Umlilo, sele ndifile
Umlilo, sele ndifile yinoveli yembali ebhalwe yintatheli yaseSpain ephumelele ibhaso kunye nombhali uJulia Navarro. Umsebenzi wapapashwa kwi-2013, yi-label ye-Plaza & Janés yokupapasha. Ukongeza kuhlobo lwayo oluphambili, isihloko sidibanisa intandabuzo, idrama kunye neengxabano ezixhobileyo, ezibangela imeko exineneyo nentsonkothileyo, yomgangatho wababhali abanjengoTolstoy okanye uDostoevsky.
Le noveli nguJulia Navarro inokubamba imicu ebuthathaka yabafundi abaninzi, kuba iqwalasela imiba ephambili kuphuhliso lwembali ezimbini zezona mpawu zenkcubeko yaseMpuma: eyamaYuda nama-Arabhu. Ingxaki ebikho phakathi kwala mazwe mabini kangangeenkulungwane eziliqela iye yavelisa zonke iintlobo zezimvo. Ngale ndlela, uJulia Navarro uphuhlisa ibali elilinganayo.
Isishwankathelo se Umlilo, sele ndifile
Ukusuka eYerusalem ukuya kwiindaba ezinkulu
UMary Miller yintatheli esebenzela umbutho ongekho phantsi kukarhulumente, omcela ukuba abhale ingxelo ngomgaqo-nkqubo wokuhlaliswa kwamaJuda. Kuyo, Bafuna ukuba enze udliwano-ndlebe no-Aaron Zucker, inkokeli yomkhosi enxulumene naloo mthetho kubantu bakwaSirayeli. Ngethamsanqa lo mbhaleli, le ndoda iseMelika, iya kwinkomfa yeYunivesithi yaseColumbia.
Esinye seziseko zengxelo kaMiller kukwenza udliwano-ndlebe namaYuda namaPalestina, ukuze kufumaneke umbono obanzi nongakhethi cala wengxabano phakathi kwabemi bobabini. Ecinga ngaloo nto, ulungiselela ukwenza idinga nomkhosi.
Xa uthetha nombhexeshi, uyayikhankanya loo nto umntu onjengaye — ophila ngokwentando elungileyo yabantu— Awunakulindela nantoni na ngakumbi kwabo udliwano-ndlebe nabo., abakhoyo kwiindawo ezinemfazwe.
Udliwano-ndlebe obengalindelekanga
Intatheli awukwazi ukunxibelelana noAron Zucker, ngoko unyanzelekile ukuba enze udliwano-ndlebe noyise, u-Ezequiel Zucker. Ekuqaleni, uMiller udanile, kuba ucinga ukuba, endaweni yokubuza imibuzo kumzingeli weempungutye ovela kwaSirayeli, uza kuthetha nentaka encinane. Nangona kunjalo, loo ndoda, mhlawumbi, inamava amaninzi kunonyana wayo. Enyanisweni, uyazi ngokunzulu amabali abanye abathi, ngexesha elahlukileyo, bahlala ngqo namaPalestina.
Utshintshiselwano lokuqala lodliwano-ndlebe lunzima, ekubeni uMarian egxeka indoda endala ngendima yamaYuda kwi-diaspora ethe iPalestine yabandezeleka ngenxa yeendawo zokuhlala. Indoda, ngaphandle kokuqhwanyaza, iphendula ukuba le migaqo-nkqubo ayinangqondo, kwaye ukuba, nangayiphi na imeko, yinkcubeko ezama kuphela ukubuyisela ilizwe apho yazalelwa khona.
Amabali zizipho kunye nezifundo
Ibali likaHezekile libonisa uyise, uSamuel Zucker, njenge-protagonist yalo. Ngoko, Ibali layo lisusela kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX. ixesha le-tsarist eRashiya. Ngelo xesha, amaYuda ayengamaxhoba e-pogroms, ukubulawa kwabantu ngokusekelwe kwimigaqo-nkqubo yokucalula kunye ne-anti-Semitic.
Ukutshintshana ngokubalisa amava kayise, UEzequiel ucebisa uMiller a quid pro quo. Oko kukuthi, uya kumnika ulwazi oluthe kratya ukuba uyavuma ukumxelela ngeembono zakhe ezichasayo kungquzulwano.
Ibhinqa, esele linomdla kwintetho enomdla yendoda endala, iyavumelana naye ukudala ukutshintshiselana, apho ngamnye uya kuxela ibali.. Oku kuphindaphindana kunyanzela umlinganiswa oyintloko ukuba amke kwinjongo yakhe yokuqala, ngelixa engakwazi ukuzibamba kodwa abe novelwano kumaYuda nakubantu basePalestina.
