Vanyori vasina kuhwina mubairo weNobel weMabhuku

Mugore umo iyo Mubayiro weNobel muMabhuku inomiswa mumakore gumi nerimwe gumi nematanhatu enzira, ongorora nhoroondo yeimwe yeiyo mibairo ine mukurumbira mutsamba zvakaita kuti tinunure izvi zvinotevera vanyori vasina kuhwina mubairo weNobel weMabhuku. Vanyori avo kunyangwe paine hukasha uye budiriro yeruzhinji muhupenyu hwavo hwese vaigara vachikwikwidza semadziva.

Haruki Murakami

Vanyori ivavo vasina kumbohwina Mubayiro weNobel weMabhuku vanozivikanwa sa «machinda akarasika«. Dhizaini iyo iyo yeJapan Haruki Murakami ndiye mumiriri mukuru. Mumiriri wekusingaperi weSweden Academy mubairo uye zita rinowoneka gore rega rega mumadziva, munyori weTokyo Blues naKafka pamahombekombe yakafukidzirwa nevamwe vanyori vekwakabva chiJapan avo vakahwina Nobel senge Kazuo Ishiguro. Pakati pezvikonzero nei Murakami akarambidzwa mubairo uyu, pane dzidziso dzakasiyana siyana, kusanganisira chinzvimbo chevatengesi vepamusoro-soro icho chakaitwa nemabasa ake uye kuti chikoro chidiki chinochifarira sei, kana hunhu hwenhabvu hwakareruka hunoratidzwa nevatsoropodzi vakasiyana mumazuva ake ekutanga kutaura nezvechimiro chake chakareruka. Zvisinei, tinovimba izvozvo munyori ane mukurumbira wechiJapan munyika kuhwina mubairo rimwe zuva.

Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o

Mumakore achangopfuura, mumwe wevanyori vaidzokorodza mumadziva eNobel Prize muMabhuku anga ari Thiong'o, munyori wekuKenya kwakatangira uyo akadzivirira tsika dzevanhu vechiKikuyu, hunyanzvi hwayo hwekuita, mutauro wayo uye zvinyorwa mukutarisana nekudzvinyirirwa kwemasimba ekoloni. Munyori wemabasa ayo atove chikamu chenhoroondo yemazuva ano eAfrica senge Tsanga yegorosi kana rondedzero yakakurudzirwa Dzora pfungwa, munyori uyu akadzingwa kubva kumusha kwake anofanirwa kuzohwina mubairo nekuda kwekushanda kwake nesimba semurevereri uye izwi renyika yevatema. Zvikonzero zvacho hazvisati zvazivikanwa.

Jorge Luis Borges

Kana paine munyori wechiLatin America uyo akafanirwa neNobel, aive Jorge Luis Borges. Muiti we chirevo chingazoshandura zvachose nzira dzezvinyorwa zvezana ramakumi maviriBorges airidza semunhu akamirira makumi maviri emakore asati afa muna 1986 asina kumbokunda. Muchokwadi, gore zita rake rakarira zvakanyanya raive 1976, kunyange musangano wake naPinochet uyo waSeptember 22 wakashanda kumurasa zvachose. Chimwezve chikonzero chekufunga kuti, sezvakaitika nemunyori weThe Aleph, vamwe vanyori havana kumbowana mubairo nekuda kwezvikonzero zvematongerwo enyika.

