Quartet yaseAlexandria luthotho lweenoveli-Justine, Balthazar, Intaba y Ucoceko-yenziwe ngumbhali wase-Bhritane u-Lawrence G. Durrell. Wayekwangumbongi owaziwayo, umbhali wemidlalo yeqonga, umbhali weencwadi zokuhamba kunye neebhayografi. Ngelixa le tetralogy ibingowona msebenzi wakhe ubalaseleyo ngenxa yeenjongo zakhe, ezifana I-Avignon Quintet, Chaza ulwalamano lomntu.
Ngesi sizathu, uDurrell wenza impikiswano esekwe kumava eqela labahlobo ababelana ngenxalenye yobomi babo bemihla ngemihla kwisixeko saseAlexandria, e-Egypt. (Phambi nasemva kweNdebe yeHlabathi yeSibini). Ngokulinganayo, enkosi kwindlela ethile yokuhanjiswa ngakunye, iinguqulelo ezine ezahlukeneyo ziyafunyanwa, ziyaphikisana kwaye, kwangaxeshanye, ziyahambelana webali elifanayo.
Ezinye iinyani malunga nombhali
Unyana wabahlali baseBritane, uLawrence George Durrell wazalelwa eJalandar, eIndiya, ngoFebruwari 27, 1912. Wathunyelwa ukuba aye kufunda eNgilane, utshintsho angazange alwamkele kwaye ibe nefuthe elibi ekuhlaleni kwabo eyunivesithi. Ke, impendulo kule meko yayikukuzinikezela ekubhaleni. Yavela ke ingqokelela yakhe yokuqala yemibongo, Iqhekeza elinqabileyo (Ngo-1931), eyayamkelwe phakathi.
Ngo-1938 yapapashwa Incwadi emnyama, ibali elilayishwe ziindinyana ezaba yimpumelelo yokuqala yombhali waseBritane. Emva koko ungene ICefalu (Ngo-1948) -inoveli yakhe yokuqala- waphonononga ezona nkxalabo zakhe zibalulekileyo kwaye waphawula ukuqala kobomi obudumileyo kuhlobo olo. UDurrell wasweleka eSommières, eFrance, ngoNovemba 8, 1990.
Eminye yemisebenzi yakhe eyaziwa kakhulu
- Isisele sikaProspero (1945)
- Ukubonakalisa kwiVenus yolwandle (1955)
- Iilamuni ezikrakra (1957)
- I-Tunc (1968)
- neverquam (1970)
- I-carousel yeSicilian (1977)
- I-Avignon Quintet (1985)
- Umbono weProvence (1989)
Uhlalutyo Quartet yaseAlexandria
U-Lawrence G. Durrell wayefuna ukucacisa kwi-quartet yakhe umbono we-space-time evezwe ngu-Albert Einstein kwithiyori yakhe yobudlelwane ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-XNUMX. Ngamazwi ombhali ngokwakhe, le saga -Oku kuye kwamenza wangumbhali— ibhengeza njenge-axis esembindini "uphando lothando lwangoku."
Ngokukwanjalo, abafundi kunye nabahlalutyi boncwadi bayithathela ingqalelo le nto njenge ukubonakaliswa okuqaqambileyo kweziganeko ezenzeka eYiphutha ngaphambi kweMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi. Ngale ndlela, ivolumu nganye ye-tetralogy ibonisa ukuba abalinganiswa abafanayo abacwangciswe kwimeko efanayo banokunconywa ngokwembono eyahlukileyo kwaye batolikwe ngokwahlukileyo.
Injongo kunye neenxalenye zetetralogy
Ngaphantsi kweenjongo ezichazwe kumhlathi ongaphambili, UDurrell wavelisa uthotho lweencwadi ezine ezenza inoveli iphela. Ezokuqala ezintathu,Justine, Balthazar y Intaba-mela ubungakanani be-Euclidean yendawo. Ke ngoko, ibali lijolise kwibali elinye, kodwa ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokujonga.
Sele kwisicatshulwa sesine, Ucoceko, umbhali ubandakanye ubungakanani bexeshana. Ngenxa yoko, ukuqhubela phambili kwebali kunye nesiphumo se-tetralogy kunokwenzeka. Nokuba ku UDurrell wasilela ukudlulisela kubafundi bakhe ukuqonda okungcono kweethiyori zika-Einstein, kubonakala ngathi icacisa eminye imibuzo malunga el amor kule mihla.
Iprojekthi yoqobo
Iingcali zemfundo zihlala zibalaselisa i-anecdote yendlela uLawrence George Durrell ayenze ngayo ikota. Ukusukela uyilo lokuqala lomsebenzi wobukrelekrele wase-Bhritane yayikukumela ithiyori… Ekugqibeleni, yaphela iba yinto emangalisayo inoveli ifunyenwe njengelifa ukusuka kwinkulungwane yama-XNUMX kwaye ixabiseke kakhulu unanamhla.