Ukuqala kongquzulwano
Njengakuyo nayiphi na imfazwe, kukho iimbono ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu. Ekukhanyeni kwale noveli, konke kwaqala nini, ngenxa yomthetho ombi, AmaYuda kwafuneka abaleke eRashiya nasePoland. Uninzi lwabo lwabalekela eParis, ngenxa yorhwebo lwabo njengabarhwebi. Kancinane kamva, bagqiba kwelokuba balishiye iLizwe Ledinga besuka kwizibuko laseJaffa. Kulapha apho imbali yabo ithi idibane naleyo yamaPalestina.
Ezi zokugqibela, ngenxa yakhe, Babelawulwa buBukhosi baseOttoman, owathi, phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX, woyisa iByzantines waza waliguqula igama leConstantinople laba yiIstanbul. Kwangaxeshanye, bavala iingcango zobuncwane baseMpuma kumazwe aseYurophu, ngokukodwa kwizixeko ezikuSingasiqithi weIberia. Nangona kunjalo, kuninzi ukuzisola kwakhe, emva koko Bamele bacele ookumkani bamaKatolika ukuba bafumane uncedo lokukrola indlela eya eMpuma, ebawelisa uLwandlekazi lweAtlantiki.
Ubuhlobo obunobungozi
USamuel Zucker ufika ePalestina ngexesha IMfazwe Yehlabathi yokuqala. Ngeli xesha, ilizwe laliseyinxalenye yoBukhosi base-Ottoman. Ekubeni indawo ilawulwa ngamaTurkey, ama-Arabhu afana no-Ahmed Zaid afikelela kuphela kulawulo lwamazwe aphantsi kwexabiso, kwaye abafumani kubuyiselwa ngokwaneleyo emsebenzini wabo.
Kule meko, Abanini bomhlaba bacela uncedo olongezelelekileyo kwimizi yabo yokusetyenziswa kwayo. Kodwa baxhalabele ngakumbi ukukholisa iinkosi zaseTurkey, ngoko banquma ukugxotha abalawuli. Ekuqonda oko kwenzekayo, uSamuweli namanye amadoda bayawuthenga umhlaba. Nangona kunjalo, umYuda, ovela kwimvelaphi yentlalontle, ucinga ukuba kufuneka agcine u-Ahmed Zaid njengomlawuli.
Umyezo weThemba
Xa isetiwe, USamuel uthatha isigqibo sokusebenzisa “uMyezo weThemba”, amava obusoshiyali abona bhetele. Kuyo, umYuda uthembisa u-Ahmed ukuba akanakuze amgxothe. Ngaxeshanye, uSamuel uyawaqonda amalungelo abantu basePalestine abanawo ngomhlaba. Olu nyango luluka phakathi kwamadoda ubuhlobo obusenyongweni nobunyanisekileyo, kodwa nothotho lweengxabano zenkcubeko nezenkolo.
Ngokufanayo, Ubudlelwane phakathi kweentsapho zikaSamuel no-Ahmed buchatshazelwa ziingxaki zemvelaphi yezopolitiko eziqala ukuba neempembelelo kumhlaba wasePalestine ngexesha lonke leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi.
Malunga nombhali, uJulia Navarro
UJulia Navarro
UJulia Navarro wazalwa ngowe-1953, eMadrid, eSpeyin. Uyintombi yogxa wakhe intatheli uFelipe Navarro (Yale), ke, kwasebuncinaneni bakhe, wayengqongwe yimeko yeendaba. Umbhali waqala umsebenzi wakhe ngexesha loTshintsho lwaseSpain. Lo mxholo wamvumela ukuba abe namava obuntatheli ngendlela enesiphithiphithi nenika umdla, kwelo nyathelo ligqithileyo elakhokelela kwiPeninsula yase-Iberia ukuba yenze uMgaqo-siseko.
Ukusukela ngaloo minyaka, UJulia Navarro waziwa njengentatheli yezopolitiko. Umbhali usebenze kwiindawo ezininzi zeendaba, ezifana ne-OTR / Europa Press Agency, apho wapapasha amanqaku amaninzi eembono zecandelo le-Escaño Cero. U-Navarro ubonisa ukuba waqala ukubhala iintsomi phantse ngamabona-ndenzile. Ukususela ngoko, akazange akwazi ukuyeka, kwaye waphumelela kangangokuba, ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, amazwi angowona msebenzi wakhe uphambili.
Ezinye iincwadi zikaJulia Navarro
Iincwadi zobuntatheli
- Thina, inguqu (1995);
- Ngowe-1982-1996, phakathi kukaFelipe noAznar (1996);
- Ikhohlo eliza (1998);
- Madam president (1999);
- I-socialism entsha: umbono kaJosé Luis Rodríguez Zapatero / 2001).
Novelas
- Ubuzalwana beNgqobhoko eNgcwele (2004);
- Ibhayibhile yodongwe (2005);
- Igazi labamsulwa (2007);
- Ndixelele ukuba ndingubani (2010);
- Ibali lesikrelemnqa (2016);
- Awuyi kubulala (2018);
- Ukusuka ndawo (2021);
- ibali ekwabelwana ngalo (2023).