Ibinzana likaPaloma Sánchez Garnica
UPaloma Sánchez-Garnica ngumbhali ozenzele igama phakathi kwababhali abakhulu bebali leSpanish leminyaka eliwaka elitsha. Udumo olunjalo luyimveliso yezicwangciso eziguquguqukayo ezisongelwe kwi-aura ethile yemfihlakalo kwaye enxulunyaniswa neziganeko zembali zenkulungwane yama-XNUMX. Zonke ezi mpawu zikhankanyiweyo zicace kakhulu Iintsuku zokugqibela eBerlin, inoveli edwelisiweyo yeBhaso lePlaneta 2021.
Okunye uphawu olungenakuthintelwa kwiingxelo zombhali ovela eMadrid luyilo oluhle kakhulu lwabalinganiswa unikwe ubuntu nobunzulu bengqondo. Kule meko, uYuri Santacruz, ummi waseSpeyin nowaseRashiya osebenza kumzi wozakuzo waseSpeyin kwikomkhulu leJamani yamaNazi, ngoko nangoko uthimb’ ingqalelo yabafundi.
Uhlalutyo Iintsuku zokugqibela eBerlin (2021)
Ezinye zeziganeko zembali ekubhekiselwa kuzo kule noveli
- Inguquko yaseRashiya (1917) kunye nemfazwe yamakhaya phakathi kwamaBolshevik nabachasi benguqu (1918 – 1920);
- Ukuphakama kukaHitler kwigunya lamaNazi eJamani (1932-1934);
- Kristallnacht, Ubusuku beglasi eyaphukileyo (1938);
- Ukuqhambuka kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II (1939);
- Udlwengulo olukhulu lwabasetyhini ngexesha lokungqingwa kweBerlin (1945).
Ingqiqo yenoveli
Kudliwanondlebe olwanikwa i-UNIR (ngoFebruwari 2022), uPaloma Sánchez-Garnica wachaza ukuba izimvo zenoveli yakhe yesibhozo zivela kumdla. Ngaphandle kolwazi lwakhe oluninzi lwezemfundo, waziva efuna ukuqonda ngcono ixesha eliphononongwayo Iintsuku zokugqibela eBerlin. Ngokukodwa, kule ngongoma, amazwi akhe aye ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
"Ndandinomdla wokuqonda umzuzu othile embalini, indlela abantu abafana nathi, abantu abaqhelekileyo abanobomi obuqhelekileyo, ababulawula ngayo ubomi babo kuloo meko, ngokucalula kunye neengcamango ". Ngesi sizathu, Umbhali waseMadrid wafunda intaphane yeedayari zobuqu, uphononongo kunye namaxwebhu exesha inoveli yakhe ijongana nalo.
I-intrastories kunye nokwakhiwa kwabalinganiswa
Iintsuku zokugqibela eBerlin Ngokusisiseko enye yothando nobuhlobo eyabakho phakathi kolona ngquzulwano luphawulekayo lwemfazwe kwinkulungwane yama-XNUMX. Kulo mongo, lonke ulwalamano lwabantu lwachaphazeleka, kodwa ithemba ekugqibeleni libaluleke ngakumbi kunentiyo nomsindo. Konke oku ngaphandle kokuphulukana ne-iota yeempawu zembali ezingqongqo zombhali waseSpain.
Ngamazwi kaSánchez-Garnica, inoveli "yincoko yababini eyodwa nomlinganiswa ngamnye kwaye uyenza eyakho -ngokubhekiselele kumfundi- ngokweemeko zakho zobuqu”. Ngokunjalo, umbhali ukholelwa ukuba umlinganiswa wakhe uvuyise uluntu ngenxa yengqiqo yakhe kunye nokukwazi kwakhe ukugcina imigaqo yakhe yokuziphatha nakwezona meko zinzima.
Amaxhoba athuliswa
Ukuphuhliswa kwale ncwadi kubhentsisa uninzi lwezona ziganeko zinegazi kumzabalazo wembali. Okokuqala, kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II kwakungekho ntlonelo ngabantu, abathi, ngaphandle kokudubula kweebhombu, balamba yaye bengcungcuthekiswa. Umzekelo omele kakhulu ngowokubabaleki baseBerlin ekwafuneka baye kukha amanzi kwimithombo yoluntu phakathi kongqingo.
Enye inkohlakalo eyothusayo yayiyimpatho ethob’ isidima nengenabuntu kumabhinqa, aguqulwa abe ngamaxhoba emfazwe yimikhosi ehleliyo. Obu burhalarhume benziwa kuqala ngamajoni aseJamani eRashiya kwaye emva koko-ngempindezelo-ngabalweli baseRashiya eJamani. Ngokuphathelele oku, umbhali waseSpain ubhengeze oku kulandelayo:
"Abafazi kwafuneka bavale umlomo, bathule intlupheko yabo, ukuze bamkele loo madoda oyisiweyo, ukuhlaziswa… ukuphepha ukulahlwa nokukuphepha ukuba neentloni phambi kwabo.”
