Ukufota: UJavier Lorenzo, iprofayili ye-Twitter.
UJavier Lorenzo wazalelwa eMadrid ngo-1960 kwaye wafunda ubuntatheli. Usebenze kumajelo amaninzi oshicilelo kunye nonomathotholo, njengeCadena Ser okanye i-El Mundo. Umsebenzi wakhe njengombhali waqala nge ijoni lokugqibela, isihloko esamzisela impumelelo enkulu. Kamva wapapasha i-sequel yakhe kwi Abagadi be taboo, kwaza kwalandela Ibug eluhlaza, eyaqalisa kwiMfazwe Yamakhaya yaseSpeyin. Inoveli yakhe yamva nje ithi iknight eluhlaza. Kule udliwano ndlebe Usixelela ngaye kunye neminye imixholo. Ndilixabisa ngokwenene ixesha nobubele ondinike bona.
Javier Lorenzo - Udliwano-ndlebe
- ACTUALIDAD LITERATURA: Inoveli yakho yokugqibela epapashiweyo yile iknight eluhlaza. Yintoni eyakukhuthaza kakhulu ngoSancho Martín, umntu wasembalini asekelwe kuye?
UJAVIER LORENZO: Ngaphandle kwe hlangula omnye umlahleki kwimbali yethu engenamkhawulo nenika umdla, isibakala—nto leyo endandingayazi ngelo xesha—sokuba kwakukho abantu abaninzi baseSpeyin ababesiya kulwa kwiLizwe Elingcwele. Ukusa kwinqanaba lokuba oopopu abaliqela babathintele ekubeni nenxaxheba kwiiMfazwe Zomnqamlezo, ekubeni olo bizo lwalunamandla kangangokuba lwasongela ukubhangiswa kwabemi bemihlaba yabo yaye, ngenxa yoko, ngokuyekiswa kwemfazwe yethu yomnqamlezo, eyayibizwa ngokuba yimfazwe yomnqamlezo. Ukujonga kwakhona. Kwelinye icala, ukuba wethu iqhawe -kuba ingabizwa ngokuba yiloo nto-yeza kudibana nosultan Isaladi ngesicelo sakhe kwabonakala kum ingcaciso emangalisayo kunye nentsingiselo epheleleyo. Ewe, kufanelekile ukuba yintsomi.
- AL: Ngaba uyazikhumbula naziphi na izifundo zakho zokuqala? Kwaye ibali lokuqala olibhalileyo?
JL: Ndisengumntwana ndade ndafunda nemiyalelo yoqeqesho. Ndikhumbula ndise Primary ndacela umama ukuba andinike iqoqo elipheleleyo Abahlanu, nguEnyd Blyton. Ukuba uphumelele bonke ngoJuni, kunjalo. Ukongeza, yonke iBruguera yadlula ezandleni zam kwaye ndadibana Isalgari, Stevenson, Zane Grey kwaye, kunjalo, kunye Jules Verne. I-Adventures yeKapteni Hatteras okanye Isiqithi esimangalisayo -ngaphandle kweminye imisebenzi yakhe eyaziwa kakhulu—yayiqwengwa kabuhlungu ngamehlo am alambileyo nawayengathi akabi namdla. INyanga, iipali, iMaelstrom… Yayiluvuyo olo.
Kwaye into yokuqala endiyibhalileyo yaba Imibongo, ngokuqinisekileyo. Kumama, ndiyaqikelela. Andizukuyitsiba i-cliché okwangoku. Nangeyiphi ndlela, Ndandisoloko ndiphumelela ukhuphiswano lwesincoko ndisuka eklasini yam, ndiye ndehla kwaye ndilapha.
- AL: Umbhali oyintloko? Unokukhetha ngaphezu kweyodwa nakwezinye iindawo.
JL: Ngendlela yabo, ndicinga ukuba bobathathu bayafana, nangona bohluke kakhulu: Stendhal, Kafka y Hemingway. Bobathathu bane-prose elula, ekhohlisayo. Njengoko uHemingway etshilo xa bemxelela ngoFaulkner: "Ndiyawazi onke amagama amabi awabhalayo, kodwa andiwasebenzisi kuba andifuni." Kuza kudlula iinkulungwane kwaye ulwimi lwayo luya kuqhubeka lulolona xesha, lusebenzayo kwaye lunomtsalane. Ngokuphathelele abantu baseSpeyin, Cela kunye Ukunyoba, nangona ngokumangalisayo inoveli yembali yeValladolid enkulu -Umwexuki— wandishiya ndigodola.
- AL: Nguwuphi umlinganiswa osencwadini onqwenela ukudibana naye kunye nokwenza?
JL: Ndiyathandabuza ukuba bendingathanda ukudibana naye: UPedro Paramo.
- AL: Ngaba unayo nayiphi na imikhwa okanye imikhwa xa kufikwa ekubhaleni nasekufundeni?
JL: Andikhethi, kodwa ndiyayidinga cwaka kunye, ukubhala, umda wangaphambili we u lonwabo.
- AL: Kwaye indawo oyikhethileyo kunye nexesha lokwenza oko?
JL: Amaxesha amaninzi ndibhala ngawo i-nocheKodwa bekufanele ukuba kudala ndayitshintsha loo nto. Kukho inkwenkwe enyanzelisa ukuya esikolweni.
- AL: Ngaba zikhona ezinye iintlobo ozithandayo?
JL: Bonke abo babhala ngokunyanisekileyo. Iindidi zibubuxoki. Kukho uhlobo olunye kuphela, olo luncwadi olulungileyo, kunye nesichazi esinikiweyo akukhathaliseki: abamnyama, abantwana, iintsomi zenzululwazi...
- AL: Ufunda ntoni ngoku? Ukubhala?
JL: Okwangoku ndibona izinto ezingekhoyo — ayilobinzana elibekiweyo, ingqondo yam iyajikeleza — inoveli emfutshane ukusuka eTransylvanian (yenzalelwane yaseHungary, ngegama) UAttila Bartis. Ibizwa ngokuba sisihloko Ukuhamba. Ayinakuchazwa, i-schizophrenic, inamandla kwaye ingenasiphelo. Kubonakala ngathi ibhalwe yi-mountebank engendawo kwaye ephambeneyo. Iyandoyikisa!
Ewe ubhale, Ndinenqanaba eliphezulu lokukhulelwa inoveli engeyiyo nje imbali, kodwa ingathi akhonto ndiyenzileyo kude kube ngoku. Kukufunyanwa. Inyathelo ngalinye liyamangalisa. Kwaye andongezi ngakumbi.
- AL: Ucinga ukuba unjani umcimbi wopapasho?
JL: Ndihlala, hayi kancinci. Babekek’ ityala ngesibakala sokuba abafundi abakabi lolo hlobo lwehlelo elifihlakeleyo nelikaSathana. Iintsikelelo zam kubo bonke. Ukusuka kweyona inkulu ukuya kwencinci. Kwaye yiza, sele ubeke, kwabo bazipapashayo iincwadi, nabo.
- AL: Ngaba umzuzu wobunzima esijamelana nawo unzima kuwe okanye uya kuba nakho ukugcina into elungileyo kumabali exesha elizayo?
JL: Kunzima njengaye nabani na. Kodwa kum ingxaki, ubhubhane kunye nemfazwe ziziganeko nje. Ngenye imini, ukuba uyafuna, ndiya kukuxelela ukuba kutheni.