Isaga sabadala.
Isaga sabadala luthotho olunempawu zembali ezipapashwe ngezavenge ezibini: usapho oludala (2012) kunye Oonyana baka-Adam (2014). Isihloko sokuqala siphawule isicatshulwa esiphumelele kakhulu sombhali wenoveli waseSpain uEva García Sáenz, ochazwe ngabagxeki abakhethekileyo njengesiqhelo esikhulu sokupapasha esaqala kwimidiya yedijithali.
I-saga iqala ngokwaziswa komlinganiswa ophambili, u-Iago del Castillo oneminyaka engama-10.300 XNUMX. Uqala nge-co-star (Adriana Alameda) uphando oluntsonkothileyo olusombulula isisombululo semfuza yolutsha lukanaphakade lwexesha elide. Icandelo lesibini libonisa uguquko olunzulu lwabalinganiswa embindini womdyarho ngokuchasene nexesha elishiya umsantsa omncinci kwisithuba sesithathu. Ngamafutshane, incwadi yokufunda ngaphambi kokuba usweleke.
Malunga nombhali
U-Eva García Sáenz wazalwa kwi-1972 eVitoria, e-valava. Unesidanga se-optics kunye ne-optometry, ephumelele kwiDyunivesithi yaseAlicante, umsebenzi awayewenza ngaphambi kokuba azinikele ngokupheleleyo kuncwadi. Ushicilelo loqobo lwe Isaga yobomi obude: usapho oludala (2012) yaveliswa ngewebhu yewebhu i-Amazon.com, emva kokungafumani abavakalisi abanomdla emsebenzini wakhe.
Ukusukela ngoko ukuya phambili, uGarcía Sáenz uthathe ithuba lokwamkelwa kakuhle kwencwadi yakhe yokuqala ukukhuthaza ukukhutshwa kwakhe okulandelayo: Oonyana baka-Adam y Indlela eya eTahiti, zombini ukusukela ngo-2014. Ngexesha le-2016 isavenge sokuqala sokudunyiswa kwakhe IsiXeko sase-White Trilogy, Ukuthula komzi omhlophe, yaqhubeka nge Izithethe zamanzi (2017) kunye Izikhulu zexesha (2018).
Ungumbhali okwaziyo ukwenza isimbo sakhe inoveli emnyama, apho ahlola khona imida phakathi kwezinto ezinokwenzeka kunye neentsomi ngendlela eyonwabisayo. Ukongeza, uGarcía Sáenz ubonakalise amandla amakhulu ophando kunye nokulungiselela ngexesha lokucacisa ingxelo yakhe nganye, ngenxa yesi sizathu, ukwazile ukuzintywilisela kwihlabathi lezinto zakudala okanye kwimibhalo yamapolisa ngendlela ethembekileyo neqinisekileyo.
UEva García Sáenz.
Isiza, uhlalutyo kunye nabalinganiswa be-saga yobomi obude: usapho oludala
Utshintsho kulutsha lwanaphakade
Le ncwadi iqwalasela ubukho bosapho lwabantu olungagqithanga kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu enkosi ngenxa yemfuza engaziwayo. Aba asingobantu basentsomini okanye izinto ezingafiyo. Ngokwenyani, imvelaphi yale meko ililifa. Nangona kunjalo, kutheni kusasazwe amaxesha ambalwa kangaka embalini kuhlala kufihliwe.
Iago del Castillo kunye nokukhangela iimpendulo
Ke U-Iago del Castillo uthatha isigqibo sokufumana iimpendulo, eqhutywa ngabantakwabo Jaime del Castillo kunye noKyra del Castillo. Uzalelwe kunxweme lwaseCantabrian iminyaka eyi-10.300 eyadlulayo, u-Iago (igama lakhe ngu-Urko) yindoda ekhangeleka ikhulile ethanda ulwazi, umqokeleli okhutheleyo wezidanga zekholeji, kunye nengxaki yokusombulula ingxaki.
