Uncumo lwase-Etruria
Uncumo lwase-Etruria yinoveli ebhalwe ngusoqoqosho, umntu kunye nombhali weBarcelona ongasekhoyo uJosé Luis Sampedro. Umsebenzi wapapashwa okokuqala ngo-1985 yindlu yokushicilela yaseAlfaguara. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, le ncwadi yafumana impumelelo enjalo phakathi kwabagxeki kunye nabafundi ukuba, ngo-2001, Ihlabathi Uyifake kuluhlu lwakhe lweenoveli ezibalaseleyo ezili-100 zeSpanish zenkulungwane yama-2011. Emva kwexesha elide, ngo-XNUMX, umdlalo osekelwe kwibali likaSampedro wenziwa.
Emva kwexesha abalawuli u-Oded Binnun kunye no-Mihail Brezis bafumana amalungelo okwenza ifilimu esekelwe kuyo Uncumo lwase-Etruria, eyakhutshwa ngo-2018. Ngokungafaniyo nezinto zokuqala zikaJosé Luis Sampedro, isicwangciso sale mveliso sibekwe e-United States, kunye neenkwenkwezi uRosanna Arquette, uBrian Cox, uJJ Feild kunye noThora Birch.
Isishwankathelo se Uncumo lwase-Etruria
Ukusuka eCalabria ukuya eMilan
USalvatore Roncone uhlala eCalabria ubukho bakhe bonke. Indawo enqabileyo kunye nesendle yalo mhlaba kumazantsi e-Itali ayibonisi nje ubomi bakhe, kodwa naye ngokwakhe.
Umlingiswa wakhe onenkani uphantse wafana nommandla awuthanda kakhulu, lowo ubone ubukhosi buphela bunyuka kwaye buwa, bevuna amagorha anamandla kunye nabafazi abathobekileyo, apho utshintsho luza ngomlinganiselo omncinci kakhulu. Nangona ndingathanda ukuqhubeka ndihlala kulo mmandla, URoncone unyanzeleke ukuba ahambe ngenxa yomhlaza obulalayo.
Nangona ethatha ukugula kwakhe ngamandla kwaye enze uxolo ngokufa kwakhe okuzayo, Intlekele yakhe yokwenyani ibandakanya ukufudukela eMilan kunye nonyana wakhe uRenato., umolokazana wakhe kunye nomzukulwana wakhe omncinane, uBruno. Isixeko esikhulu, esizele zizakhiwo eziphakamileyo, ubunewunewu kunye nabantu abeza nabahambayo, batshintsha ubuntu bakhe obusele buguquguquka.
kunjalo, intlanganiso yakhe noBruno, umntwana ongaphantsi kweenyanga ezilishumi elinesithathu ubudala, iyayihlaziya, ukwandisa umnqweno wakhe wokunandipha iintsuku zakhe zokugqibela.
Uqhagamshelo olufana nelinye
USalvatore uyavuyiswa nguBruno xa elazi igama lakhe, ekubeni le ifana naleyo wayeyisebenzisa phantsi komhlaba kwi-Resistance yase-Italiya ngexesha lemizabalazo exhobileyo echasene ne-fascism, eyenzeka kwi-fascism. KwiMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi
Yileyo ndlela Ubudlelwane bothando olungenamiqathango luyazalwa. USalvatore uthululela lonke ububele obusele emphefumlweni wakhe kumntwana wakhe omncinci, ngaphezu kokumfundisa ngobomi kunye nomnqweno wakhe wokuphila.
Njengoko umhlaza uthatha amalungu amaninzi nangakumbi omzimba wakho, USalvatore Roncone ngochulumanco ukhaba ngokuchasene neecanons ezibekwe kule mihla yaseMilan: inkululeko yabasetyhini, ubuthathaka bamanye amadoda, iindlela “ezibuthathaka” zokukhulisa abantwana…
Indoda endala Uqhekezwe phakathi kweengcinga zesini zexesha lakhe kunye nayo yonke into, kancinci, funda kwindawo yakho entsha. Onke la mava akwandisa amandla akho, nangona ingekuko ubomi obude.
Amabali kaTamkhulu
Nangona kunjalo, le epiphany ayifiki ngokukhawuleza. Inyaniso, USalvatore kufuneka adlule kwizifundo ezininzi ngaphambi kokuba afunde ukuba iingcamango zexesha lakhe zitshintshile.. Ngaphambi koko, i-protagonist ivakalelwa kukuba inoxanduva lokufundisa umzukulwana wakhe omncinci ngokusekelwe kwiinkolelo zakhe, kuba ucinga ukuba kuphela oko kuya kwenza uBruno abe yindoda elungileyo. Ngenxa yoko, uTatomkhulu ubalekela kwigumbi lale nkwenkwe rhoqo ebusuku. Apho ubalisa amabali ngamava akhe aze amcebise.
Njengoko uDon Salvatore ekhathalela uBruno, imbono yakhe iqala ukuxengaxenga. Ixhego liyazibuza enoba imbono yalo ngokukhulisa abantwana ichanile kusini na.
