Abathakathi nomphenyi
Abathakathi nomphenyi iyinoveli eqanjiwe yomlando eyabhalwa uprofesa waseMalaga, isazi-mlando nombhali uMaría Elvira Roca Barea. Umsebenzi washicilelwa yi-Espasa publishing house ngo-2023, futhi wawina uMklomelo we-Primavera Novel walo nyaka. Nakuba kungokokuqala ngqa ababhali bangene kulolu hlobo lomculo, kodwa le ncwadi ikwazile ukuheha abagxeki nababukeli ngenxa yezinga locwaningo.
U-María Elvira Roca Barea waziwa ngokudala amadokhumenti aphelele, athembele kuwo ukuze akhe wonke amaphrojekthi akhe. Yebo kulungile Abathakathi nomphenyi Iqhamuke njengenoveli ethokozisayo, Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi umbhalo uthole ukugxekwa okuthile mayelana nokuba nokwenzeka kwezigigaba ozilandisayo kanye nokungalungile kwezinsuku zezehlakalo ezethulayo.
Amazwibela we Abathakathi nomphenyi
Sekusondele umqhudelwano wezenkolo
Phakathi neshumi leminyaka lokuqala lama-1600s, kwaba khona ukungqubuzana kwemibono okuphawulekayo, osopolitiki kanye nempi phakathi inkolo yamaKatolika negatsha lamaProthestani elisafufusa. Lezi zingxabano zavela, ngokuyisisekelo, ukuze kuzuze abalandeli.
URoca Barea ulandisa ukuthi ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho kwenzeka lezi zingxabano, izinkolelo-ze zazigcwele amakholwa ashisekayo azo zombili izinhlangothi ngendlela engakaze ibonwe ngaphambili. Yile ndlela ukulungiswa ngokumelene nobuthakathi kwathatha indawo yako futhi., futhi ngalokhu, ukushushiswa kwabhebhethekiswa futhi ukuQulwa Kwamacala Ezihlubuki Okungcwele kwaqala kabusha.
Emadolobheni, izinduna zabapristi zaqala ukwenza “izilingo” ezidumile. Zombili izigebengu ezithumba izingane ukuze zizinikele embuzini kanye nezakhamuzi ezingenacala zasolwa. Kulowo mongo, Abathakathi kanye nomhloli inikeza, ikakhulukazi, okwenzeka endaweni yaseNavarrese yaseZugarramurdi.
Ukuzingela kwabathakathi kwaqala esikhathini samanje
URoca Barea ukuphawulile lokho, ngenxa yamafilimu amaningi nezincwadi zezinganekwane zomlando eziqokomisa imfihlakalo ngaphezu kweqiniso lamaqiniso, Kunomkhuba wokucabanga ngokuzingelwa kwabathakathi njengento yenkathi ephakathi.. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho komlobi, kwakungesikhathi sesimanjemanje ukuthi izenzakalo ezinjalo zavela.
U-Barea uphakamisa lokho Lokhu kwenziwe ngenxa yobuningi bezinto. Futhi lokho, cishe njalo, kwenzeka ezindaweni ezisemngceleni ongasemngceleni osenyakatho, kulokhu iFrench Navarre, eNtshonalanga Yurophu.
Ngokufanayo, Abathakathi nomphenyi iveza imibuzo embalwa ethokozisayo, zonke zihambisana nombono wesikhathi. Ngokwesibonelo: Abantu baqala kanjani ukukholelwa ukuthi ubuthakathi bunemiphumela engokoqobo? Obani ababezuza ngokukholelwa kuyo, futhi obani ababeyizisulu eziyinhloko zalolo vivinyo? Futhi ekugcineni, babenjani abaphathi bangaphakathi beNkantolo Yamacala Ezihlubuki baseSpain?
Isiqephu esithile siphenduka isibhicongo esinonya
Kulo mongo wokudideka, phakathi kwezingxabano zenkolo nezinkolelo-ze zabantu, Umshushisi Jikelele uBernardo de Sandoval uthumela u-Alonso de Salazar y Frías e-Logroño, isihlalo seHhovisi Elingcwele. Inhloso wukunquma ukuthi bekwenzekani futhi sithathe izinyathelo ezinqala uma isimo siba sibi.
