UJavier Cercas
Yonke imihla abasebenzisi be-Intanethi babuza malunga "neencwadi zikaJavier Cercas", kwaye iziphumo eziphambili zimalunga Amajoni aseSalamis (2001). Le noveli yeyesine ebhalwe ngumbhali, kwaye inoxanduva lokunyusa umgangatho wobugcisa bakhe. Ngayo yafumana ukwamkelwa kokugxekwa kuncwadi, yafumana izimvo ezigqwesileyo. Kule meko, uMario Vargas Llosa wathi: "yenye yeenoveli ezinkulu zexesha lethu."
Umbhali ubonakalisiwe ngokuphatha ingxelo eyomeleleyo kwiinoveli zakhe apho adibanise ngobuchule imbali kunye neentsomi. Ngaphandle kokubonisa umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala kwi-1987, ukwamkelwa kwawo akufikanga de kwaqala inkulungwane yama-XNUMX.. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngexesha elide emthunzini, umhlobo omkhulu wayekholelwa kuye. Ayikho enye into kwaye ayikho enye into engaphantsi kombhali waseChile uRoberto Bolaño, ogcina ukuba uJavier unetalente kakhulu. Namhlanje ukuphuculwa kombhali waseSpain kuye kwaba bubungqina obunokuthenjwa bokuba uBolaño wayengalunganga.
Olunye ulwazi lwedatha kaJavier Cercas
Ubuntwana kunye nezifundo
Umbhali wazalwa ngoMvulo, nge-16 ka-Epreli 1962 kwidolophana yaseIbahernando kwiphondo laseCáceres (iExtremadura). Wabhaptizwa njengoJosé Javier Cercas Mena. Wahlala iinyanga zokuqala ezingama-48 kwidolophu yakowabo, emva koko iqela lakhe losapho lafudukela eGerona. Ngaphandle kokuhamba umgama, uCercas akazange aphulukane nokunxibelelana nendawo aqala kuyo, kodwa wayindwendwela izihlandlo ezahlukeneyo ngexesha lobutsha bakhe eholideyini.
Ukususela ebutsheni bakhe wabonisa umdla kwezoncwadi, nto leyo eyamkhokelela ekubeni afunde nge-Hispanic Philology kwi-Autonomous University yase-Barcelona.. Emva kokufumana isidanga sakhe ngo-1985, wakhetha ukwenza ubugqirha kwisebe elinye kwiYunivesithi yaseBarcelona, awayifumana kwiminyaka kamva.
Umsebenzi woncwadi kunye neziqalo
Ngo-1989 waqala ukuba ngumfundisi-ntsapho kwiYunivesithi yaseGerona, efundisa izifundo zeSpanish. Ngelo xesha, umbhali wayezise imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala emibini, Iselfowuni (1987) kunye Umqeshi (1989). Ukongeza emsebenzini wakhe njengomhlohli kunye nombhali, uJavier Cercas ubhale amanqaku kunye nokuphononongwa kwamaphephandaba ahlukeneyo. Ukusukela ngoko kude kube ngoku, uye wenza igalelo kumaphepha-ndaba aseCatalan, nakwimibhalo ethile epapashwa kwiphephandaba. El País.
Emva kwempumelelo yenoveli yakhe yesine, Amajoni aseSalamis (2001), umbhali upapashe izihloko ezongezelelweyo ezi-6. Oku kubandakanya: Isantya sokukhanya (2005) Imithetho yomda (2012) Umkhohlisi (2014) y Terra Alta (2019). Ngabo ugcine igama elihle kunye nodumo phambi kwabafundi bakhe, kunye nokwamkelwa koonjingalwazi abohlukeneyo. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngo-2021 uzakuveza inombolo yakhe ye-11, eza kuthiywa ngegama: Ukuzimela.
Iincwadi zikaJavier Cercas
Amajoni aseSalamis (2001)
Yincwadi yenoveli yesi-4 epapashwe ngumbhali, eyamnika imbasa ukwamkelwa eSpain nakwihlabathi, iguqulelwa kwiilwimi ezingaphezu kwama-20. Kwiminyaka yakhe yokuqala wakwazi ukuthengisa iikopi ngaphezulu kwesigidi, evumela umlobi wenoveli ukuba azinikele ngokubhala kuphela. Ukongeza, umsebenzi wahlengahlengiswa nguDavid Trueba kwifilimu kwaye waboniswa okokuqala ngo-2003.
