Alfonso Mateo-Sagasta. Udliwano-ndlebe nombhali wenoveli yembali

Alfonso Mateo-Sagasta Usuka eMadrid kwiminyaka yoo-60. Waphumelela IJografi kunye neMbali kwiYunivesithi yaseMadrid kwaye wasebenza njenge wezinto zakudala, Umthengisi weencwadi, umhleli kunye nomchweli. Kwaye ngexesha lakhe lokuphumla ubhale. Upapashe iinoveli ezininzi kwaye wabhala ezininzi amanqaku, amabali kunye nezincoko ngembali kunye nendalo. Ngaphaya koko, iyangenelela zocweyo ukufunda nokubhala kwaye anike zifundo ngembali noncwadi. Phakathi kwezihloko zakhe ezaziwa kakhulu zezi amasela e-inki kunye noveli yakhe yamva nje Olona tshaba lwakho lubi. Kule nto udliwano ndlebe Usixelela ngomsebenzi wakhe kwaye ndiyambulela kakhulu ngexesha lakhe kunye nobubele.

Alfonso Mateo-Sagasta - Udliwano-ndlebe

• ACTUALIDAD LITERATURA: Inoveli yakho yamva nje inesihloko Olona tshaba lwakho lubi. Usixelela ntoni kuyo?

U-ALFONSO MATEO-SAGASTA: Su olona tshaba lukhulu Yiyo ukuhlaziya inoveli emfutshane endiyibhale ngesicelo sokufundisa iSpanish ngo-2010 kwaye yayinesihloko esithi Imbongi ethinjiweyo. Ndilithande kakhulu ibali kwaye, ndakuba ndifumene amalungelo, ndaye ndagqiba ekubeni ndilinike elinye ithuba, ndazisa isigama esichane ngakumbi, izahluko ezingakumbi zokujikeleza ibali, kunye nethamo elithile lokuphoxa. Olo tshintsho, kwanento yokuba isasazeke kuphela kwiimarike zokufundiswa kweelwimi, yandikhuthaza ukuba nditshintshe isihloko ngokungathi ngumsebenzi omtsha, noko le ndlela ndiyibona ngayo. Nangona eyona nto inika le ncwadi imeko yayo imizekeliso emangalisayo nguMaría Espejo, imizobo ye-silhouette, okanye emthunzini, ebamba ngokumangalisayo umoya kunye nomoya welo xesha.

Umxholo uthi Cervantine, kwaye inokuchazwa njenge I-prequel kwinoveli yam amasela e-inki, kuqala kwi series by Isidoro Montemayor (abanye ba Ikhabhinethi yezimanga y Ubukumkani babantu ngaphandle kothando). Imalunga ne Ekufikeni kwakhe eMadrid ngowe-1605 kaJerónimo de Pasamonte, ijoni elidala oya edolophini ukuya kufuna umpapashi ukuze afumane iinkumbulo zakhe kwaye osaphila umamela isahluko se Quixote, incwadi entsha yefashoni, apho kuthethwa ngaye ngendlela ethob’ isidima. Ukusuka apho, yabo ama-adventures kunye namashwa Basebenza njengesikhokelo sokuntywila kwi EMadrid eOstriya, ubukhulu bayo kunye neentsizi zayo, kunye nehlabathi elihlala limangalisa uncwadi lweGolden Age kunye neemfihlelo zayo.     

• AL: Ngaba uyazikhumbula naziphi na izifundo zakho zokuqala? Kwaye ibali lokuqala olibhalileyo?

AMS: Ndisengumntwana ndandizithanda kakhulu iincwadi Salgari. Umlinganiswa endandimthanda kakhulu yayingu Yanez de Gomera, iqabane lesiPhuthukezi kunye nomhlobo we ISandokan, kodwa ndibambe ngovakalelo olukhethekileyo ufundo lwam lokuqala lwePC Wren trilogy: UBeau Geste, uBeau Sabreur kunye noBeau ufanelekile. Okumangalisayo kukuba, ndicinga ukuba ezo noveli zandivuselela umdla wam Ihlabathi lama-Arab, kungoko ndifunde iMbali yaMaXesha Aphakathi emva koko inoveli yam yokuqala yenzeka ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, kwindawo ephakamileyo yecaliphate boom kuSingasiqithi weIberia. Isihloko sakho si ivumba leziqholo.

• AL: Umbhali oyintloko? Unokukhetha ngaphezu kweyodwa nakwezinye iindawo.

