UNada, nguCarmen Laforet

Nada yinoveli ngumbhali odumileyo waseSpain uCarmen Laforet, owongwa ngeBhaso likaNadal ngo-1945 (kwakuloo nyaka wapapashwa). Umlingisi ophambili kwesi siqwenga nguAndrea, umfundi waseyunivesithi osandula ukufika endlwini yezihlobo e-Barcelona. Apho, umlinganiswa ophambili uzimisele ukugqibezela uqeqesho lwezifundo zakhe aze aye kwinkululeko yakhe.

Kodwa yimeko-bume egcwele ubunzima ngexesha likaFranco lasemva kwemfazwe. Ngesi sizathu, ezinye zezalamane zakhe ezazisisityebi zibonisa iingxaki ezinzulu zengqondo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukuhlala kunye kuyaphikisana. Ekugqibeleni, intombazana inethuba lokoyisa yonke le migibe ngenxa yenkxaso yoogxa bayo ekholejini.

Malunga nombhali

Ubuntwana kunye nolutsha

UCarmen Laforet Díaz wazalwa ngoSeptemba 6, 1921 e-Barcelona, ​​eCatalonia, eSpain. Wayengowamazibulo emtshatweni phakathi komyili weCatalan kunye notitshala waseToledo. Ngo-1924, usapho lwakhe lwafudukela eGran Canaria ngenxa yemicimbi yomsebenzi kayise (Wayengumqeqeshi weengcali zoshishino).

Abantakwabo abancinci u-Eduardo noJuan bazalelwa apho, awayegcina ubudlelwane obuhle kubo bonke ubomi bakhe. Wabuyela e-Barcelona xa wayeneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kufunda ifilosofi kunye noLwazi, okokuqala, kunye nomthetho kamva. Nangona kunjalo, akukho namnye kwezi ntlanga zimbini wagqityiweyo.

Umsebenzi obalaseleyo wokubhala

Emva kweminyaka engama-21, uCarmen oselula wafudukela eMadrid. Ngelixa wayedibene nomgxeki wezoncwadi uManuel Cerezales, owamkhuthaza ukuba abhale. Ngalo ndlela, ILaforet yapapasha inoveli yayo yokuqala ngo-1945, Nada, wanconywa ngokunzulu kwaye wawongwa ngeBhaso likaNadal. Kwelinye icala, ngoCerezales wayetshatile phakathi kowe-1946 nowe-1970, esi sibini sasinabantwana abahlanu.

Ngomnyaka we-1948 wafumana ukwahlula iRoyal Academy, kokubili ukuqala kwakhe kunye nomlandeli wakhe, Ibhaso leFastenrath. Ngapha koko, kule minyaka ingamashumi amathathu izayo yomsebenzi wakhe wokubhala waqokelela amabhaso kunye nembeko. Eziqhubekile emva kokubhubha kwakhe, ezenzeka nge-28 kaFebruwari 2004, eMajadahonda (uLuntu lwaseMadrid), ngenxa ye-Alzheimer's.

Amabhaso

Ngaphandle kwezo zikhankanyiweyo Nada y Ibhaso leFastenrath, Umbhali waseCatalan uphumelele ibhaso lenoveli iMenorca kunye neBhaso leSizwe loNcwadi Umfazi omtsha (1955). Ukongeza, iLaforet yenze ingqokelela enkulu yeenoveli kunye namabali amafutshane. Wayeka ukubhala kuphela xa wayeqala ukuba neengxaki zememori ngenxa yemeko awayekuyo, awaye warhoxa kuyo kuluntu.

Ezinye izihloko ezibalaseleyo kwikhondo lomsebenzi wokubhala kaCarmen Laforet

• ­­Isiqithi kunye needemon (1950). Inoveli.
• Ukunyanzeliswa (1963). Ufakelo lokuqala lwe-trilogy Amanyathelo amathathu ngaphandle kwexeshalandelwa Nje kwasekoneni (2004) kunye Umnxibelelanisi (ayipapashwa).
• Ileta eya kuDon Juan (2007). Ukudityaniswa kwawo onke amabali akhe amafutshane.
• URomeo noJuliet II (2008). Ukudityaniswa kwayo yonke imibhalo yakhe yothando.

Uhlalutyo Nada

Ungayithenga inoveli apha: Nada

Imvelaphi kunye nemeko

Umama kaCarmen Laforet wasweleka kwiminyaka embalwa emva kokuzala oonyana bakhe ababini. Emva kwexesha, utata wombhali watshata umfazi owakhokelela kwinkathazo yokwenyani kulomfazi mncinci waseCatalan. Ngesi sizathu, uninzi lwabalinganiswa abaphambili bombhali weBarcelona ziinkedama (no-Andrea).