Usebenza njengomququzeleli wezobugcisa kwiMyuziyam yeArchaeology yaseCantabria (MAC). Emva kokubhubha konyana wakhe uGunnarr kwi-Battle of Kinsale (eIreland, ngo-1602), u-Urko wadlula kwixesha lotywala. Wayenobunzima bokubuyela kwimeko yesiyobisi. Ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha seziganeko kwinoveli zibaliswa nguye ngumntu wokuqala, kumgca webali elenzeka ngeli xesha langoku.
Nangona kunjalo, kumaxesha ngamaxesha imibono yamaxesha amandulo (ama-Prehistory okanye amaScythian amaxesha, umzekelo) aboniswa ngeenkumbulo zabalinganiswa ukuze babalise ngeziganeko zexesha elidlulileyo. Ukwengeza, U-Iago wabelana ngendima ye-protagonist nabantakwabo kunye no-Dana. Ngoku, nguye onobunzima obuncinci ngenxa yendima yakhe yobunkokeli kusapho oludala.
UJaime del Castillo
UJaime del Castillo, ogama lakhe lokwenyani nguNagorno (owazalelwa eUkraine, iminyaka: 2.700), ungumxhasi we-MAC. Akazange akhululeke kwisikhundla somkhuluwa wakhe kusapho oludala. Ugcina ubutyebi bakhe ubulela kwimpumelelo yeenkampani zakhe. Umlingiswa wakhe ophikisanayo kunye no-elitist uyinto efanelekileyo yokuncedisa kwisimo sakhe somfazi onqabileyo odelela iintsapho ezifutshane.
UKyra del Castillo
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, U-Kyra del Castillo (uLyra) ngumphathi weLebhu yeLebhu ye-MAC. Kuyo yonke iminyaka ephantse ibe ngama-2.500 XNUMX, ilahlekelwe ngabantwana abaninzi, ngenxa yoko, ukuchonga uhlobo lobomi obude kuyeyona nto iphambili kubukho bayo ukuze ingaphindi iphinde ibekho. Ngendlela ezolileyo negciniweyo, uyakrokra kakhulu abo bamngqongileyo, ngaphandle kweUrko.
dana
Ekuphuhlisweni kwesiqwenga, ukubonakala kuka-Adriana "Dana" Alameda Almerana kuthathe isigqibo. Ufundisiwe eSantander oyingcali kwi-Prehistory, kwaye usebenza njengentloko yolondolozo kwisebe lokuqala le-MAC. Ungumfazi oselula ozelwe ngo-1980, owahlulahlulwa ngenxa yengqongqo yakhe kunye nekharityhulamu yakhe enomdla ebandakanya umsebenzi kweyona dipozithi ibalulekileyo eYurophu.
Iinjongo zikaDana zobuqu kukucacisa oonobangela bokuzibulala kukanina okwenzeka xa wayesemncinci. Nangona ekuqaleni kungqubana ngqo nobuntu buka-Iago, kubakho umtsalane omkhulu phakathi kwaba babini abazama ukugqagqana ixesha elithile ... ade anikezele kwaye aqale ubudlelwane bothando.
Lür, "usolusapho"
ULür, "usolusapho" (Héctor del Castillo) yinzalelwane yaseCueva del Castillo, apho wazalelwa khona phantse kwiminyaka engama-28.000 eyadlulayo. Unokuqwalaselwa "njengomntu woluntu." Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukugcina ubunye bentsapho yakudala ngandlela zonke. Ngohlobo oluhle noluzolileyo, ungumfundi onomdla kwaye uyakuthanda ukuloba. Abathathu kuphela kumawakawaka abantwana bakhe abazuze ilifa kulutsha lukanaphakade, unobangela wezenzululwazi? Ewe, akukho namnye oye wawucacisa ... kude kube ngoku.
Iinkcukacha ezibonakala kwinkcazo yexesha elidlulileyo zibonisa amaxwebhu agqwesileyo awenziwe ngaphambili nguEva García Sáenz. Uhlengahlengiso lukwasebenza ukucacisa oonobangela beengxabano zosapho. Bongeza isingqisho esimnandi nesinamanzi kakhulu kumaphepha angaphezu kwama-700 e Isaga yobomi obude: usapho oludala.