Emva kwexesha dibana noHortensia, umfazi aseka ubuhlobo bakhe, ekuhambeni kwexesha, iba luthando. Eli khonkco litsha limema uSalvatore ukuba aphinde ahlaziye ubudlelwane bakhe obudlulileyo kwaye ahlalutye indlela awathetha ngayo nabo ngelo xesha. Konke oku kuhlolisiswa kubangela inguqu ekupheleni kobukho bomlinganiswa oyintloko.
Isiphelo esiqinisekileyo esisingise ekufeni, kodwa nasothandweni
Kukwindawo ephithizelayo yaseMilan, eselunxwemeni lokufa, apho USalvatore ubonisa ukuba useluncedo, kwaye ufanelekile ukwenza nawuphi na umsebenzi oza kuye.. Kuyachukumisa ukufunda iingxoxo zakhe ezikhanyiselweyo kunye nomolokazana wakhe onomonde nonovelwano, kwaye nokuqonda ukuba, kwangaxeshanye, izimvo zalo mlo wakudala zineengcambu kwixesha elahlukileyo, ixesha elimfamekiswe ngamashwa akhe. .
Kwangaxeshanye ekhumbula ubundle bedolophu yakowabo, kunye neencasa zayo, amavumba, ingxolo yendalo kunye neentaba ezincinci, USalvatore uqalisa ukonwabela ukwamkelwa kwakhe.
Esinye sezizathu eziphambili zolu tshintsho sinxulumene, inokuba ngenye indlela, nge umfazi: IHydrangea. Eli linenekazi elimvuselelayo, livuyisa intliziyo yakhe kwaye limnike konke ukuzola kunye nobubele abudingayo ukuze bonwabele ingoma yakhe ye-swan njengoyena wonwabileyo kubantu abatsha.
Malunga nombhali, uJosé Luis Sampedro
UJose Luis Sampedro
UJosé Luis Sampedro Sáez wazalwa ngo-1917, e-Barcelona, eSpain. Uthando lwakhe lokufunda lwaqala eTangier, isixeko esikumantla eMorocco. leyo, ngexesha lombhali, yayiyinxalenye yokhuselo lwaseSpain. Xa wayeneminyaka elishumi elinesibini ubudala wafudukela eCihuela, eSoria, apho wayehlala nomakazi wada wamthumela kwisikolo sokuhlala amaJesuit eZaragoza. Kamva, wafudukela eAranjuez, apho wayehlala khona de waba mdala.
Ukususela ngoko, umbhali wafumana umsebenzi njengegosa lerhafu, ngenxa yoko wathunyelwa eSantander. Ngo-1936 wayeyinxalenye yomkhosi waseRiphabhlikhi e Imfazwe Yamakhaya yaseSpaina, besilwela iqela le-anarchist. Ukongezelela ekulweni, ngelo xesha wayefundela abantu abangafundanga iindaba neencwadi. Emva kokuba iSantander yoyisiwe, umbhali wanikezela waza walwa kunye nomkhosi wesizwe.
Sele ngamaxesha oxolo, UJosé Luis Sampedro usebenze njengengcali yezoqoqosho iminyaka eliqela, kumaziko afana ne-International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Ngokunjalo, wahlula ixesha lakhe phakathi kwalo msebenzi kunye nokudalwa kweencwadi ezingolawulo lwezoqoqosho kunye neenoveli.
Umbhali Wafumana iwonga elithile kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe woncwadi.. Enye yezona zinto ziphawulekayo kukuqeshwa kwakhe njengelungu elihloniphekileyo leRoyal Spanish Academy ngo-1990.
Ezinye iincwadi zikaJosé Luis Sampedro
Ezoqoqosho
- Imigaqo esebenzayo yendawo yoshishino (1957);
- Inyani yezoqoqosho kunye nohlalutyo lwesakhiwo (1959);
- Amandla ezoqoqosho kwixesha lethu (1967);
- Ukuqonda ukunqongophala kophuhliso (1973);
- Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso: inguqulelo epheleleyo (1976);
- Imarike kunye nathi (1986);
- Imarike kunye nehlabathi jikelele (2002);
- AmaMongol eBaghdad (2003);
- Malunga nezopolitiko, imarike kunye nokuhlalisana (2006);
- Uqoqosho loluntu. Ngaphezu kwamanani nje (2009).
Inoveli
- Umfanekiso oqingqiweyo ka-Adolfo Espejo (1939/1994);
- Isithunzi semihla (1947/1994);
- ICongress eStockholm (1952);
- Umlambo osithathayo (1961);
- ihashe lize (1970);
- Okthobha, Okthobha (1981);
- I-mermaid endala (1990);
- Indawo yasebukhosini (1993);
- Umthandi wesini (2000);
- Indlela yenamba (2006);
- Quartet njengemvumi emnye (2011).
Ibali
- Ulwandle ngasemva (1992);
- Njengoko umhlaba ujika (1993).
Ithiyetha
- Ikhadibhodi ihobe (1948/2007);
- Indawo yokuhlala (1955/2007);
- Iqhina (1982).
Imibongo
- iintsuku ezingenanto (2020).