Isitalato i-Moratín, eMadrid.
ULeandro Fernández de Moratín wazalwa eMadrid ngomhla onje namhlanje 1760. Ngaphandle kokuba yimbongi, wayengoyena mntu ubalaseleyo eSpain yeqonga neoclassical. Namhlanje ndikhumbula owona mzobo umbongo kunye nomsebenzi ngokukhetha ezinye zakhe iisonethi kunye neepigrams.
ULeandro Fernández de Moratín
Unyana ka UNicolás Fernández de Moratín, wafunda kwi AmaJesuits de Calatayud kwaye wayengumfundi kwiYunivesithi yase Valladolid. en 1779 I-Royal Spanish Academy yanikezela ngokuthandana kwakhe ngobuqhawe kwii-hendecasyllables Ukuthatha iGranada, yaye uMoratín waduma njengembongi.
Wayengumhlobo kaJovellanos kunye no-Godoy's protégé, kwaye waphumelela kweyona mpumelelo yakhe ibalaseleyo kunye neyona inkulu yeqonga. Wazama ukwazisa eSpain ubume be-neoclassical yendawo yaseFrance, oko kukuthi, ukuhlonipha iiyunithi ezintathu zexesha, indawo kunye nesenzo, ukongeza kwinjongo yokuziphatha, kodwa akaphumelelanga ukuyenza ifikelele eluntwini.
Umdlalo wakhe wokuqala ohlekisayo Indoda endala nentombazana kwakungekho siphumo. Nangona kunjalo, kwiminyaka emibini kamva wayeza kuphumelela Ihlaya elitsha okanye ikofu.
Inkqubo ye- zokuhamba awayenzayo Europe Ngo-1792, njengoko yayimmaka kumava akhe obuqu kunye nezobugcisa. Wazibonela ngawakhe amehlo ukuba kwenzeke ntoni na ku Uvukelo lwaseFrance en EParis, nakwifayile ye- EUnited Kingdom wadibana nomsebenzi we Shakespeare, umbhali owayengaziwa eSpain ngelo xesha. Emva koko wayetyelele INetherlands, iJamani, iSwitzerland ne-Itali, apho wabuyela khona. Iguquliwe Hamlet Ngo-1798, eyayiyinguqulelo yokuqala yesiNgesi ngqo yesiNgesi.
Kwaye kunjalo ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX ubhale eyakhe Iikomidi ezilungileyo, apho alulawula ngokugqibeleleyo ulwimi, nalapho agxeka amasiko nohanahaniso lwentlalo lwelo xesha. Sinomzekelo IBaron, Ubukrwada y Ewe yamantombazana, uthathele ingqalelo owona msebenzi wakhe ubalaseleyo.
Emva koko ndiyakhetha Iisoni zakhe ezi-3 kunye nezi-3 zeepigrams zomsebenzi wakhe wemibongo.
Iisonethi
Ndlela-ntle
Ndizalwe ngumama onyanisekileyo: ndixelele izulu
Kulula ukwenza umbulelo, irhafu:
ngqo wayewazi umoya omsulwa
ukulunga, ukulinda kukatata.
Ngokufunda okwaziwayo, ukulangazelela okungapheliyo,
Ndiye ndakwazi ukufumana izithsaba ebunzi:
imeko yomsipha yayijikeleza rhoqo
Ukuqhwaba izandla, kuthabatha igama lam.
Yinyani, inyani: kwabaninzi abakhubekileyo,
Akukho moni, iiMuses ezintle
Umnqweno wam ubunjalo, yazisa isikhokelo sam.
Kodwa ukuba imithetho ibaleka ngoluhlobo,
ukuba kufanelekile kuwe
ityala; usale kakuhle, ilizwe lakowethu elingenambulelo.
Ukusweleka kukaJoaquín Murat
Le ilele esantini enegazi
isidumbu esifihliweyo
Isicaka esimnyama esasikhohlakele sathengisa [ado]
Inkosi yamaKhozi eSeine.
Kuye kuye iMadrid enkulu eyoyikisayo [epheleleyo]
inzondelelo yakhe kunye nesibindi sakhe sambona esohlwaywa
xa ungumphathiswa wabakhohlakeleyo
amaqhina obuhlobo ajika aba lityathanga.
King wabizwa eParthenope, ukuzama kwakhe
bekuxhomekeke kuMpostile ukubhukuqa isitulo
kwaye uphumelele u-Caesars.
Mbone esongeza isifundo kwihlabathi,
ubone indlela isibhakabhaka esithoba ngayo ikratshi lalo
udide imemori yabo neentloni.
KuFlerida, imbongi
Kwanele ngeCupid sele, oko kubuthixo
I-Nymph ye-Turia ehloniphayo ndiyayithanda:
kwaye andilindelanga inkululeko, kwaye andiceli sibonelelo,
kwaye ndinikezela ngovuyo kwinkwenkwezi endigobileyo.
Zeziphi izixhobo ezitsha ozimisele ukuzimisela
ngokuchasene nobomi bam, ukuba ngaba ukuzikhusela andikunaki?
Ewe, ndiyamthanda phakathi kwekwayala ye-castalio
i-Greek ne-Latin pulsar zither.
Sele, uthweswe isithsaba nge-phoebe laurel,
kwiivesi eziphakamileyo zigcwele ubumnandi,
Ndiva ilizwi lakhe, inombolo yakhe entle.
Ngamandla amaninzi amandla indebe
ufumana; ukuba ubuhle bakhe kuphela
kwanele ukunikezela ngentliziyo yam enothando.
Iipigrams
Nanku ulele umfazi wam
Nanku ulele umfazi wam
Olunjani lona ulonwabo kuthi sobabini!
waya kubona uThixo,
noThixo uzokundibona
Umbhali ongonwabanga onencwadi yakhe akukho mntu wayefuna ukuyithenga
Kwipowusta endiyifundileyo,
ukuba umsebenzi wakho ongenamsebenzi
Ithengiswa ngeNalamorcuende ...
Awunyanzelekanga ukuba uthi uyathengisa;
kodwa inayo apho.
Kwibug embi
Uyasibona isidalwa esenyanyekayo,
tyaba, engenaboya, engenamazinyo, isicaba,
gnarly, kwaye emdaka, kwaye iliso elinye, kwaye hunchback?
Ewe, eyona nto imbi kakhulu onayo ngulo mzobo.