Isishwankathelo seMihla yokuGqibela eBerlin
Indlela yokuqala
Kwasekuqaleni, la macala mabini aphikisayo ezopolitiko abangele intlekele ayabonakala kwibali: ubuNazi-socialism kunye nobukomanisi bukaStalin. KwakungoJanuwari 1933 xa uHitler wamiselwa njengeNgqonyela yaseJamani.. Okwangoku, abalinganiswa abaphambili babonakala bexakeke kunxantathu wothando wendoda enabafazi ababini.
Emva koko, isenzo sibuyela kunyaka we-1921, kwisixeko saseSaint Petersburg. UYuri Santacruz wakhulela apho, unyana we-diplomat yaseSpain kunye nomfazi waseRashiya ovela kwintsapho ecebileyo eyenzakaliswa ngumbono we-collectist wamaBolsheviks. Ngoko oohlohlesakhe baseRashiya abazange baphelele nje ekuphulukaneni nezinto zabo eziphathekayo, bahluthwa namalungelo abo baza banyanzeleka ukuba basabe.
Injongo kaYuri
UVeronica—umama womlinganiswa—nonyana wakhe omncinane abazange bakwazi ukukhwela uloliwe owawuza kubavumela ukuba bawushiye ummandla waseRashiya. Ngesi sizathu, ukumanyana kwentsapho kuya kuba sisizathu sobomi bukaYuri yaye akazange alibazise ukwamkela umsebenzi kumzi wozakuzo waseSpeyin eBerlin. Kwikomkhulu laseBerlin wayeza kuba phantsi koqeqesho luka-Eric Villanueva, unobhala wabathunywa.
Kwakhona, eBerlin uYuri ngempazamo wadibana noClaudia Kaller (kamva wayeza kufumanisa ukuba wayengumfazi wegosa eliphezulu le-SS). Emva koko, USantacruz wadibana noKrista, umfazi onomdla onesidanga sobugqirha. owagxothwayo emva kokuphathwa kakubi koogxa bakhe abangamaYuda. Ngale ndlela unxantathu wothando wenziwa.
Izigaba
Nangona iBerlin yeyona ndawo iphambili yenoveli, ngamanye amaxesha ibali lifudukela eMoscow kwaye libonisa iiGulags ezoyikisayo. Ekugqibeleni, Ubomi bukaYuri bashiyeka bujinga emngciphekweni njengoko wayefuna unina kunye nomntakwabo omncinci eRashiya. Ngasekupheleni kwencwadi, iSwitzerland ivela njengendawo apho ithemba linokuzalwa ngokutsha.
Njengoko iziganeko zisenzeka, ukoyiswa kweJamani kutyhilwa ngokwembono yabafazi baseJamani kunye nabasindileyo abathotyiweyo. Ke, iseti yeenkxwaleko kunye neentlekele zenza kucace ngalo lonke ixesha ukuba ubukhosi ngumhlaza obulalayo kuluntu.
Malunga nombhali
UPaloma Sánchez-Garnica
UPaloma Sánchez-Garnica wazalelwa eMadrid, eSpeyin, ngoAprili 1, 1962. Ngaphambi kokuba azinikele ixesha elizeleyo ekubhaleni, wasebenza iminyaka emininzi njengegqwetha. Inyaniso, Unesidanga soMthetho kunye neJografi kunye neMbali. Lo mva ubonakala kakhulu ekulawuleni kwakhe izihloko ezinxulumene neSpanish kunye nememori yembali yaseYurophu.
Nangona kunjalo, iMadrilenian kwafuneka ilinde de ibe yiminyaka yobudala ukuze ikwazi ukuzalisekisa iphupha lokuzinikezela kumnqweno wakhe omkhulu: ukubhala. Ekugqibeleni, Ngo-2006, indlu yokupapasha i-Planeta yapapasha into yakhe yokuqala, IArcanum enkulu. Kwiminyaka elandelayo, ukuqaliswa kwe Umoya wasempuma (2009) Umphefumlo wamatye (2010) kunye Amanxeba amathathu (2012).
Ukungcwaliswa
Iincwadi ezine zokuqala zikaPaloma Sánchez-Garnica zifumene ukuphononongwa okuncomekayo kubagxeki, amanani abahleli abalulekileyo, kunye nokwamkelwa okuhle kuluntu. Kunjalo, impumelelo ye Sonata sokuthula (2012) uphawule inguqu kumsebenzi wombhali I-Iberian xa iguqulelwe kwiscreen esincinci ngeTVE. Iziqendu ezisithoba zolu ngcelele zasasazwa zizonke.
Kwi-2016, umbhali waseMadrid wapapasha Inkumbulo yam yomelele kunokulibala kwakho, ukuphumelela inoveli yeBhaso likaFernando Lara. Iimpumelelo ziqhubekile nokukhululwa kwe Urhano lukaSofia (2019), ibali lakhe libonisa ukuguquguquka kwe-Francoist yaseSpain kunye neenkcukacha ezinzulu zokuphela kweMfazwe ebandayo eBerlin.