Amagama kaJulia

"Amagama kaJulia" ngumbongo odumileyo obhalwe ngumbhali waseSpain uJosé Agustín Goytisolo (1928-1999). Lo mbongo wapapashwa ngo-1979 njengenxalenye yencwadi enegama elifanayo Amagama kaJulia. Isicatshulwa sibhekiswe kwintombi yakhe njenge-ode yovuyo ebusweni bento, yona ngokwayo, imbongi eyaziyo ukuba yayimlindile kuhambo lobomi uqobo, naxa wayengasekho kufutshane okanye kule ndiza.

Umbongo uthathe udumo olubi ngexesha elifutshane. Yaba njalo ke into yokuba Yatshintshelwa kwingoma ngababhali abanjengoMercedes Sosa, uKiko Veneno noRosa León. Okunye okubalaseleyo phakathi kwabadlali yiLos Suaves, iSoleá Morente kunye neRosalía, ukubala nje abambalwa. Isicatshulwa, namhlanje, sigcina loo mthunzi wethemba xa ujongene nobunzima kuye nabani na oza kuwufunda.

Iprofayile yomntu obhalayo

Ukuzalwa nosapho

UJosé Agustín Goytisolo Gay wazalwa ngo-Epreli 13, 1928 kwisixeko saseSpain i-Barcelona. Wayengowokuqala kubantwana abathathu bakaJosé María Goytisolo noJulia Gay. Abantakwabo abancinci, UJuan Goytisolo (1931-2017) kunye noLuis Goytisolo (1935-), nabo kamva bazinikela ekubhaleni. Bonke bafikelele kwindumasi kuluntu loncwadi lwaseSpain.

Ukuthetha ngokwezoqoqosho, usapho lwaluhlala kakuhle. Kunokuthiwa bangabasebukhosini baseSpain belo xesha. Ubuntwana bakhe budlula phakathi kweencwadi kunye nokusingqongileyo okulungele ukukhula kwakhe kwengqondo.

Kwiminyaka enqabileyo yeminyaka eli-10, umbhali wexesha elizayo waphulukana nonina, ngenxa yokuhlaselwa ngumoya ngu-Franco e-Barcelona. Esi siganeko siphawule ngokupheleleyo ubomi bosapho. Ukongeza, kuye kwabangela ukuba umbhali abhaptize intombi yakhe negama Julia. Ewe kunjalo, ubungqwabalala bomsitho bukwakhuthaze ukwenziwa kombongo othi "Palabras para Julia".

Izifundo

Kuyaziwa ukuba uGoytisolo wafunda kwiDyunivesithi yaseBarcelona. Apho wafunda umthetho, owawufanele ufikelele eMadrid. Kwisixeko sokugqibela, wayehlala kwindawo yokuhlala usodolophu waseColegio uNuestra Señora de Guadalupe. Ngelixa wayekula maziko, wadibana neembongi zesimo sikaJosé Manuel Caballero Bonald noJosé Ángel Valente, awathi wabelana naye kwaye wadibanisa ngokudibeneyo uphawu lweGeneración del 50.

IGoytisolo kunye nesiZukulwana sama-50

Ngaphandle kukaBonald noValente, UGoytisolo uhlikihla amagxa ngabantu abanemibongo njengoJaime Gil de Biedma, uCarlos Barral noAlfonso Costafreda. Ngabo, kunye nabanye abaninzi abaye babonwa yimbali, imbongi yathatha indima yomsebenzi wayo njengesiseko sokukhuthaza utshintsho olufunekayo lokuziphatha kunye nezopolitiko ezazifunwa luluntu lwaseSpain.

Esi sizukulwana se-mettle asiphelelanga ekubeni sisimo sobukrelekrele baseSpain. Hayi.

Ukuqala kokupapashwa kwakhe kunye nenqaku lakhe kuncwadi

Kwakuneminyaka engama-26 ubudala apho uJosé Agustín Goytisolo waqhekeza ngokusesikweni kwicandelo lezoncwadi lelizwe lakhe. Nangona wayesele epapashe imibongo eliqela kwaye esenza ukuba ubuchule bakhe boonobumba baziwe, kwaba ngo-1954 awathi wachaphazela imeko yokubhala yaseSpain Buya. Ukupapashwa kwamzuzela imbasa yesibini yeAdonáis.

Ukusukela ngoko ukuya phambili, amanqaku emisebenzi alandelwa, ukubakho Amagama kaJulia (1979) yenye yezona zinto zinempembelelo kwinkcubeko yaseSpain nakwilizwe jikelele. Ikwaqaqanjisiwe Ubusuku bulungile (1992), umsebenzi ovumela umbhali ukuba aphumelele imbasa yabaGxeki (1992).