Uhlalutyo kunye ne-synopsis yaBantwana baka-Adam
Njengakwincwadi yokuqala yolu ngcelele, UGarcía Sáenz akashiyi imikhombandlela engaqhelekanga okanye ongeze oonobumba bokugcwalisa. Yonke ingcaciso yolwazi ifanelekile, iinkcukacha zihlengahlengiswa ngokuchaneka kwemilimitha. Ukongeza, umbhali akakhange abaphoxe abalandeli bakhe nangona bekulindelwe kakhulu ukusukela oko Usapho oludala. Ekuqaleni, ibali liya lisiba namandla, ngaphandle kwemeko entle phakathi kuka-Adriana no-Iago, abacinga ngekamva kunye.
Kwinxalenye yokuqala, abalinganiswa abaphambili babonisa indlela engaqhelekanga kwii-enzymes ezinoxanduva lokwenza i-DNA telomeres (telomerases) yabantwana bakaLür. njengesizathu sokubanjwa kokuguga kwabo. Nangona kunjalo, i-telomerase inhibitor efakwe kwi-Nagorno isebenze kwangoko kunokuba bekulindelwe. Oku kubangela ukuba intliziyo yakhe isebenze njengaleyo yeminyaka eyi-30 ngelixa imbonakalo yakhe iqhubeka ingama-XNUMX.
Ngabantwana baka-Adam.
Okwangoku, uNagorno otyhafileyo ugqiba kwelokuba athimbe uDana njengesicwangciso soxinzelelo ekukhangeleni isisombululo. (Kuyimfuneko ukuba kungabikho ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezingama-21). Ngenxa yoko, inxenye yosapho oludala iyahlangana kwakhona. Oku kubandakanya ukubonakala kokumangalisa komlinganiswa ekucingelwa ukuba ufile kwincwadi yokuqala.
Xa kuthelekiswa, en Oonyana baka-Adam iinkcukacha ze ngamabona-ndenzile Ukusukela kwixesha elidlulileyo bebengatyebanga kangako okanye bengazinzanga -Kusuka kwimbono yesayensi- njengalezo zezavenge zokuqala. Kodwa, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, kufezekisiwe ngebali eligcina ngokulula umfundi. Oko kukuthi, ayiphulukani nenqanaba lomgangatho. Ukufika okumangazayo kunye nenani lemincili Isaga yobomi obude: usapho oludala.
Ngaba kuya kubakho isavenge sesithathu seSaga yoBomi obude?
Mhlawumbi owona mbuzo ungasombululwanga kubafundi kuthotho lonke luthelekiso lwenkuku kunye nengxaki yeqanda.: ukuba ukuhambisa uhlobo oluchasene nokwaluphala kufuneka uphile ixesha elide, yaqala njani eyokuqala? Abalandeli abathembekileyo bakaGarcía Sáenz banethemba lokuba imfihlakalo iya kucaciswa ngokupheleleyo kwisithuba sesithathu.
Kule nkalo, umbhali waseCantabrian uxelele iphephandaba leendaba Isigaba seencwadi: «Ndibhale inoveli yokuzenzelaNangona isihloko se "saga" silahlekisa, ngayo bendithetha ngesaga yosapho. Nokuba kukho ukuhanjiswa okungaphezulu kwexesha elide kuya kuxhomekeka ekubeni kude kangakanani.
Ukuba ndingafumana ixesha elisemgangathweni lokujongana nokubhalwa kwenye inoveli kwakhona -Iyokuqala yandithatha iinyanga ezingama-27 kwaye ndayibhala ebusuku, emva komsebenzi wam e-Yunivesithi kwaye ezinye zezibophelelo ezifuna usapho–, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo kuzakubakho amabali amaninzi avela kubomi obude.
Amashumi amabini anesibhozo amawaka eminyaka eyimbali ahamba indlela ende kwaye abalinganiswa sele bechaziwe kakuhleZininzi kakhulu kwaye zinkulu kangangokuba ziya kusebenza kulo naliphi na ixesha lembali. Ngayiphi na imeko, baya kuhlala beziincwadana zokuzimela; Njengomfundi, andinakukunyamezela ukuchitha iminyaka embalwa ndilinde ukwazi ukuba liphela njani ibali.