Ukufota: ngoncedo lombhali
Ana Nieto wazalelwa eBilbao kwaye uyingcali yezoqoqosho kunye nengcali kwi ukuthengiswa kwedijithali kunye nencwadi. Uqale ukupapasha ngo-1995 kwaye ukusukela ngoko uye wazinikela ekupapasheni iincwadi ezininzi kunye zasemoyeni ngempumelelo enkulu yokuthengisa. Uphambi kwakhe Uphumelele ngencwadi yakho kwaye naye useke Hlela incwadi yakho. Kule udliwano ndlebe Usixelela ngale projekthi kwaye ndiyambulela kakhulu ngexesha azinikele ngalo.
UAna Nieto - Udliwano-ndlebe
- ACTUALIDAD LITERATURA:Pokanye yintonié Hlela incwadi yakho ingaba úIluncedo kubo bobabini ababhali kunye neengcali zokupapasha?
ANA NIETO: Liqonga elikhethekileyo elidibanisa ababhali kunye neengcali ezikhethekileyo kwiinkonzo zokuhlela. Apha, ababhali abafuna uncedo ekupapasheni imisebenzi yabo banokufumana iintlobo ngeentlobo zeengcali ezinje izilungiso, abayili bezakhiwo, abayili beqweqwe, abahleli, abapapashi kunye nabaguquleli.
Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho weenkonzo zokuhlela, zonke iingcali kufuneka ziqinisekiswe. Oku kuthetha ukuba bahamba kuvavanyo olungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba banokunika inkonzo entle kubabhali.
Siyazi ukuba inkqubo yokuzipapasha inokuba ntsha kwaye izaliswe kukungaqiniseki kubabhali abaninzi, ngakumbi ukuba lixesha lakho lokuqala. Yiyo loo nto sigxininisa kakhulu ingqalelo. Sinikezela ngenkxaso yobuqu ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo (i-imeyile, umnxeba, incoko, iiseshini ze-intanethi) ukucacisa amathandabuzo kunye nokukhokela inkqubo yokupapashwa.
Inzuzo enkulu kubabhali kwiqonga lethu kukukwazi ukukhetha kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeengcali eziqeqeshiweyo ngamaxabiso afanelekileyo. Oku kubavumela ukuba babe nolawulo malunga nokuba ngubani osebenza kwincwadi yabo, ngaloo ndlela eqinisekisa ukuba umphumo wokugqibela uyahlangabezana nokulindela kwabo.
Sikwasebenzela abapapashi abakhuphela ngaphandle iinkonzo zabo.
- AL: Ubancedile ababhali ukuba baphumelele enkosi Uphumelele ngencwadi yakho. Ngaba loo mava abe luncedo kuwe kule projekthi?
UNYAKA: Uphumelele ngencwadi yakho Yaqala uhambo lwayo ngo-1994 ngomnqophiso ocacileyo: wokunceda ababhali kwinkqubo yokubhala iincwadi zabo.
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, saqaphela ukuba, emva kokugqiba imisebenzi yabo, ababhali abaninzi babekhangela inkxaso eyongezelelweyo yokuthatha inyathelo elilandelayo: ukupapasha. Izicelo zazisukela kulungiso lombhalo ukuya kuyilo kunye nokupapashwa kumaqonga afana neAmazon.
Ukuqonda le ntswelo, siye saqalisa khangela iingcali abantu abanobuchule abanokusebenzisana kwezi zigaba. Phantse kwiminyaka elishumi, kwaye emva kokubonelela ngeenkonzo kubabhali abangaphezu kwewaka, sikwazile ukwenza iqela elikhethiweyo leengcali ezivunyiweyo ngomgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwazo.
La mava asikhokelele ekubeni senze Hlela incwadi yakho, apho ezi ngcali Banokunikela ngokuthe ngqo ngeenkonzo zabo kubabhali. Ukongezelela, siye sagqiba kwelokuba sandise umda size sibandakanye nezinye iingcali kwicandelo lopapasho nazo ezazinomdla ekusebenzisaneni.
Sincede ababhali abaninzi ekupapasheni ngempumelelo nasekukhuthazeni iincwadi zabo. Namhlanje eyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuthengisa ivela kwiingcebiso ngqo ezivela kwaba babhali.
Ana Nieto Papasha okanye uzipapashe
- Ukuthi cuéSixelele kancinci malunga noncedo kunye nokungalunganga kokupapasha kunye nomshicileli okanye ukuzipapasha ngokwakho..