Ukufa

Emva kobomi obadlula phakathi kovuyo kunye novuyo, impumelelo enkulu kunye nelifa elikhulu, ukufa kwembongi kweza kabuhlungu. Kukho iingcinga ezininzi ezihambelana nokuhamba kombhali kwangoko. Kwakukuzibulala. Wayeneminyaka engama-70 kuphela kwaye kwenzeka emva kokuziphosa ngefestile ekhayeni lakhe e-Barcelona. Umzimba wafunyanwa kwisitalato iMaría Cubí. Kukho abo bathetha ngomfanekiso oxinezelekileyo, kwaye baxhasa indawo yabo kwibinzana elikhutshwe ngumbhali omnye ngomhla wokuzalwa kwakhe:

"Ukuba kuye kwafuneka ndiphinde ndikhumbule yonke into endiye ndadibana nayo, kungcono ndingaphindi ndiyifumane."

Inyani yile yokuba usiba lwakhe lwalusele lucidity olukhulu, umsebenzi wakhe wamva uyakuqinisekisa oku Ingcuka entle elungileyo (1999). Oku kwapapashwa kwiminyaka emi-3 emva kokumka kwakhe. Ukusweleka kwakhe kushiya umngxunya kwiileta zaseSpain, kodwa imisebenzi yakhe kunye nelifa lakhe limvumela ukuba abuyele ebomini ngokuvunyelwa sisazela.

Gqibezela imisebenzi kaJosé Agustín Goytisolo

Umsebenzi wokubhala walo mbhali waseSpain wawungekho mncinci. Apha ungayibona imisebenzi yakhe epheleleyo kunye nokupapashwa emva kokufa:

• Buya (1954).
• Iindumiso kumoya (1956).
• Ubunyani (1959).
• Iminyaka yokuthatha isigqibo (1961).
• Kukho into eyenzekayo (1968).
• Ukunyamezelana okuphantsi (1973).
• Indawo yokusebenzela yoyilo (1976).
• Ixesha kunye nokulibala (1977).
• Amagama kaJulia (1979).
• Amanyathelo omzingeli (1980).
• Ngamanye amaxesha uthando olukhulu (1981).
• Malunga neemeko (1983).
• Ukuphela kokuvalelisa (1984).
• Ubusuku bulungile (1992).
• Ingelosi eluhlaza kunye nezinye zafumana imibongo (1993).
• Elegies ukuya kuJulia (1993).
• Njengoololiwe basebusuku (1994).
• Iincwadana ezivela ku-El Escorial (1995).
• Ingcuka entle elungileyo (1999, yapapashwa ngo-2002).

I-Anthologies

• Iimbongi zangoku zeCatalan (1968).
• Imibongo yaseCuba yoVukelo (1970).
• UJosé Lezama Lima Anthology.
• UJorge Luis Borges Anthology.
• Imibongo ikratshi lam, ingqokelela yemibongo. Ushicilelo lukaCarme Riera (indlu yokupapasha yaseLumen, 2003).

Iinguqulelo

Lwaphawulwa ngokwenza iinguqulelo ezisuka kwisiTaliyane naseCatalan. Waguqulela imisebenzi ka:

• Lelama Lima.
• Pave.
• Quasimodo.
• UPasolini.
• USalvador Espriu.
• UJoan Vinyoli.

Amabhaso afunyenwe kunye nokwamkelwa

• Umsebenzi wakhe Buya ufumene uMvuzo weSibini uAdonáis (1954).
• Ibhaso leBoscán (1956).
• I-Ausias March Award (1959).
• Ubusuku bulungile yamenza walifanelekela iBhaso labaGxeki (1992).

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-UAB (i-Autonomous University yaseBarcelona) yayijongene nokusingathwa kwawo wonke umsebenzi kunye namaxwebhu embongi kunye nobomi bayo. Imathiriyeli iphelele, kwaye ifumaneka kwiThala leeNcwadi loLuntu.

Amagama kaJulia

Iimvumi

Este Umbongo waguqulwa waba yingoma Kwaye kwenziwa ngamagcisa alandelayo namaqela:

• UPaco Ibáñez.
• UMercedes Sosa.
• UTania Libertad.
• Umnxeba.
• USoleá Morente.
• URosalia.
• URolando Sartorio.
• ULiliana Herrero.
• URosa Leon.
• UIvan Ferreiro.
• Ubuhlungu beKiko.
• UIsmael Serrano.
• IiSuaves.

Kufuneka iqatshelwe into yokuba, ukongeza kwimvumi yomculo "Amagama kaJulia", uPaco Ibáñez uthathe umsebenzi wokukhuthaza umsebenzi kaGoytisolo. Imvumi ikwenze kwi-albhamu yakhe UPaco Ibáñez uculela uJosé Agustín Goytisolo (2004).

Umbongo

"Awunakho ukubuyela umva

kuba ubomi sele bukutyhala

njengokubhomboloza okungapheliyo.

