Ewe yamantombazana

Ewe yamantombazana Yeyona nto ibalulekileyo yemidlalo yeqonga ye-neoclassicism yaseSpain. Ke ngoko, imele eyona montage iphumeleleyo kwiibhodi zelo lonke elaseIberia ngenkulungwane ye-24. Esi siqwenga saqala ukubhengezwa ngoJanuwari 1806, 37.000 eMadrid. Lilonke, ubalo luqikelela ukuba khona kwababukeli abangama-XNUMX kwiiveki ezisixhenxe ezingaphazanyiswanga eLa Cruz Theatre.

Kunye nokusebenza okumangalisayo kwibhokisi yeofisi, isihloko saba yinto yokuhlela. Kakhulu kangangokuba unyaka ngaphambi kokuqala kwayo, ubuncinci ii-editions ezimbini zazisele zijikeleza. Kwakhona, ngo-1806 kwashicilelwa iiseti ezininzi ezongezelelweyo. eSpain nakwizizwe ezinjengeFrance ne-Itali. Oku kuvumele iinkampani ezininzi ukuba ziqhubele phambili iindibano zazo. Ngapha koko, yenziwa ngaphandle kokumazisa umbhali.

ULeandro Fernández de Moratín: umphathi

ULeandro Fernández de Moratín Ungomnye wabadlali ababalaseleyo beSpanish kwiinkulungwane ezidlulileyo kunye nenombolo ekubhekiswa kuyo kwiCastilian Enlightenment. Wazalelwa eMadrid ngo-Matshi 10, 1760, kwintsapho ehloniphekileyo evela e-Asturias. Yintoni egqithisile, Uyise wayeyimbongi uNicolás Fernández de Moratín. Oku kumele ukhuthazo olukhulu lokungena kwihlabathi leeleta.

Ngexesha lobuntwana bakhe kunye nokufikisa, Imeko yempilo kaLeandro ebuthathaka yamenza waba neentloni kakhulu kwaye warhoxa. Ngesi sizathu, iincwadi zaba yindawo yakhe yokusabela kunye nefestile yakhe yokwazi umhlaba. Ekugqibeleni, imibhalo yakhe yaba yindlela yokubonisa kunye nokubhiyozela ubukho bakhe kwihlabathi.

Umdlali odlalayo we-neoclassicism yaseSpain

Imbongi ebalaseleyo kunye nombhali wezokuhamba, uFernández de Moratín wafumana eyona ndlela ayithandayo yokubonisa kwimidlalo yeqonga. Umbhali ukhethe umdlalo ohlekisayo, into eyingozi ngelo xesha. Ewe sithetha ngamaxesha asondeleyo ngokulandelelana kunye nokuphela kwe Ubudala beGolide yaseSpain. Ukongeza, ixesha leklasiki lalizalise inqanaba (ikakhulu) iziqwenga zemidlalo.

Uburharha njengesixhobo esibonakalisayo

Enkosi kwimvelaphi yakhe kunye nokuzimisela, umbhali wemidlalo waseMadrid wangena ezantsi kwimbali njengombhali wezona ziqwenga zabameli ezisusela ngasekupheleni kwe-XNUMX nasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX. Ngendlela enye, ubenobuganga bokwenza ithiyori malunga nokubaluleka kokwenza ukuba uluntu lubonakalise ngokuhleka.

Kwelinye icala, uFernández de Moratín wabonisa ukubonwa kwangaphambili kwezenzo ezilula nezemihla ngemihla. Kungenxa yokuba-ngokoluvo lwabo-ngaphaya kokuzonwabisa kunye nokuzonwabisa, bashiya izifundo zokuhlalutya nokufunda. Njengababhali bemidlalo emininzi yamaxesha angaphambi kwexesha, wayiqonda imidlalo yeqonga njengomboniso onomsebenzi wokufundisa kunye nokuziphatha.

Ukulula kwinqanaba

Umdlali odlalayo usebenzise ngokufanelekileyo i-neuralgic theatrical postulates ye-Enlightenment: ukulula kunye nobunye, ngaphezu kwako konke. Apho iisetingi kunye nokudlula kweeyure "zokwenyani" ziyafana, ngaphakathi kwexesha elithile. Ke ngoko, i-ellipsis okanye izikhewu zenzeka ngexesha lotshintsho lwemeko.