Njengoba indoda isuka endleleni yayo, thola ukuthi akukhona nje ngeziqalekiso, iso elibi noma ubuthakathi obuvamile, izinto esezivele zikhona. Kodwa-ke, akulona itulo likaSathane nelobuSathane abantu abakholwa kakhulu abathi liyilo ukuze bathole abalandeli abaningi kuzo zombili izinhlangothi.
Kunalokho, kuyingcosana yakho konke.: Kunabantu abangenacala abangaliqondi iqhaza abalibambayo emdlalweni wepolitiki we-macabre, kunohulumeni obudedengu ovuma ukuxhasa izenzo zezinhlaka ezinamandla kakhulu, futhi kukhona, njengoba bekungeke kube ngenye indlela, abantu abakhohlakele futhi ababulali.
Ukuhlushwa kanye nokuvuma okungenanjongo
Abathakathi nomphenyi zama sibonisa isikhathi esingokomlando lapho, ukuze bathole izinzuzo zomphakathi, abanye babesola abanye ngezenzo ezingacabangeki. Ukuhlukunyezwa kwakusetshenziselwa ukubenza bavume futhi, ngemva kwamahora okuphathwa kabi, abangaphezu koyedwa bagcina bememezele noma yiziphi izenzo zonya.
Enye yezinkulumo ezivame kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwabantwana, ababenikelwa njengemihlatshelo kumademoni ahlukahlukene. Baphinde bathi abesilisa nabesifazane babedansa benqunu ekukhanyeni kwenyanga, bathi bandiza futhi bacela izidalwa zobumnyama ukuba zihlanganyele nabo futhi ngaleyo ndlela bakhiqize inzalo yabo.
Kodwa ngale kwesithombe esibi esidwetshwe amandla ezepolitiki nezenhlalo ka-1600, kufanelekile ukubuza ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokungqubuzana kwezenkolo, ngqo edolobhaneni eliseduze nomngcele waseFrance. Kungenzeka ukuthi, njengoba kuvame ukuba njalo, le mpi yayingahlangene nhlobo noNkulunkulu noma uDeveli, kodwa namadoda.
Mayelana nombhali, u-María Elvira Roca Barea
UMaría Elvira Roca Barea wazalwa ngo-1966, e-El Borge, eMalaga, eSpain. Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme, umbhali Ufunde iClassical Philology eNyuvesi yedolobha lakubo. Kusukela lapho, ubesevele ezinikele ekubhaleni, futhi ukhumbula izifundo zakhe eziphakeme embhalweni othiwa I-aesthetics yenkulumo ezincwadini zikaPliny Omncane. Kamuva, waphothula i-thesis yakhe yobudokotela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kuka-Antonio Alberte González.
Futhi, funda e-François Rabelais University of Tours, lapho afunda khona ngezincwadi zesiFulentshi, i-rhetoric kanye ne-paleography. Ngo-1999 waphothula izifundo ze-Hispanic Philology, waqala ukufundisa esikoleni samabanga aphezulu. Usebenze njengomcwaningi we-Higher Scientific Research Council (CSIC). Ngokunjalo, ungumbhali wendatshana kanye nombhali wezincwadi Izwe y We bafowethu.
Ezinye izincwadi zikaMaría Elvira Roca Barea
Njengombhali ozimele
- U-José Juan Berbel Rodríguez (1996);
- Ushicilelo olubucayi nokufundwa kwe-art preachatoria ad noticiam artis predicandi (1997);
- I-Knight in the Tiger's Skin (2003);
- Isivumelwano sezempi saseFrontinus. I-Humanism kanye ne-chivalry ku-Castilian Four Hundred (2010);
- izindaba eziyi-6 eziyisibonelo (2018);
Njengombhali ohlanganyela naye
- Ithonya likaCicero noQuintilian emibonweni mayelana nesitayela ezinhlamvu zikaPliny Omncane / Albaladejo, Tomás; U-Roca Barea, u-María Elvira (1998);
- Ukutadisha ubuciko bokushumayela isimo quaestionis / U-Alberte González, u-Antonio; Roca Barea, María Elvira, Antonio Ruiz Castellanos, Antonia Víñez Sánchez, Juan Sáez Durán, ed (1998).