Ubomi obuxelwe ngabapapi kwiNeanderthal
Ubomi obuxelwe ngabapapi kwiNeanderthal yincwadi ebhalwe ngezandla ezine ngumbhali kunye nentatheli uJuan José Millás kunye ne-anthropologist uJuan Luis Arsuaga, bobabini bobuzwe baseSpain. Umsebenzi-apho uhlobo oluthile lungenakuchazwa, kodwa lufumaneka ngaphakathi kwe-costumbrismo yombhalo kunye nokusabalalisa kwezesayensi-yapapashwa yindlu yokushicilela i-Alfaguara kwi-2020, kwaye ikwazi ukuphumelela amabhaso amaninzi.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa ingqondo ekrelekrele nephucukileyo yogqirha wenzululwazi yebhayoloji kunye nobukrelekrele bentatheli budibana ukwenza into engazange yabonwa ngaphambili? Ngokutsho kwe-HUFFPOST news portal, Ubomi obuxelwe ngabapapi kwiNeanderthal Yenye yeencwadi ezilungileyo zika-2021. Ukongeza, i-website ye-Trends yathi "yincwadi yasehlotyeni".
Isishwankathelo se Ubomi obuxelwe ngabapapi kwiNeanderthal
Ukuhamba ngendaleko
Ngolunye usuku, ngexesha lokutya, uJuan José Millás uphawula uJuan Luis Arsuaga ukuba uyi-orator eyoyikisayo, ukuba unokukholisa nabani na into ayifunayo, engenzeki rhoqo kwizinto zakhe ezibhaliweyo (ngokwentatheli). Ke, ucebisa ukudibanisa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: U-Arsuaga kuya kufuneka athathe iMillás kwiindawo ezibona zifanelekile —umboniso weecanaries, isibhedlele sababelekayo, indawo yezinto zakudala…—, bacacise yonke into abayibonayo kunye nemvelaphi yayo.
Ingcali yamandulo ayithethi nto ngoko nangoko. Umbhali ucinga ukuba, mhlawumbi, umkhubekisile ngandlel’ ithile, okanye akanamdla kuloo projekthi. Akwanelanga, ngexesha lekofu, phantse iphakanyisiwe, U-Arsuaga utyala isandla sakhe kanzima etafileni kwaye uqinisekisa uMillás: "Siyenza." Umbono jikelele kukuhlala phantsi kunye ukubonisa izimvo zabo ngoluntu.
UMillás uthatha amazwi ka-Arsuaga, izixhobo zakhe, aze azibeke ephepheni ngokusebenzisa intetho yoncwadi. Ukususela ngelo xesha baqala ukusebenza Ubomi obuxelwe ngabapapi kwiNeanderthal. Kule meko, uMilás uzibeka kwindawo ye-Neanderthal, ngelixa i-Arsuaga ithatha indima ye-sapiens.
I-adventure kwiindawo ezininzi
Kule ncwadi, UJuan José Millás kunye noJuan Luis Arsuaga bafuna ukucacisa ukuba siyintoni kwaye sifike njani apha. Nangona ibali libalisa ibali lendaleko-oko kukuthi: Ubomi obuxelwe ngabapapi kwiNeanderthal uthetha ngesayensi-ngaxeshanye, ingumbongo kakhulu, kuba bobabini ababhali banentlantsi ethile yoncwadi.
Ababhali bahamba kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa: ipaki, imarike, iintaba zaseMadrid, i-museum yasePrado, amangcwaba e-Almudena kunye nokunye. Ngolu hambo, Arsuaga, njengaye nawuphi na onomdla ngendawo yakhe enezinto ezicacileyo, uyachaza ukuya kuMillás iziqendu ezahlukeneyo ezenza indaleko yomntu.
Kwenye yeencwadi zakhe zangaphambili, i-paleontologist ichaza ukuba, mhlawumbi, phakathi kwe-Neanderthals kunye ne-sapiens kwakukho iimeko zokungahambi kakuhle. Noko ke, ayenganelanga ukuba loo mizila yemfuza ifikelele kweli xesha. Kamva, kwafunyaniswa ukuba, eneneni, sinemfuza yeNeanderthal.
Utitshala esimdingayo sonke
Ukucacisa ukuba kutheni abantu benezi genes ezivela kwizizwe ezindala, UJuan Luis Arsuaga unika uJuan José Millás i-panorama eyodwa: umbhali ubuza ukuba, ekugqibeleni, iiNeanderthals zizilwanyana okanye akunjalo, apho i-paleontologist iphendula ngokuthi ewe.