Isiqendu
Amajoni aseSalamis yinoveli yobungqina apho imbali inxibelelana neentsomi. Isethwe kwiinyanga zokugqibela zemfazwe yamakhaya yaseSpain (1939) kwaye iveza uFalangist uRafael Sánchez Mazas njengomlingisi ophambili. Umdlalo uxela indlela amanye amajoni aseRiphabhlikhi awayeye emngceleni ekhangela ukuthinjwa, adubula amabanjwa aliqela aseFrancoist; USánchez Maza wakwazi ukubaleka kuloo ntshutshiso. Njengokuba ebaleka, ubanjwa lijoni, elimkhombe ngompu, kwaye, emva kokumjonga, lisindisa ubomi bakhe.
Ibali liyaqhubeka kwiminyaka engama-60 kamva, xa umbhali owayekhathazekile -UJavier Cercas-, ngethuba, efunda ibali. Enomdla kwaye enomdla, uqala ukuphanda nzulu kwimeko, ukufumana okungaziwayo okungafaniyo ukusombulula. Abalinganiswa abanjengoRoberto Bolaño bangenelela kwi-adventure, okhuthaza uCercas ukuba akhangele ijoni elibonise inceba kuSánchez Maza. Endleleni yokufumana isizathu "sesenzo senceba", umgca emva komgca utyhila ibali elizele yimvakalelo yokuphambana eya kuba neempendulo ezintle, okanye, mhlawumbi, iimpendulo ezingalindelekanga.
Amanye amabhaso afunyenweyo:
- Imbasa yeSalambó
- Imbasa yeCálamo 2001 (Incwadi yonyaka)
- IsiXeko seBarcelona Award
I-anatomy yomzuzwana (2009)
Le yingxelo echaza ngeziganeko ze-23F — uqhushululu olwalukhathazekile eSpain ngo-1981—. Oku kuthathwa njengencwadi ekhethekileyo nenika umdla. Emva kophando olunzulu olwenziwe nguCercas, wafikelela kwisigqibo sokuba ingxelo ebubuxoki ayinakuyizukisa into eyenzekileyo. Umbhali ugxile ekuboniseni ubalo-maxesha lomsitho kunye nokuveza izizathu ezazikhona ukuze kwenzeke.
Impikiswano
Njengoko igama layo libonisa, umzuzu kwimbali yaseSpain uyakhunjulwa, obaluleke kakhulu owenzeke emva kwemini ye-23F, xa iqela laqhekeza kwiCongress of Deputies. Umbhali wenza isalathiso esikhethekileyo kwisikhundla sikaMongameli Adolfo Suárez, Osehleli esitulweni sakhe ngelixa iiprojekhthi zokubhukuqa zangqineka kwindawo yemidlalo.
Kwangelo xesha, uKapteni Jikelele uGutiérrez Mellado — uSekela Mongameli- kunye noSantiago Carrillo —Nobhala Jikelele- babambe isikhundla esilinganayo nomongameli, bahlala benganyakazi ngelixa amanye amalungu epalamente efuna isiphephelo. Ngaphandle kokukroba kwiinkcukacha, le ngxelo imthabathela ingqalelo yomfundi kumzuzu ochanekileyo wobhukuqo kunye nefuthe layo kwimbali yaseSpain.
Ukumkani wezithunzi (2017)
Le yinoveli yombhali we-9. Kuyo, uCercas waphinda wakhetha ukugcina isimbo sakhe sokubalisa kunye nokusebenzisa iMfazwe yamakhaya yaseSpain njengexesha lokuseta. Ngeli xesha, Umbhali uthathe isigqibo sokubalisa ibali likaManuel Mena- umalume wakhe ongumama-, owayeneminyaka eli-17 ubudala wazibandakanya nezikhundla zikaFranco. Kuyaziwa esidlangalaleni ukuba ookhokho bakaCercas bangamaFalangists, inkolelo yezopolitiko athe yena wahluka kuyo. Ngesi sizathu, ukubhala ngalo mdlalo kwakungumceli mngeni kumbhali kwaye kwangaxeshanye uxolelwaniso nexesha lakhe elidlulileyo.
Impikiswano
UCercas - osebenza njengombalisi kwinoveli- uchaza uManuel Mena, umqondiso ojoyina iqela lomkhosi wohlaselo waseFrancoist. Lo mfana wonzakala ngokufayo kwi-Idabi lase-Ebro, emva kokuchitha iminyaka emibini esilwela isizathu. Ibali elibaliswa ngumbhali ligcwele yimvakalelo, uburharha kunye nokwenza. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umbhali ngokwakhe uwuthatha lo msebenzi njenge: "isiphelo sokwenene sebali lika Amajoni aseSalamis".
