.
Iminyaka yokudingiswa
Iqembu LamaKhomanisi LaseBrazil kwathiwa alikho emthethweni, ngakho amalungu alo amaningi agcina esejele noma kwadingeka abaleke ezweni. UJorge wayohlala eFrance kwathi ngo-1949 indodakazi yakhe uLila yashona, ngemuva konyaka waya eCzechoslovakia lapho kwazalelwa khona indodakazi yakhe yesibili, uPaloma.
Impilo yezincwadi nokubona
Ngo-1955 uJorge wazinikela ngokuphelele ekubhaleni, Eminyakeni eyisithupha kamuva waba yilungu leBrazil Academy of Letters kanti amanyuvesi amaningana amnikeza udokotela honoris imbangela.
Ngo-1989 waklonyeliswa ngendondo kaPablo Neruda eRussia. Yize umsebenzi wakhe wokubhala wawudume kabi, uthole ukuqashelwa okumfanele ngemuva kokufa, njengabanye ababhali abaningi abakhulu.
Imisebenzi yombhali iguqulelwe kumafomethi amaningi, kufaka phakathi i-cinema netheyetha.. Izindaba zakhe zishicilelwe emazweni angama-55 futhi zahunyushelwa ezilimini ezingama-49, okwenza uJorge Leal Amado waba ngumbhali owaziwa umhlaba wonke. Izincwadi zakhe zezindaba ziphakathi kwezinkulu kakhulu okufanele uzifunde.
Ukufa
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX, u-Amado wabuyela ezweni lakubo lapho ayesesungule khona isisekelo namuhla esiqhubeka nokufaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kweBahia. Ekugcineni, UJorge Amado ushone ngo-Agasti 6, 2001 eSalvador de Bahia, eBrazil, futhi ngosuku lokuzalwa kwakhe bagqiba umlotha wakhe endlini yakhe.
Ukwakhiwa
Umusho kaJorge Amado.
- Okaputeni benkundla (1937).
- USaint George we-Ilheus (1944).
- UGabriela, iClove neCinnamon (1958).
- UDola Flor nabayeni bakhe ababili (1966).
- UTeresa Batista ukhathele yimpi (1972).