Ntombi yam kungcono uphile

ngovuyo lwabantu

kunokuba ukhale phambi kodonga oluyimfama.

Uyakuva ikona

uya kuziva ulahlekile okanye uwedwa

mhlawumbi awufuni kuzalwa.

Ndiyazi kakuhle ukuba baya kukuxelela ntoni

Obo bomi abunanjongo

into engathandekiyo.

Ngalo lonke ixesha khumbula

yeyiphi enye imini endiyibhalileyo

ukucinga ngawe njengoko ndicinga ngoku.

Ubomi buhle, uyabona

Ngaphandle kokuzisola

uya kuba nabahlobo, uya kuba nothando.

Indoda enesizungu, umfazi

ithathwe ngolu hlobo, nganye nganye

Zifana nothuli, azinto yanto.

Kodwa xa ndithetha nawe

xa ndikubhalela la mazwi

Ndicinga nabanye abantu.

Isiphelo sakho sikwezinye

ikamva lakho bubomi bakho

isidima sakho sesabantu bonke.

Abanye banethemba lokuba uyaxhathisa

ngamana uvuyo lwenu lungabanceda

Ingoma yakho phakathi kweengoma zakhe.

Ngalo lonke ixesha khumbula

yeyiphi enye imini endiyibhalileyo

ukucinga ngawe njengoko ndicinga ngoku.

Ungaze unikezele okanye ujike

ngendlela, ungaze utsho

Andikwazi ukuyithatha kwaye ndihlala apha.

Ubomi buhle, uya kubona

Ngaphandle kokuzisola

uya kuba nothando, uya kuba nabahlobo.

Ngaphandle koko akukho khetho

neli hlabathi njengoko linjalo

iya kuba lilifa lakho lonke.

Ndixolele, andazi ukuba ndikuxelele njani

ayikho enye into, kodwa uyaqonda

ukuba ndisendleleni.

Njalo hlala ukhumbula

yeyiphi enye imini endiyibhalileyo

ndicinga ngawe njengokuba ndicinga ngoku ”.

Uhlalutyo

Yobunzima bobomi

Kuzo zonke izitanza ezili-16 zeevesi ezintathu zasimahla, umbhali uthetha nentombi yakhe ayicebise ngendlela emlindeleyo kule nkqubo yokungaqiniseki esikubiza ngokuba bubomi. Ekuqaleni, uyamlumkisa ukuba akukho kubuya, uyishiya ngokucacileyo nangokugxininisa kwisigaba sokuqala:

"Awunakho ukubuyela umva

kuba ubomi sele bukutyhala

njengesikhalo esingapheliyo ”.

Oku kuzaliswa libinzana le-lapidary lesigaba sesithathu "mhlawumbi awufuni kuzalwa." Ngale vesi wenza intetho ebhekisa ngqo kwindinyana kaYobhi 3: 3 "Umhla wokuzalwa kwam uya kutshabalala, nobusuku ekwathiwa ngabo," Ukhulelwe umntu. "

Umnxeba wokuzola

Nangona kunjalo, kwisigaba sesibini, uthi:

"Ntombi yam kungcono uphile

ngovuyo lwabantu

Kunokukhala phambi kodonga oluyimfama ”.

Le yifowuni yokuzola kwaye uthathe imeko yovuyo, endaweni yokuba uzivumele uzithathele ukuzisola kunye nosizi. Imbongi inyanzelisa ukuba amazwi elishwa azakufika kuye, kuba bubomi obo, kodwa iyamcenga ukuba ahlale ebona icala elilungileyo.

Ukusondela, ulwimi lwemihla ngemihla kunye nokwamkelwa koluntu

Kuwo wonke lo mbongo, uGoytisolo uthetha ngelizwi lamava akhe, ngolwimi lwemihla ngemihla kwaye akukho nto ingena kude. Eli nqaku liyinxalenye yokugqitha kokubhaliweyo.

Into enobuntu kwaye encomekayo kukuba uyavuma ukuba akazi yonke into, kuba usadinga ukongeza amava. Kwaye njengokuba imbongi ingakwaziyo ukungena kwezinye iimfihlakalo kunye nobungqabavu ekusafuneka ukuba aphile, uthi nje:

"Ndixolele, andazi ukuba ndikuxelele kanjani

ayikho enye into, kodwa uyaqonda

Ndisendleleni ”.

Isikhumbuzo esifanelekileyo

Mhlawumbi eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwizigaba ezili-16 zalo mbongo ngamaxesha amathathu apho uGoytisolo emema intombi yakhe ukuba ikhumbule loo mazwi:

Msgstr "khumbula

yeyiphi enye imini endiyibhalileyo

ndicinga ngawe njengokuba ndicinga ngoku ”.

Oku kuba njengemantra yokuwa ubuye umva ukuba kukho into ephuma kulawulo, ifomula yokwenza ukuba ubuqu bunyamezeleke ngakumbi.