AMS: Andinaye umbhali ophambili, kwaye ndiyabancoma abaninzi kangangokuba bekungayi kuba lilize ukuzama ukubabhala. Nangona kuyinyani ukuba ingawenzi Yeyona ndiyifunde kakhulu nendisebenze kuyo kakhulu.

• AL: Nguwuphi umlinganiswa osencwadini onqwenela ukudibana naye kunye nokwenza? 

I-AMS: Antonio José Bolívar Proaño, umlinganiswa ophambili we Indoda endala efunda iinoveli zothando, nguLuis Sepúlveda.

• AL: Ngaba unayo nayiphi na imikhwa okanye imikhwa xa kufikwa ekubhaleni nasekufundeni? 

AMS: Hayi, inyani yile andina izinto zokuzonwabisa ngaphaya kokuba nekhompyutha, iphepha kunye nosiba. Ndifunda naphi na, kwaye ndikhetha ukubhala iofisi yam, nangona ndikwalungisa naphi na kamva. 

• AL: Kwaye indawo oyikhethileyo kunye nexesha lokwenza oko? 

AMS: Ndinyanzelisa uhlobo iiyure zomsebenzi, kusasa nasemva kwemini, phakathi kokubhala nokufunda. Ngamanye amaxesha izinto zihamba ngcono kusasa, kodwa kungekhona rhoqo.

I-Panorama kunye neziganeko zangoku

• AL: Ulima kakhulu iinoveli zembali. Ngaba zikho ezinye iindidi ozithandayo? 

AMS: Ndiyathanda ukucinga njalo Ndizama ukwenza uncwadi ngokubanzi, nangona kuyinyaniso ukuba amabali am amaninzi ayenzeka ngamanye amaxesha. Ukuba nemekobume engaqhelekanga, kwaye xa ndisithi ingaqhelekanga ndithetha ngokwahlukileyo kuleyo yaziyo umfundi, sisixhobo esihle sokuhlakulela intsomi, kodwa umoya wenoveli ungabalinganiswa, hayi kwisakhelo apho iziganeko zayo zikhula khona. . Nangeyiphi ndlela, Ndiyathanda ukuhluka.

Enyanisweni, ndipapashe inoveli ngo intsomi yesayensi (Ubuso bengwe), un assayo ukusuka kwindalo (Ukujongana nookrebe noKarlos Simón) Kunye a  ibali ngumntwana (sisi) ngemizekeliso kaEmilia Fernández de Navarrete, ngaphandle, kunjalo, ukusuka Unyango kwi-ontology yembali, njengoko Inkcaso, kunye nesincoko esibalisayo, Isizwe. Kokugqibela ndichaza kwimiboniso yokuwa koBukhosi bamaKatolika ukususela ngowe-1808 kunye nokuzalwa kweSpeyin ngowe-1837. Kum, iMbali, enobumba omkhulu, luhlobo olukhethekileyo loncwadi.  

• AL: Ufunda ntoni ngoku? Ukubhala?

AMS: Ndikhona ukuphonononga uhlelo lwaseMelika lwe Isizwe, ehlelwe yiFondo de cultura Económica, endiyinike ngo-Okthobha eMexico (eyaseSpanish ivela kuBukumkani baseCordelia). Ngokuphathelele ukufunda, ndifunde incwadi enomdla kakhulu Anselmo Suarez kunye Romero enesihloko UFrancisco, ubuchule okanye ubumnandi basemaphandleni, inoveli eyothusayo malunga nobukhoboka eCuba eyabhalwa ngo-1839, endingazange ndiyive xa ndibhala igqabi elibi.  

• AL: Ucinga ukuba indawo yopapasho injani ngokubanzi?

I-AMS: Ndicinga ukuba kulungile, xa sijonga yonke into epapashwayo, kulihlazo ukuba kungabikho bafundi beencwadi ezingaka. Yintoni engalunganga, kwaye ihlala ikhona, ngumgaqo-nkqubo wokukhuthaza ukufunda, kunye nenkcubeko kunye nemfundo ngokubanzi. Ngelishwa eSpain kuncinci kakhulu ukufunda.

• AL: Uwuphethe njani lo mzuzu siphila kuwo?

AMS: Ukuba uthetha kwezopolitiko, kude kube ngoku umdla kunye nomdla; ngokwentlalo, kunye esperanza; ngokobuqu, kunye ukuthula kunye noncwadi, kunye inkohliso. Ngapha koko, siza kubona.