UIvan Krylov. Umzobo nguKarl Briulov (1839) -Igalari yaseTetryakov. EMoscow
Ndifumanise u-Ivan Krylov ngengozi kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, kumaxwebhu am afundwayo Kwinoveli awayeyibhala isetiwe eSoviet Union ekupheleni kweMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi. Ndifunde yonke into emva koko: iprozi, isihobe kunye namabali, kuba naluphi na uhlobo lombhalo ngababhali baseRussia luye lwandithathela ingqalelo, okanye ndicinga ukuba lunokuba luncedo okomzuzwana othile. Ndaboleka igama lokugqibela likaKrylov kuba ndandilithanda komnye wabalinganiswa bam. Wazalelwa eMoscow ngosuku olufana nolwanamhlanje de 1768 kwaye ithathwa njenge oyena mntu ubalaseleyo kunye nodumileyo waseRussia. Ke ndiyizisa apha yazise kwabo bangaziyo kwaye bafunde Iintsomi zakhe.
UIvan Andreyevich Krylov
UIvan Andréyevich Krylov wayenjalo unyana womkhosi, owasweleka eneminyaka eyi-10. Kunye nomama wakhe wafudukela eSt, ukucela ipenshini kurhulumente. UKrylov ufumene Ndisebenza enkundleni, kodwa wayishiya kwangoko uzinikele ngokupheleleyo kumsebenzi wakhe wokubhala. Inye umdlalo ohlekisayo Into awayibhalayo eneminyaka eli-14 yayiyimpapasho yakhe yokuqala, neyathi yaphumelela ibhaso awayeyityala kwimisebenzi yababhali baseFrance, eyayithandeka kakhulu ngelo xesha. Ke, ekuqaleni, waziwa njengombhali onomdla kunye noluntu ngemisebenzi efana Iposi yemimoya, Umbukeli y Imekyuri Saint Petersburg.
Ekuqaleni kwe- XIX kwinkulungwane uthumele i- ingqokelela yokuqala yeentsomi ezingama-23 kwaye yaphumelela kakhulu. Ke iyaqhubeka ukupapasha imiqulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-8) ebisetyenziselwa ukwandisa ukuthandwa kwayo kwaye ithathelwe ingqalelo kude kube ngoku ingumbhali we-fabulist woncwadi lwaseRussia. Kunjalo, imithombo yolwazi ngenxa yeentsomi zabo basela kukhuthazo lweeklasikhi ezinje I-Aesop okanye iLa Fontaine, kodwa kunye Iimpawu zomlinganiswa waseRussia. Kwaye babelana nge injongo kunye nomzekelo wokuzimisela yohlobo, ukongeza ekuboniseni ububi babantu kunye nokuqaqambisa ngakumbi ukungakwazi ukusebenza, ukukhukhumala nobuyatha kuluntu lwexesha.
Isimbo sakhe sibonakaliswa kukusetyenziswa kwenkululeko yolwimi, Okuthetha ubunyani ngakumbi kwaye kuyisondeza ebantwini, yiyo loo nto impumelelo yayo. Umzekelo, yenza ukuba izilwanyana zicinge kwaye zithethe njengabantu baseRussia bokwenene hayi njengezidalwa ezingabonakaliyo. Oko, masithi, ukusondela kuye kumbeke kwiziphambuka zabagxeki abanenkcubeko, abathi babonisa kwaye bakudelela ukusebenzisa kwakhe ulwimi ngokukhululekileyo. Kodwa bekukho nababhali abancinci kamva
Alexander pushkin, oyena mntu ubalaseleyo ekuboniseni uthando kwezothando, owayeyithatha njenge «
Imbongi yokwenene yaseRussia». UKrylov wasweleka eSaint Peterburg ngo-1844.
Iintsomi ezimbini
Ingcongconi kunye nomalusi
Umalusi wayelele emthunzini, ethembele ezinjeni zakhe,
yathi inyoka yakukubona oko, yaphuma ematyholweni
urhubuluze weza kuye nolwimi luhleli kakuhle.
Kwaye umfundisi akasayi kuphinda abe ngoweli hlabathi
kodwa ingcongconi yakhe yenceba,
kwaye ngamandla lihlaba umntu oleleyo.
Vusa umalusi ubulale inyoka;
kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ingcongconi ifikelele phakathi kwamaphupha
akwasala nanye into yeli hlwempu.
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Zingaphi iimeko ezinjalo ezikhoyo:
Kuba kwabona banamandla kunaye ababuthathaka, sishukunyiswa kokulungileyo;
Zama ukubonisa abomeleleyo kwabomeleleyo,
Uya kubona ukuba kuyafana nengcongconi
kuya kwenzeka kuye.
***
Inkumba, ikatfish kunye nononkala
Xa kungekho sivumelwano phakathi kwamaqabane
Ishishini lakho alizukuhamba kakuhle,
kwaye ngaphambi kokuba ukubandezeleka kuphume apho.
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Idada, ikatfish kunye nononkala
ukutsala imoto bafumana
kwaye abathathu badibana naye;
Bayabulaleka kwaye bayazibhokoxa, kodwa imoto ayihambi!
Umthwalo kubo ngekhe ubenzima:
kodwa kukuba inkuku itsala iye emafini,
Unonkala emva, kunye nekatfish emanzini.
Ngubani kubo onetyala, ngubani ongekhoyo, ayikokwethu ukugweba.
Imoto kuphela esekho.