AN: Ndingu umkhuseli othembekileyo we ukuzipapasha kwaye ndicinga ukuba, ngaphandle kwezinto ezimbalwa, imele eyona ndlela ingcono kubabhali. Izibonelelo zayo:
- Ababhali banolawulo oluninzi:
- Kwiintengiso: Ngokungafaniyo nabo basebenza nabapapashi kwaye bazi ukuthengisa kwabo ngonyaka, abashicileli ngokwabo banokufikelela imihla ngemihla kwiidatha zokuthengisa, iingeniso kunye neemarike apho iincwadi zabo zithengiswa khona.
- Kububhetyebhetye bolawulo: Banenkululeko yokuhlengahlengisa amaxabiso, baqhubele phambili unyuselo, bade baphise ngeencwadi zabo kangangexesha elithile. Basenokutshintsha iqweqwe okanye inkcazo nanini na befuna, ukuguquguquka okungafumanekiyo xa usebenza nabapapashi bemveli.
- Kufunyenwe inzuzo enkulu:
Kumaqonga afana neAmazon, ababhali abazipapashayo banokufumana ukuya kuthi ga kwi-70% yeentengiso kwifomathi ye-elektroniki kunye ne-30% ephepheni, xa kuthelekiswa mivuzo ukusuka kubavakalisi, abadla ngokuba phakathi kwe-8% kunye ne-10% kwiphepha kunye ne-25% kwidijithali.
- Ivumela usasazo lwamazwe ngamazwe:
IAmazon ibonelela ngokusasazwa kumazwe angaphezu kwama-200 ngeevenkile zayo ezili-13, idlula ukusasazwa okulinganiselweyo eSpeyin (kwaye, maxa wambi, iincwadi ezimbalwa, kwamanye amazwe) ezinikelwa ngabavakalisi abaninzi.
- Inceda ukusuka kwintengiso ukuya kumthengisi omde:
Incwadi esemgangathweni enokukhuthazwa okuqhubekayo ingaqhubeka ithengisa inyanga nenyanga yaye unyaka nonyaka, into ephantse ibe yinto engenakwenzeka ngomvakalisi. Abapapashi bemveli bagxininisa kwiintengiso zabo kwiivenkile zeencwadi, ezihlala zibuyisela iincwadi ezingathengisi ngokukhawuleza, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa ukufumaneka kwazo kwexesha elide kunye nokubonakala.
La Eyona nto iphambili ukupapasha nge Uhleli yiyo ukuhanjiswa kwiivenkile zeencwadi eziphathekayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuthengisa kwiivenkile zeencwadi zomzimba kuncipha unyaka nonyaka ngelixa kuthengiswa online ukwanda. Ngaphezu koko, abapapashi ngokuqhelekileyo abanalo uqhagamshelwano oluthe ngqo nabafundi, begxininisa kwiivenkile zeencwadi, ngokungafaniyo namaqonga, adibanisa ngokuthe ngqo nezigidi zabafundi emhlabeni jikelele.
Ana Nieto Intengiso kunye nempumelelo yokuhlela
- Kuye urhwebo ibalulekile xa upapasha?
AN: Ukuba ufuna incwadi yakho ithengiswe, nokuba uyipapasha nompapashi okanye uzipapashe ngokwakho, kufuneka wenze intengiso okanye uqeshe umntu ozakunceda. Le yinto ababhali abasele beyazi. Bambalwa abakholelwa ukuba ukubhala nje incwadi kwanele ukufikelela kubafundi..
- AL: Ngaba ikho ngokwenene loo fomula? ukufumana éimpumelelo ngencwadi?
AN: Ukuphumelela kwihlabathi lopapasho likhona imithetho emibini yegolide leyo ayinakulibaleka:
Incwadi kufuneka ingabi nakuphikiswa. Ukuba yinoveli, kufuneka ibambe umfundi ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekugqibeleni. Kwaye ukuba ayiyonyani, kufuneka isombulule ingxaki okanye izalisekise isithembiso, ibe sisixhobo esiluncedo kumfundi.
Gqitha ubugcisa bokuthengisa. Olu hambo luqala phambi kokuba ubhale igama lokuqala. Khetha isihloko esibandakanya, yenza isihloko esibangela umdla kwaye, yakuba incwadi ibhaliwe, yila iqweqwe elingaqatshelwanga kunye nesishwankathelo esenza kube nzima ukungafuni ukuyifunda. Umbono wokuqala ubala kakhulu, ngakumbi ukuba i-10% yencwadi umfundi angayingcamla simahla kwiAmazon. Yeyona hook ukubagcina befuna ngaphezulu!
