UJavier Valenzuela. Udliwano-ndlebe nombhali wencwadi ethi Too Late to Understand

UJavier Valenzuela Usuka eGranada. Wasebenza iminyaka engamashumi amathathu El País njengaye umbhali weziganeko kwaye wayeyintatheli kwiimfazwe zaseMbindi Mpuma, umbhaleli eBeirut, eRabat, eParis naseWashington kunye nosekela-mhleli wephephandaba. Ngo-2013 waseka inkMahala, imagazini yedijithali yenyanga infoMahala. Kusemva kwexesha kakhulu ukuqonda Yincwadi yakhe yeshumi elinesihlanu kwaye inoveli yesihlanu yolwaphulo-mthetho leyo ayipapashayo, asixelela ngayo kule nto udliwano ndlebe. Ndiyabulela kakhulu ngexesha lakho kunye nobubele.

Javier Valenzuela - Udliwano-ndlebe

• ACTUALIDAD LITERATURA: Inoveli yakho entsha inesihloko Kusemva kwexesha kakhulu ukuqonda. Usixelela ntoni ngayo kwaye yavela phi le mbono? 

UJAVIER VALENZUELA: Yinoveli yolwaphulo-mthetho eyenzeka kwimbali IMadrid ye-1984. Bendifuna ukuphinda ndikhumbule eso sixeko simnyama sasiyiMadrid yeMovida. Kwelinye icala kwakukho a ukugqabhuka kobomi enkululekweni, eyayibonakala kumculo, kwimiboniso bhanya-bhanya, ukupeyinta, ukufota kunye namatheko, kodwa kwelinye icala kwakukho ukungakhuseleki okukhulu kwabemi. Oko nanjalo yayilixesha yequinquis kunye neheroin. Ndicinga ukuba ingcamango Le noveli ivele ekuqinisekiseni ukuba akukho mntu ubhale into enje. 

• AL: Ngaba ungabuyela kwincwadi yokuqala oyifundileyo? Kwaye ibali lokuqala olibhalileyo?

JV: Ndicinga ukuba incwadi yokuqala endayifundayo Amabali avela kwiAlhambra, de IWashington Irving, kuhlelo lwabantwana, kunjalo. Kwalandela iinoveli ezininzi. UJules Verne, uEmilio Salgari kunye noRobert Louis Stevenson. Ndicinga ukuba kulapho uthando lwam lweencwadi lwazalelwa khona: iincwadi zibalisa amabali amnandi, zenza ukuba uhambe kwaye ube nezinto ezingaqhelekanga. Ndaqala ukuziqhelanisa nobuntatheli ndisemncinci kakhulu kwaye ndibalisa amabali aphuma kwizixeko ezininzi namazwe ahlukeneyo.. Kodwa yayingamabali entatheli, oko kukuthi, yinyani, ifanelekile kwaye inokuqinisekiswa. Ndenze umsebenzi wam wokuqala wobuntsomi ndimdala kakhulu: inoveli itangerineYintoni a Mnyama oko kwenzeka eTangier. 

• AL: Umbhali oyintloko? Unokukhetha ngaphezu kweyodwa nakwezinye iindawo.

I-JV: Albert Camus, phakathi kwamaFrentshi. Hemingway, phakathi kwamaMerika. Cervantes kunye noPérez Galdósphakathi kwamaSpanish. Kwaye ngokumalunga noncwadi olumnyama, i-Dashiell classics UHammett, Raymond Chandler kunye noPatricia Umkhandi weentsimbi kunye neSpanish UJuan Madrid, UAlexis Ravelo y UMarta Sanz.   

• AL: Nguwuphi umlinganiswa osencwadini onqwenela ukudibana naye kunye nokwenza?

JV: I pirate UJohn omde weSilivere, de Isiqithi sobutyebi, de Stevenson. Ndiyicinga ngokupheleleyo ingoma ka-Joaquín Sabina: «Ukuba undinika ukhetho phakathi kwabo bonke ubomi, ndikhetha i-pirate eqhwalelayo, enomlenze womthi, enebala lamehlo, enobuso obubi. Isikhohlakali esidala, umthetheli wenqanawa iflegi yayo yayiyi-tibias kunye nokakayi. Ndiyabathanda abaphangi, babe libertarian ngokupheleleyo.

• AL: Ngaba unayo nayiphi na imikhwa okanye imikhwa xa kufikwa ekubhaleni nasekufundeni?

