8 zakudala zemibhalo yesiNgisi okufanele uyifunde
Yiziphi izici ezenza incwadi ibe yakudala? Impendulo yokuqala efika engqondweni kubabhali abaningi bebhayibheli ihlobene nokubaluleka kombhalo olandisayo. Lapho umsebenzi wokubhala unamandla okubekezela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukunikeza abanye ababhali isiqondiso, ngisho nokuqhubeka nokufundisa izizukulwane ezintsha zabafundi, ngokuvamile uba indaba ebalulekile.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-classic, Ngokwemvelo yayo, ivamise ukubhekana nezingxabano zomhlaba wonke futhi iziveze ku-dialectic evumela inkulumo-mpikiswano.. Ngalo mqondo, izincwadi zolimi lwesiNgisi ziye zaveza ubuciko obuhlukahlukene obunyakazayo, bakhanyisela, bafundisa futhi bashiya uphawu olubanzi emlandweni wendawo yonke. Lezi zingasoze zabuna eziyi-8 zemibhalo yesiNgisi okufanele uyifunde.
Middlemarch (1874)
Lokhu akuhlosiwe ukuba kube ukuhlukaniswa komthamo. Nokho, kusobala ukuthi Middlemarch kwadingeka ukubamba enye yezindawo zokuqala. Imayelana inoveli engokoqobo edweba ngokwethembeka izilungiselelo ze-Victorian Midlands. Ilandela iziqephu ezimbalwa eziyinhloko, njengalezo zika-Dorothea Brooke, u-Will Ladislaw okhaliphile, uDkt. Tertius Lydgate kanye noFred onganakekeli.
Njengoba izindaba ziqhubeka futhi zihlobana, kwakhiwa ezinye iziza eziseduze ezondla umsebenzi ngobunkimbinkimbi obubabazekayo, kuyilapho izenzakalo ezinjengokusayinwa koMthetho Wezinguquko, ukushona kweNkosi uGeorge IV noma ukulandela umfowabo, uMbusi waseClarence, kubaliswa. Le noveli yabhalwa nguMary Ann Evans, owaziwa kangcono ngegama lakhe ipeni, uGeorge Eliot.
Nkosi Jim (1899)
Inoveli ilandela impilo kaJim, itilosi laseBrithani elisebenza njengesikhulu se-Patna, umkhumbi ohambisa abahambi eMecca ukuze bagubhe iHajj. Konke kwakuhamba kahle kwaze kwaba yilapho, Ngesinye isikhathi, i-hull yomkhumbi yonakaliswa. Ngokushesha, umlingiswa oyinhloko kanye nabanye abasebenzi bawushiya umkhumbi nabagibeli. Kamuva, uJim nabanye basindiswa omunye umkhumbi.
Kodwa-ke, ama-pilgrim nawo agcinwa, ngakho ukuziphatha komlingiswa oyinhloko kanye nabasizi kuba umphakathi, futhi babhekene nokubhekwa komphakathi wamaNgisi. Incwadi iqhubekela ekufuneni kukaJim ukuhlengwa., etshelwa uMarlow, ukaputeni aba naye. Le noveli yalotshwa uJoseph Conrad for the I-Blackwood's Magazine.
I-Wuthering Heights - i-Wuthering Heights (1847)
Ibhalwe ngu-Emily Brontë, lokhu Yinoveli emnyama yothando ngobuhle. Ihlelwe e-York County, ixoxa ngendaba yothando, inkohliso nokungavumelani phakathi kuka-Heathcliff no-Catherine Earnshaw. Wathathwa umndeni wakhe esemncane. Bobabili bakhula ndawonye futhi, nakuba bonke abanye abantu babemphatha kabi, wamnika ubungane bakhe.
Lowo muzwa waphenduka uthando, kodwa yena, ekholelwa ukuthi ukuhlangana naye kuzokwehlisa isikhundla sakhe, unquma ukushada nomakhelwane wakhe. Kusuka lapho, izimpilo zabo bonke abahlali baseWuthering Heights zibuhlungu kakhulu ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi kuze kube sekupheleni, lapho umbhali evala ngesinqumo esikhanyayo. Le ncwadi yayinokwamukelwa kokuqala okusivivi, kodwa iminyaka isiyiguqule yaba isibonelo sokuxoxwa kwezindaba nokwakhiwa kwabalingiswa.
Ulysses - Ulysses (1922)
James Joyce
Njengoba igama layo likhomba, inoveli igqugquzelwe ngu I-odyssey nguHomer, njengoba inguqulo yesiLatini yalokhu ithi “Ulysses”. Empeleni, Lo msebenzi wethula ukufana okuningi kwemibhalo nokwakudala kwamaGreki, okufana nezimpawu nokukhuluma. Incwadi, eyabhalwa ama-Irish James Joyce, ilandisa ngezigigaba zikaLeopold Bloom —alter ego yombhali—noStephen Dedalus ngesikhathi evakashele eDublin ngoJuni 16, 1904.