Kwaye ayipheli apha. Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise incwadi yakho udinga i isicwangciso sokunyusa: abafowunelwa, iiblogi, iipodcasts, abaphembeleli kwiinethiwekhi zentlalo kunye nemidiya yemveli. Bonke banokuba ngamahlakani.
Xa kufika ixesha lokupapasha, kukho amaqhinga anokuphucula incwadi yakho. Ukuba ikhava, isihloko kunye nenkcazo inomtsalane, utyalo-mali kwimikhankaso yentengiso inokuba linyathelo elihle lokwandisa ukubonakala.
Ingqondo yolwazi
- KWI: Ingaba uíNdicaphula, sebenzisa i-AI kwinkqubo yokudala njengokubhala? ¿Qué ubungozi uyabubona?
AN: Ukudibanisa izakhono zomntu ezizodwa kunye nezakhono ze-AI kunokuba yifomula enamandla yempumelelo.
Kutshanje ndisiva esi sicatshulwa sinxulumene ne-AI endivumelana nayo nge-100%: ""Awuzukuthathelwa indawo yi-AI, uya kutshintshwa ngumntu osebenzisa i-AI ngobukrelekrele.".
Akunjalo malunga nokucela uncedo lwe-AI njenge: bhala incwadi malunga ne-X. Ewe, uya kuyibhala, kodwa ayiyi kuthengisa. Ayinamdla. Ayinabuntu. Kwaye uya kuba neempazamo kunye nokuphikisana (oko bakubiza ngokuthi "i-hallucinations").
Kumbhali inokuba sisixhobo ukoyisa iibhloko zokuyila, ukuvelisa iingcamango, ukuphucula ukubhala okanye isimbo kunye nokwandisa uphando kunye nokuhlela. Nangona kunjalo, i-AI yodwa ayinakuthatha indawo yokuyila komntu, amava aphilayo, kunye nokukwazi ukubalisa amabali ahambelana neemvakalelo kunye nenqanaba lobuqu kunye nabafundi.
Umzekelo, umbhali unokuyisebenzisa ukuvelisa imibono yokuqala othi emva koko wandise kwaye wenze nzulu ngokuchukumisa kwakho, okanye ukuya uphononongo lokuqala, ikuvumela ukuba ugxile kwimiba engaphezulu yokuyila kunye nefihlakeleyo yokubhala.
upapasho lomhlaba
- AL: Okokugqibela, uwubona njani umhlaba wopapasho ngokubanzi?
AN: I ukuzipapasha unamava a indaleko enomdla.
Ekuqaleni, eli hlabathi lalinezinto ezininzi ongenabuchulu. Ababhali babedla ngokuxhomekeke kubahlobo okanye kusapho ukuze bahlole imibhalo yabo yaye amaqweqwe ayeyilwe ngendlela eyenziwe yasekhaya, nto leyo eyayingancedi kangako ekutsaleni umdla wabafundi. Nangona kunjalo, kwiminyaka emithathu okanye emine edlulileyo, siye sabona utshintsho oluphawulekayo ubugcisa.
Ngoku, amaqweqwe eencwadi ezipapashiweyo eAmazon ahlala enomtsalane. Uyilo lubonisa umsebenzi wobugcisa, iimpazamo zopelo zincitshiswe kakhulu kwaye izishwankathelo ziyilelwe ukutsala umdla womfundi nokukhuthaza ukuthengisa.
Le nguqu ayinayo kuphela iphucule umgangatho, kodwa kwakhona uye watsala umdla wababhali ababedityaniswa ngaphambili nabapapashi bemveli. Abaninzi ngoku bakhetha ukuzipapasha, betyala imali kwizinto eziphambili ezinje ngoyilo olunomtsalane lwekhava kunye ne-synopsis enomtsalane. Abanye bade babhenele kwiingxelo zokufunda ezichubekileyo ukuze bandise amandla orhwebo emisebenzi yabo.
Indawo yopapasho, kwaye ngakumbi ngakumbi kwicandelo lokupapasha ngokwakho, ifumana a umzuzu othembisayo. Sibona ukukhula kobuchule bobugcisa obuthi, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, bupeyinta ikamva elizele ngamathuba abo babhali bathatha isigqibo sokuthatha le ndlela.