JV: Xa ndibhala iinoveli Ndiyathanda ukuba nento ehambelana nesihloko sakho esandleni. Umzekelo, xa ubhala Irhuluwa, icuba kunye nesikhumba Bendinayo enye phezu kwedesika yam Star 1922 pistol, i-9 ye-calibre long semi-automatic eyenziwe e-Éibar yoMkhosi woMkhosi. Kwindaba ye Kusemva kwexesha kakhulu ukuqonda, andizange ndiqalise ukubhala isahluko de ndawuva umxholo owawuza kusinika umxholo waso izihlandlo eziliqela. Amaculo Zombini I-Nacha Pop, iRadio Futura kunye ne-Illegales njengeLos Chichos kunye neLos Chunguitos. Ziyindlela yam yokuntywila ngexesha nakwindawo ethile.

• AL: Kwaye indawo oyikhethileyo kunye nexesha lokwenza oko? 

JV: Ndibhale iinoveli zam ezintlanu esele zipapashiwe phakathi ITangier, iAlpujarra kunye neSalobreña. Iindawo ezizolileyo, apho ndingachitha iiyure ezintandathu okanye ezisixhenxe ndibhala ngqo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okugqithisileyo. KUNYE iindawo ezintle, apho, ngorhatya, ndiyakwazi ukuhamba ngemibono emihle kwaye ndidibane neebhiya ezimbalwa kunye nabahlobo.

• AL: Ngaba zikhona ezinye iintlobo ozithandayo?

JV: Ngaphandle kohlobo lwe-noir? Ewe kunjalo. Ndafunda iincwadi ezininzi zembali kunye nefilosofi. Imbali izele ngamabali amnandi okwenyaniso, amabali adla ngokudlula ingcinga yoyena mbhali uchumileyo. Kwaye ifilosofi, ngakumbi leyo ye Epicurus, Nietzsche kunye neCamus, iyandidibanisa nobomi, indinika oko kubizwa ngamaFrentshi ulonwabo lokuphila, uvuyo lobomir.  

• AL: Ufunda ntoni ngoku? Ukubhala?

JV: Ndiphinda ndifunda, malunga nesiqingatha senkulungwane kamva, Incoko kwi-cathedral, nguVargas Llosa. Kodwa ngoku ukunikela ingqwalasela engakumbi kwifom kunokuba kumxholo, kwindlela yokubalisa kunamabali ale ncwadi. Vargas Llosa eyenziwe kule noveli a i-titanic kunye nomsebenzi oncomekayo woyilo olubalisayo.

Nendlela endigqibe ngayo kungekudalanga Kusemva kwexesha kakhulu ukuqonda, ngoku Andibhali mabali angeyonyani, ndibhala amanqaku entatheli.. Xa ndibhala iinoveli andifundi iinoveli, kuphela imbali okanye ifilosofi, ukuze ndingazingcolisi. Ndishiya iintsomi zabanye abantu ngamaxesha athile.

I-Panorama kunye neziganeko zangoku

• AL: Ucinga ukuba unjani umcimbi wopapasho?

JV: Kuyacaca ukuba indawo yokushicilela i ukulawulwa ngamaqela amathathu okanye amane amashishini amakhulu ezibeka ababhali bazo kunye neemveliso ngokumangalisayo kwiivenkile zeencwadi, kumajelo eendaba kunye namabhaso oncwadi. Yi le Amandla emali. Kodwa kukwakho nenqwaba yezinto ezincinci ezintle, abashicileli abazimeleyo abapapasha imisebenzi emihle kwaye bezama ukubenza baphile phantsi kobunzima borhwebo bentengiso. umthengisi ogqibelele. Ndinombulelo omkhulu kunye nothando olukhulu ngabahleli bethu bakaDavid. 

• AL: Ingaba eli xesha siphila kulo linzima kuwe okanye uza kukwazi ukugcina into eyakhayo kwinkcubeko nentlalontle?

UJAVIER VALENZUELA: Ihlabathi lenkulungwane yama-XNUMX lilawulwa ngokugqithiseleyo ukubawa, i-narcissism kunye nomboniso. Ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba abaphumeleleyo bayo abachaphazelayo kwiintanethi zentlalo kunye nabaphumeleleyo kukhuphiswano lwenyani lukamabonakude. Kodwa Ikwanazo nezinto ezintle kakhulu. Enye yezona zinto zivuselelayo kukukhawuleza okungaqhelekanga okubangelwa ngunobangela ukulingana kwabasetyhini.

Ndiyakuthanda ukulahlwa okukhulu kwentlalo okuthe kwabakho ukuziphatha kwe-machirula kamongameli wombutho wethu webhola ekhatywayo. Kwaye manditsho ukuba ndandingomnye wezigidi zabantu basekuhlaleni abaziva bonwabe kakhulu xa bethu iqela labasetyhini iphumelele iNdebe yeHlabathi e-Australia. Kulapho sihamba kakuhle khona.