Virginia Woolf

Nhengo yesarudzo yakasarudzwa yeLondon yezvinyorwa zvema20 uye mumwe wevakadzi avo yakabatsira kubatanidzwa kwechikadzi Munzvimbo dzakasiyana nzanga, Virginia Woolf aifanira kupaza panguva iyo machismo akapinda zvese. Muchokwadi, kutadza kwemukadzi kunyora munyika inotongwa nevanhurume ndiyo yaive dingindira guru re rondedzero yake inozivikanwa Kamuri raKe Chake, basa raizove rakawanikwazve muma 70s panguva yekufamba kwechikadzi. Munyori wemabasa anozivikanwa se Mai Dalloway kana KuLighthouse, Woolf akapfuurwa neChikoro panguva iyo nyika yaitaridzika kunge isina kugadzirira kupa mugove wechikadzi

Franz Kafka

Munyori wemavambo echiJuda mumwe wa anonyanya kukurudzira mune zana ramakore rechiXNUMX mabhuku nekugadzira nyaya dzisina kujairika, dzakabviswa zvachose kubva pane zvakafungidzirwa kusvika zvino. Munyori we enganonyorwa The Trial, The Castle, The Missing uye inozivikanwa MetamorphosisKafka haana kumbohwina mubairo weNobel weMabhuku, sekutaura kwenyanzvi, yechiratidzo chekunyora icho iyo Academy yakanga isati yagadzirira. Nekudaro, nguva yakaratidza munyori ane pesvedzero pane ino yemajoni uye yemanyorerwo mabasa ari anogona kubata.

Leo Tolstoy

Vanodaro panguva kupemberera kweKutanga Mubayiro weNobel muMabhuku muna 1901, weRussia Leon Tolstoy airidza semunhu mukuru mumiriri kuhwina mubairo. Nekudaro, izvi zvakazopedzisira zvawira kune nyanduri wechiFrench Sully Prudhome. Makore gare gare, mushure mekuburitswa kwebhuku nemudzidzi weSweden Kjell Espmarkse akatsanangura zvikonzero zvakakonzera mubairo uyu, zvakanzwika kuti iyo Academy yakaramba kumupa mubairo uyu, tichifunga nezvebasa rake se "kupesana netsika" zvakare sezvinopesana netsika. Chechi neHurumende. Kurambwa uko munyori we Hondo nerunyararo Akauya kuzotenda, achiti "akasarudza kusagamuchira mari yaive izere nehuipi."

James joyce

Sekureva kwaGabriel García Márquez, James Joyce aive munyori ane mukurumbira wezana ramakore rechiXNUMX nezvikonzero zvakawanda. Asi chikuru kwaive kugona kwake chinja yechinyakare saHomer's Odyssey kusvika 1910s Dublin ichipa inoverengeka inokwezva uye pamwe inodarikawo nguva yayo. Naizvozvo, sezvakataurwa nemudzidzi ataurwa pamusoro apa Kjell Espmark, "iyo Academy yakanga isina kugadzirira iyi mhando nyowani yemabhuku, ichivimba zvakanyanya netsamba dzechivanhu." Mentor wechizvarwa icho chichiri kupemberera ane mukurumbira bloomsday Ose June 16, Joyce mumwe weakakanganwa zvikuru nekomiti yeNobel Prize.

Julio Cortazar

Kunze kwechiitiko chaicho chinonzi "Latin American boom" inofungidzirwa muma60s, Julio Cortázar aive munyori akachinja maitiro nemaitiro ekutaura nyaya. Semuenzaniso, basa rake rinoramba riripo Rayuela, yaive dambudziko kune vaverengi venguva yake (nanhasi). Panguva iyoyo, munyori akabvunzwa kana aida kuhwina mubairo weNobel weZvinyorwa, uko Cortázar akapindura achiti "Hongu, ndinoda kuitora kuti ndiushandise sechombo chezvematongerwo enyika kurwisa avo vanyori veLatin America vakazvitengesa kuhukasha . " Izvo zvikonzero nei asina kumbokunda Nobel hazvisi pachena, asi isu tinofunga kuti iyo Academy haina kumbovafarira vanyori havana kuita zvematongerwo enyika saCortázar.

Iwe unofunga kuti vanyori ava vasina kuhwina mubairo weNobel muMabhuku vakakodzera kupihwa mubairo uyu? Ndeupi vamwe vanyori vaungasanganisira?