Ngokucacileyo, iMfazwe yamakhaya kunye nengcinezelo kaFranco ikwabonakaliswa kuphuhliso lwalo msebenzi. Kwangokunjalo, le ncwadi ichaza ukungqubana kweengcinga zolutsha xa zijamelene nokonakala kwendalo. Ngapha koko - njengakwezinye izicatshulwa zika ILaforet-umbhali ubonakalisa umbono wakhe wobufazi ukongeza kumbono wakhe wokholo.

Ulwakhiwo kunye nesishwankathelo

Nada Inoveli yahlulahlulwe yangamacandelo amathathu ahluke ngokucacileyo:

Indlela

Igubungela izahluko ezilishumi zokuqala. Ixelela ngokufika kuka-Andrea e-Barcelona ukuqala izifundo zakhe eziphakamileyo. Ngokudibeneyo, isitalato kunye nendlu yosapho lwakhe zichaziwe (zigcwele ubunewunewu obudlulileyo, okwangoku yindawo edakumbisayo). Kananjalo nobuntu babalinganiswa abanomsindo abahlala apho; iingxoxo (ezinye ziyingozi kakhulu) kunye namaqhinga sisonka semihla ngemihla.

Kuphela ngumalume wakhe ongqongqo uRomán (ivayolin) obonakala ngathi akanamdla kwimicimbi yabanye abantu. Kancinci kancinci, u-Andrea uziva isidingo sokuzahlula kubo bonke ubuhlanya bendawo ahlala kuyo. Ke ngoko uchitha ixesha elininzi eyunivesithi, apho azenzela abahlobo abatsha, phakathi kwabo, unxibelelana ngakumbi no-Ena kunye neePons. Eli candelo liphela ngokutshintshelwa kuka-Aunt Angustias kwikhaya loonongendi.

Imiqobo

Isuka kwisahluko se-11 ukuya kwese-18, apho iingxaki ziya zisiba mandundu. Iingxoxo kwikhaya losapho ziba zihlazo ngakumbi kwaye zinobundlobongela, ebangela ukungalali ebusuku kuAndrea. Ukongeza, wagqiba kwelokuba ahlawule kuphela isonka sakusasa ukuze alawule kakuhle imali yakhe. Kodwa oku kuthetha ukulamba amaxesha ngamaxesha.

UAndrea, xa engekho eklasini, uchitha ixesha elininzi kangangoko anokufunda kwithala leencwadi. Ngelixesha uyalandisa iqela labahlobo bakhe kwaye ucela u-Ena ukuba angayi endlwini yakhe, nangona kamva umlinganiswa ophambili etshintsha ingqondo. Nangona kunjalo, Ubudlelwane obungaqhelekanga buvela phakathi kuka-Ena kunye noMalume Román, ngaxeshanye ukuqala kobudlelwane bakaPons no-Andrea (Nangona olu lwalamano alunakukhula ixesha elide).

Isigqibo

Ibandakanya ukusuka kwisahluko 19 ukuya esiphelweni (25). UAndrea uqala ukunxibelelana nonina ka-Ena, owayenexesha elidlulileyo kunye noRomán. Kwinqanaba elibalulekileyo lembali, U-Ena utyhila ku-Andrea injongo yakhe yokwenyani: ukuhlazisa iRoma ngokuziphindezela ngokushiya umama. Ekugqibeleni, u-Ena uya kuhlala eMadrid kwaye uRoma uzibulala ngencakuba.

Ukuya esiphelweni, umakazi uGloria (owayephethwe gadalala ngumyeni wakhe, uJuan) utyelelwa ngoodade wabo. Ngapha koko, abo bafazi noJuan bagqibela ngokutyhola uGloria osweleyo ngokuba ngunobangela wobunzima endlwini, kubandakanya nokusweleka kwamaRoma. Inoveli ivala ngo-Andrea esithi ndlela-ntle kuzo zonke izihlobo zakhe. Uya eMadrid, emenywe ngumhlobo wakhe u-Ena kunye nesithembiso somsebenzi.

Izihloko

UCarmen Laforet ubonakalisa e Nada iimbono ezahlukeneyo malunga nokungalingani kwezentlalo ngobudlelwane babalinganiswa bayo (Ena, osapho olusisityebi, kunye noAndrea). Impindezelo yenye yezizathu kwimbali, ebhalwe ngu-Ena kunye nokugqitywa ngokufa komRoma. Akukho kunqongophala kokuphoxeka kothando kunye namacebo enkohliso.

kunjalo, eyona nto yothusayo Nada Sisikhalazo esicacileyo sokuphathwa gadalala kwasekhaya nguGloria. Ewe-njengoko kusenzeka kwiimeko ezininzi zokwenyani-ubhengeza ubunzima obufunekayo bamanye amalungu osapho, kuba uJuan ujonga izizathu zokumhlasela ngenxa yeengxaki zakhe.