Ukuze uqonde kangcono isiphithiphithi esibonakala sibhalwe nguJoyce, uLinati noGilbert babhala izinhlaka, ukunikeza umbhalo ngezihloko ezimbalwa isahluko ngasinye. Ngokwesakhiwo, inoveli ihlukaniswe iziqephu eziyi-18. Ngayinye yazo inegama, isitayela sokulandisa kanye nokuhambisana nayo I-odyssey okuhlukile, okwenza incwadi igcine umoya wenselele engaqondakali.
Okulindelwe Okukhulu (1861)
Lena enye yamanoveli kaCharles Dickens ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi adumile. Lokhu xoxa indaba de impilo kaPhilip Pirrip (Pip), umfana oyintandane ohlala nodadewabo kanye nomlamu wakhe e-Kent. Ngolunye usuku, umfanyana wahlangana nesigebengu esamphoqa ukuba amnikeze ukudla ngesikhathi ebalekela umthetho futhi efuna isitha sakhe. Kamuva, uPip uthunyelwa endlini kaMiss Havisham ukuze amjabulise.
Endlini yakhe eyisithabathaba uhlangana no-Estella, intombazane athandana nayo, nakuba imgcona ngesikhundla sakhe emphakathini. Kamuva, uPip Uyaziswa ukuthi unomuntu osizayo, futhi uyanxuswa ukuthi athuthele eLondon ukuze afunde. umsebenzi wokuba knight. Leli qiniso liyishintsha ngokuphelele umongo womlingiswa oyinhloko, limsondeza esiphethweni sakhe esijabulisayo.
U-Romeo noJuliet - U-Romeo noJuliet (1597)
Yize kuyisihloko esidala kunazo zonke kulolu hlu, futhi yisona sodwa esingadingi singeniso. Wonke umuntu uyayazi indaba yabathandi abadabukisayo ebhalwe ngu William Shakespeare. Umdlalo uqala ngempi ephakathi kwamadoda amabili emindeni azondana kwaze kwaba sekufeni: eMontagues naseCapulets. Okungasoleki kubadlali besigaba wukuthi maduze nje kuzodamba konke ukungezwani kwabo.
UJuliet Capulet ujabulela umdanso wakhe wokuzibandakanya no-Count Paris lapho, kungazelelwe, ukhangwa ubuhle bensizwa engaziwa, okuvela ukuthi Romeo Montesco. Bobabili bahlanyiswa othandweni, futhi bayashada, bengayinaki ingxabano phakathi kwemindeni yabo. Ukwazi ukuthi ngeke bakwazi ukuqeda ubudlelwano babo kulo mongo, baphendukela ekuzibulaleni, okuxakayo, okuhlanganisa amaMontagues namaCapulets.
Ku-Lighthouse - Endlini yokukhanya (1927)
Ibhalwe nguVirginia Woolf, ilandisa ngokwenzeka phakathi nezinsuku ezimbili - ezihlukaniswe neminyaka eyishumi - lapho umndeni wakwaRamsay uvakashele khona i-lighthouse, ngaphezu kokucabangisisa ngalolu hambo kanye nokungezwani phakathi kwamalungu. Ezinye izindikimba ezibalulekile ukuhamba kwesikhathi, ukufa kanye nokuhlolwa kwengqondo. Ngokunjalo, kukhulunywa ngezihloko ezinjengomshado nokucwasa ngobulili.
Ngaphezu kwesakhiwo ngokwaso, Okubalulekile ngale noveli yindlela exoxwa ngayo, eyakheka ngayo futhi ehlelwe ngayo.. Le ncwadi, ebhalwe ku-Hebrides, e-Isle of Skye, iphinde iveze ukuthi zinjani izimpilo zezakhamuzi zesizwe esisempini, kanye nabantu abangemuva kwayo kanye nemiphumela yokungqubuzana. Ngokufanayo, umsebenzi uhlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu: Ingxenye I: "Ifasitela", Ingxenye II: "Isikhathi sidlula", Ingxenye III: "Indlu yesibani".
Ukuziqhenya Nobandlululo (1813)
Lona, ngokungangabazeki, elinye lamahlaya othando adume kakhulu emlandweni, futhi elinye lamahlaya kaJane Austen afundwa kakhulu. Ibhuku uxoxa indaba yothando phakathi kuka-Elizabeth Bennet, intokazi enhle nehlakaniphile evela esigabeni esiphakathi, kanye noFitzwilliam Darcy, indoda ecebile mayelana nomuzi. Isakhiwo sizungeza endleleni laba balingisi ababili okumele banqobe ngayo izinkinga zabo zomuntu siqu futhi bavuthwe.
Njengoba u-Elizabeth no-Darcy bethandana ngokubuyela emuva naphambili kwezimo nemizwa, Umbhali ukhombisa iqiniso lomphakathi wamaNgisi ngesikhathi sama-Victorian, futhi ikhuluma ngezihloko ezifana nokuzazi, ubufazi, umshado, izigaba zomphakathi, umbono wokubuka izinto kanye nokufuna injabulo yomuntu siqu.