Ngokutsho kweArsuaga, into yokuba sibiza i-pillow pillows ayithethi ukuba singama-Arabhu (ebhekisa kungqamaniso olukhoyo phakathi kwemali mboleko yolwimi kunye nemali-mboleko yofuzo).
Ngecala lakhe, uJuan Luis Arsuaga yindoda yesayensi, kodwa naye ungumntu owaziyo inkcubeko. Kumboniso wakhe, uthetha ngepeyinti yeFlemish, utshintsho lwezoqoqosho kunye nezopolitiko olwavela kwi-Neolithic kwaye lwabangela ukungalingani, yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, kwezolimo eSpain ... konke ukufikelela kwindawo efanayo: apho sivela khona kunye nendlela esifike ngayo ngoku, kunye nepeni yethenda ebandakanya iingcamango zefilosofi kunye neembongo.
Indima kaJuan José Millás
Kwelinye icala, uJuan José UMilás uyaphoxisa ngaye, ezibiza ngokuba yiNeanderthal ngaphandle kweblue. Ukongeza ekuqokeleleni nasekubhaleni lonke ulwazi, umbhali wenoveli usebenza njengeqabane, kwaye oko ukwenza ngobuchule kunye nobukhali obuye babonakalisa imisebenzi yakhe yangaphambili. Ngobubele obufanayo obusetyenziswa nguArsuaga ukuze azuze, uMilás uvula amehlo akhe kwinto nganye entsha efunyenweyo, kwaye uyamangaliswa njengomntwana.
Uthi ngokwakhe ukuba akayena sapiens, kwaye oko kudala eyazi. Umbhali ubalisa ibali lendlela awayekhe atshone ngayo ngenxa yokungabi ngumfundi olungileyo.. Wayengafanelani nentsapho yakhe, ekholelwa ukuba wakhuliswa ngabanye abantu. Kodwa oku kukhathazeka kwapheliswa xa wayebukele umabonwakude kwaye wadibana nenkqubo malunga neeNeanderthals, kwaye wafumanisa ukuba i-protagonist ifana kakhulu naye.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba esi sihloko sipheleliswa sisicatshulwa Ukufa okuxelwe yi-sapiens kwi-Neanderthal.
Malunga nababhali
UJuan Luis Arsuaga
UJuan Luis Arsuaga UFerreras wazalwa ngowe-1954, eMadrid, eSpeyin. Ufumene iPhD yakhe kwiBiological Sciences kwiYunivesithi yaseComplutense yaseMadrid, apho ekwasebenza njengonjingalwazi kwindawo yePaleontology, kwiFaculty of Geological Sciences. Ukususela emncinci kakhulu, wayenomdla kwi-prehistory, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni enze izifundo ezipheleleyo eziye zamzuza iimbasa ezininzi.
Ukongeza kwiimbophelelo zakhe eziphindaphindiweyo, okwangoku usebenza njengoNjingalwazi oHloniphekileyo we-Anthropology kwiKholeji yeYunivesithi yaseLondon.
UJuan Jose Millás
UJuan Jose Millás
UJuan Jose Millás UGarcía, owaziwa ngokuba nguJuanjo Millás, wazalwa ngowe-1946, eValencia, eSpeyin. Njengomfana oselula wafudukela eMadrid, apho Ugqibe izifundo zakhe zesidanga kwiZiko URamiro de Maeztu. Kamva wangqiyama kumsebenzi weNzululwazi kunye neeLeta, kwimishini yeFilosofi ePure; Noko ke, kamsinya nje emva kokuba esishiyile isidanga sakhe, waza wakhetha umsebenzi kwinqwelo-moya yase-Iberia.
Ekuhambeni kwexesha, wafumana isikhundla kwezonxibelelwano, waza waqalisa ukuzuza impumelelo kumaphephandaba.
Ezinye iincwadi zikaJuan Luis Arsuaga noJuan José Millás
UJuan Luis Arsuaga
- Iintlobo ezikhethiweyo (1998);
- iminyaka esisigidi yembali (1998);
- Umgexo weNeanderthal (1999);
- abanduleli bethu (1999);
- I-nigma ye-sphinx (2001).
UJuan Jose Millás
- I-Cerberus zizithunzi (1975);
- Umbono wokurhaxwa (1977);
- Igadi engenanto (1981);
- Iphepha elimanzi (1983);
- Ileta efileyo (1984);
- Ukuphazamiseka kwegama lakho (1987).