Ixabiso langaphakathi
UDurrell wasebenzisa iqela labahlobo bakhe ababephambi kweMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi ukuze andise iingcinga zakhe. Kule meko, umbhali wenoveli wase-Bhritane uchaza ukubekwa phambili kuka-dIxabiso eliyinyani lobuhlobo phakathi kwabantu abakwaziyo ukubonisa ubuhlobo nangona beyantlukwano.
Ukongeza, abagxeki abaninzi bavumile ukuwudumisa lo msebenzi ngokubonakaliswa okucacileyo kwesixeko esichazwe ngobunewunewu obukhulu beenkcukacha. Ngapha koko, idolophu enkulu ibonakala njengomnye umlinganiswa. Ngokwamagama ombhali, "isixeko esisisebenzisileyo ngokungathi siziintyatyambo zaso, esisibandakanyeka kungquzulwano ebesilulo kwaye ngempazamo sayikholelwa eyethu, iAlexandria ethandekayo".
Isishwankathelo
Justine (1957)
Isavenge sokuqala senzeka kwiAlexandria ebabazekayo (kodwa eyodolo) yee-1930. Apha umbhali uchaza ibali lothando phakathi kuka-Justine onobunzima kunye nokukhohlisa kunye noDarley, umbalisi webali.. Eli lokugqibela lifumaneka ekuqaleni kwebali kwisiqithi saseGrisi esizimeleyo sikhatshwa nguMelissa, intombazana eneminyaka emibini ubudala, intombi yesithandwa sakhe sangaphambili.
Apho-ngohlobo lokurhoxa-ukuhlala kwakhe e-Alexandria kunye namanye amalungu ebali kuvusa iinkumbulo. Imalunga noBalthazar, Nessim kunye noMountolive, amabali abo ahambelana nobudlelwane obunamandla bothando, ubuhlobo kunye nokungcatsha. Ngendlela enye, Ngokujongwa kwaba balinganiswa, i-idiosyncrasy kunye nendlela yokuphila yeso sixeko saseAfrika ziyabonakala.
Balthazar (1958)
Kwincwadi yesibini yesaga, iinyani kunye nexesha elichaziweyo ziyafana nezo Justine. Umahluko kuphela kukuba iinyani zibonisiwe ngokwembono kaGqirha Balthazar, Ngubani obona uJustine njengowasetyhini obalayo, obandayo kwaye ogcwele iinjongo ezimnyama. Ngokuhambelana, kuye ubudlelwane phakathi kwakhe noDarley buvela kwisicwangciso esichasene nesisa sothando.
Intaba (1959)
Kwisitofu sesithathu, olunye uguquko lwenzeka; liziko laseburhulumenteni eliNgesi u-David Mountolive. Lo mlinganiswa uphila ubudlelwane obunomdla kunye nomntu obhinqileyo ongaphezulu kwakhe. Ukongeza, ubandakanyeka kwiyelenqe lezopolitiko. Emva kwakhe nguJustine noNessim, ke ngoko, ibali lijolise eluthandweni nakumayelenqe amandla ezopolitiko.
Ucoceko (1960)
U-Lawrence George Durrell wafikelela kwisiphelo se-tetralogy yakhe ngokusondeleyo kwindawo entle engalibalekiyo. Ucoceko, izisa isimilo sokuziphatha kwi-saga ngokubalisa iindlela kunye neziphumo ezithathwa ngabo bonke abalinganiswa xa imfazwe iphela. Kwelinye icala, uJustine uvaleleke kwindawo ahlala kuyo kwaye uMountolive ushiya iAlexandria.
Endaweni yokuba, uDarley ubuyela esixekweni, ngaphandle kwemfazwe, engalahlekanga ngumtsalane wayo. Kwinxalenye yayo, UClea, umlingiswa, ulindele uDarley ekufikeni kwakhe edolophini ngaphandle kokuba abe nengcinga esele ikho ngaye okanye ngeziganeko ezizayo. Ekugqibeleni, bobabini bothuswa luthando.
Ucoceko kunye nelifa le-tetralogy
Kuphononongo oluninzi kunye nohlalutyo, Ucoceko Kubhekiswa kuko njengesithsaba kwimbali engengokungonakaliyo. Ngokufanayo, le ncwadi ivumela ukuqonda okucacileyo kwayo yonke iyelenqe eliphuhliswe kufakelo lwangaphambili. Ngesi sizathu, isavenge samva nje sithathwa ngabagxeki njengombhalo ogqityiweyo ukuguqula i-quartet ibe ngumsebenzi wobugcisa oyinyani.