Oko kukuthi, zonke iintshukumo zenzeka kwindawo enye. Iingxoxo kunye nezenzo zigqithisa iiseti kunye neziphumo ezizodwa. Pha, abalinganiswa basabela (okanye bafune ukuphendula) kuyilo lwesizathu. Ke ngoko, nayiphi na inkolelo (ehambelana nokungazi umbhali) okanye inkolo iyakhatywa.

Ewe yamantombazana, umsebenzi onempikiswano ngaphambi kwexesha lawo

Ungayithenga le ncwadi apha: Ewe yamantombazana

Zonke iimpawu zesitayile ezichazwe kwimihlathi emibini edlulileyo ziyaqwalaselwa Ewe yamantombazana. Ngokulandelanayo, Inxalenye yamacandelo alondolozayo aseMadrid avakalise ukungonwabi kwizimvo ezichazwe ngabalinganiswa kwesi siqwenga. Nangona, xa yayikhutshwa kwakungekho kumkani eSpain okanye ixesha lokujonga umsebenzi owanelisa abantu.

Uthintelo

Ngo-1815 umkhosi ohlaselayo kaNapoleon woyiswa waza uFerdinand VII waphinda wabuyela etroneni yakhe. Ke, le nkundla yajonga ngamehlo kwimibhalo kaFernández de Moratín. Iziphumo: ukuvalwa komsebenzi ezona ziqwenga zayo zingumfuziselo: Ewe yamantombazana y Ubukrwada. Bobabini, ngaphandle kokuphikisana esidlangalaleni neemfundiso zamaKatolika, bathandabuza amandla osapho ngaphezulu kolutsha.

Uthando lokwenene

Ngokukodwa, Ewe yamantombazana ukuthetha ngokuchasene nomkhwa wokutshata abafazi abancinci kumadoda amakhulu, umdla ogqithileyo woqoqosho. Le ngxaki igxekwa phakathi kwemigca kwaye igxekwa ngenani leemanyano ezingonwabanga kunye nemitshato engasebenzi kakuhle. Kananjalo nokungabikho kwenzala kuba ziinene ngaphandle kokukwazi ukuzala.

Uthando lokwenene, ngokwendlela yokucinga yeentsapho zesintu ezichazwe kwisiqwenga, ayisiyonto ingamampunge. Ngamanye amagama, ubabalo olungenamsebenzi nolungekhe lwenzeke ebuntwaneni kwihlabathi lokwenyani. Ngolwazi olungaphezulu- lwecandelo leecawa-, UFernández de Moratín walatha kwabefundisi njengeqabane lokuziphatha kakuhle kolu hlengahlengiso.

Iploti

UDon Diego yindoda esisityebi eneminyaka engama-59 ubudala ethandane noDoña Francisca, intombi enemithombo eli-17 kuphela. Phakathi kokuvutha komsindo, ucela umama weli bhinqa liselula, uDoña Irene, ukuba amvumele atshate intombi yakhe. Esi siphakamiso sibonakala simnandi kuye ngukhokho, umhlolokazi onemitshato emithathu kwi-tow kunye nama-21 akhulelweyo.

Kuyabonakala, Ngelo xesha imitshato enjalo yayithetha ukuqinisekisa ikamva losapho luphela. Kodwa u-Doña Francisca uthandana nenye indoda: UDon Carlos (umtshana womyeni wakhe). Nangona kunjalo, yena kunye nesithandwa sakhe abaze balinge ukuphikisana neminqweno yabadala. Ngokuhambelana, bayarhoxa ekuqhubekeni nobomi babo bemiselwe ukungonwabi kunye nokubandezeleka.

Ewe yamantombazana: uloyiso lothando kunye nesizathu

Kubhalwe kwiprozi kunye neengxoxo ezifutshane kunye ezichanekileyo-ngaphandle kweembonakalo ezide eziyimfuneko- umsebenzi ushiya isimilo esicace gca. Ibonisa: Xa isizathu sigqithile kumnqweno, ulonwabo luqinisekisiwe kuye wonke umntu obandakanyekayo. Nokuba ngeendlela ezingalindelekanga.

Ngokusekelwe kwesi siqendu, Isiphumo sokugqibela sivumela uloyiso lothando kwisitayile esihle seentsomi "… Kwaye bahlala kamnandi okokoko". Nangona uFernández de Moratín evakalisa ukuba ukuze kufikelelwe kwezi zigqibo "eziqolileyo", kufuneka ucinge ngengqondo hayi ngentliziyo.