Umzobo waseWashington Irving nguJohn Wesley Jarvis. Ngo-1809.
IWashington Irving ngomnye wababhali bakudala baseMelika kwaziwa kakhulu. Ngubani ongafundanga okanye wabona kwaye waziva epholile ngenxa Indoda engenaNtloko de Igosa lokulala elingenanto kwiinguqulelo zayo ezininzi? Kwaye ngubani ongazange ave novelwano olukhethekileyo kumfanekiso wakhe ngenxa yakhe Iimbali zeAlhambra? Namhlanje eli nqaku linikezelwe kuye liyahamba.
IWashington Irving
Uzalelwe ngaphakathi ENew York, ngo-Epreli 1783, ithathwa njenge Umbhali wokuqala waseMelika ukufezekisa udumo lwehlabathi. Ungowokuqala ukusebenzisa ifayile ye- uncwadi ukwenza abantu bahleke kunye nomzobo ubunyani bexesha lakhe, kodwa ngendlela engakhange ikhathaze uluntu. Uye wadala i Uhlobo lwaseMelika lokudibana kamva yathathwa ngoogxa abafana noMark Twain.
Wayehlala ngaphandle kwezopolitiko nakwezentlalo ezenzeka ngexesha lakhe, kodwa ukwangu ummeli wothando lwaseMelika. Ewe kunjalo, ukuthanda ezothando kunye neempawu zayo ezibonakalayo ezinje Uthando lwexesha elidlulileyo, into emnandi kunye neentsomi. Wayephethe i impembelelo yomhambi ekwabelwana ngayo nabanye abaninzi ababhali kunye namagcisa kumacala omabini eAtlantic.
Umhlobo kaWalter Scott
Yayibuhlobo bakhe nombhali omkhulu wezothando waseScotland, awenza kuhambo lwakhe oluya eYurophu, ukuba iuphenjelelwe emsebenzini wakhe kwaye wamkhuthaza ukuba abhale esinye sezihloko zakhe ezimeleyo: Incwadi yoMtsalane, uthotho lwezincoko kunye namabali. Yapapashwa eUnited States phakathi ko-1819-20, kwimiqulu eyahlukeneyo, nanjengencwadi eNgilani ngo-1820.
Incwadi yoMtsalane
I qulethe Imifanekiso yobomi besiNgesi njengaye Isidlo sangokuhlwa seKrisimesi o I-Abbey yaseWestminster, phakathi kwabanye. Kwakhona izincoko kwi Iiclichés zaseMelika kunye nokuziqhelanisa neentsomi zaseJamani njengaye Qhawula uVan Winkle y Igosa lokulala elingenanto, mhlawumbi ngowona msebenzi wakhe waziwayo. Izinto zabantu, isiteji, uburharha obunobungozi, iinkolelo, kunye neenkcukacha zenyama nazo zininzi.
Le ncwadi kwaphawula isiganeko esibalulekileyo kwinkululeko yenkcubeko yaseUnited States, hayi ngenxa yeempembelelo zesiNgesi, kodwa ngenxa yokufana kwabo.
ESpeyin
Yayiyiyo umhambi omkhulu, de isimilo esingazinzanga kodwa kwakhona ngokugula oko akuzange kumthintele ukuba enze uhambo oluninzi kwilizwe lakhe, Canada y Europe. Wabhala ngabo kweyakhe phe phandaba, apho wabhala khona izinto awazibhalayo. Wayelapha ngexesha lakhe njengonozakuzaku, kuba wayenjalo Ummeli waseMelika eMadrid. Ukusuka apho kwafika ngobomi bukaChristopher Columbus (1828) kunye Los Iimbali zeAlhambra (1832).
Okokugqibela iphefumlelwe ngamabali abantu kunye namabali. Wayengumfundi obalaseleyo kwiintsomi, eneliso elibukhali, kwaye wayedla ngokuthatha amanqaku kuyo yonke into. Uchukunyiswe kakhulu sisiko kunye nobutyebi bamabali amandulo aseSpain, izinto awayeziqokelele zazisetyenziselwa ezo ntsomi.
Intshona Melika
Xa ebuyela eMelika, waqhubeka nokuhamba ebonelela ngezixhobo zemisebenzi yakhe elandelayo egxile kwiNtshona yeMelika. Babezizihloko ezinje Uhambo olutyhutyha ingca, Astoria o IiAdventures zikaCaptain Bonneville. Kodwa akukho namnye owafezekisa impumelelo yangaphambili.
Ngokuqinisekileyo
UWashington Irving wanika uluntu into ayifunayo. Imisebenzi yezembali kunye nembali njengolonwabo kuncwadi kodwa lubhalwe ngokwaneleyo, kwaye luzele ukuthinta kwendabuko kunye nokuhlangana, kwaye imixholo enomtsalane.
Ezinye iziqwenga ze Iimbali zeAlhambra
- Ngokwenyani, nikeza iSpanish umthunzi ehlotyeni, ilanga ebusika, iqhekeza lesonka, igalikhi, ioyile, iichickpeas, ikapa endala kunye negitare, nokuba ayingokwayo, izandi zekatala, kwaye qengqa umhlaba ngendlela othanda ngayo!
- Abanye mabakhalaze ngokungabikho kweendlela ezintle kunye neehotele ezintle kunye nazo zonke izinto ezintle zelizwe elinenkcubeko kwaye liphucukile kubuntu nakwindawo eqhelekileyo, kodwa mandinyuke iintaba ezirhabaxa, ndihambe apho ndibhadule kunye namasiko asendle, kodwa ndinyanisile kwaye ukubuk 'iindwendwe, oko kunika incasa emnandi kulowo uthandwayo, wakudala kunye nothando waseSpain!