vadetembi vane mukurumbira

Sappho weMytilene (650/610 BC - 580 BC) aive, mune zvese zvingangoita, mudetembi ane mukurumbira wekare. Kubva panguva iyoyo, vamwe vadetembi vakakurumbira havana kunzwika kusvika muzana remakore rechigumi nemasere. "Kusavapo" kwakadaro kunopindura, hongu, kune tsika dzetsika izvo zvakabvumira kuomesera kwekuiswa kwevarume mumabhuku uye hunyanzvi. Chokwadika, zvimwe chetezvo zvakaitika munharaunda dzinenge dzose dzebudiriro yokuMadokero (zvematongerwo enyika, chitendero, sainzi)...

Zvechokwadi, zvakanyorwa pamusoro apa hazvirevi kuti kwakanga kusina zvisikwa zvenhetembo zvisingakanganwiki zvakaitwa nevakadzi munguva iyoyo, kungoti "hapana chinyorwa". Nekudaro, hazvirambidzwe kuti zvakawanikwa mune izvi zvinogona kuitika chero nguva. Zvisinei, mundima dzinotevera tichataura muchidimbu -mukutevedzana kwenguva- kuhupenyu nebasa revamwe vadetembi vechikadzi vanonyanya kuzivikanwa kusvika nhasi. Mubatanidzwa wekuti, kunyangwe ukatadza, unoratidza huwandu hwevadetembi vane tarenda vakamaka nekuisa mwero padanho renhetembo repasi rose.

mapiyona

Sappho yeMytilene

Uyewo anozivikanwa saSappho weLesbos, Anosvika 650 nziyo dzenziyo dzinoperekedzwa nenziyo dzinonzi ndedzemudetembi wechiGreek. Zvisinei, vanyori vezvakaitika kare vanofunga kuti akanga ari musiki akawandisa, sezvo (zvichida) akabudisa nhetembo dzinopfuura 10.000 XNUMX. Pakati pavo, inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeye Nziyo kuna Aphrodite.

Muzvinyorwa zvake, Sappho anotora maonero emunhu chaiye, kusiyana neakafanomutangira epic detemba ane kufemerwa kunobva “kunobva kuna Mwari”. Zvakare, Nekuda kwemadingindira ake anowanzoitika, anoonekwa semuenzaniso wemukadzi anozvimiririra pabonde. Muchokwadi, izwi rekuti ngochani rinobva kuchitsuwa cheLesbos, kwaaigara kwehupenyu hwake hwese.

Phillis Wheatley

Musi waChikunguru 11, 1761, musikana ane makore manomwe akaunzwa muPhillis kuti atengeswe muuranda muBoston Harbor, Massachusetts. Ipapo John Wheatley, mutengesi akapfuma, akatengera mudzimai wake. Gare gare, musungwa wechidiki akatanga kunyora nhetembo aine makore gumi nematatu; Zvinyorwa zvake zvakabuda mumapepanhau akasiyana-siyana emuno neekuBritain.

Muna 1773 akava mukadzi wekutanga weAfrica-America kubudiswa nekubatanidzwa kwenhetembo itsva.. Basa iroro rakarumbidzwa nevakakurumbira venguva yake vakadai saGeorge Washington kana Benjamin Franklin. Kunyange zvazvo Wheatley akawana rusununguko rwake, akafa muurombo musi waDecember 5, 1784; aingova nemakore 31 chete. Heano mamwe enhetembo dzake dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa:

• PaKuunzwa Kubva kuAfrica Kuendeswa kuAmerica (1773);
• PaKunaka (1773);
• Kuna Changamire General Washington (1775).

Elizabeth Barrett Kupa

Elizabeth Barrett (Durham, England, Kurume 6, 1806 - Roma, Italy, Chikumi 29, 1861) Akatanga kunyora nhetembo aine makore matanhatu. Iyi precocity yakasimbiswa nekupedzisa The Hondo ye Marathon: Nhetembo (1820) aine makore gumi nemaviri. Saizvozvovo, maBritish akave munyori mudiki kupedzisa wongororo yezvinyorwa zvekutenda Chinyorwa Papfungwa, Nedzimwe Nhetembo (1826).

Kutevera kuroora kwake kumunyori Robert Browning muna 1844, akanetsana nababa vake uye akamanikidzwa kutamira kuFlorence, Italy. Panguva ino, munyori weDunelmian anga atove mudetembi anozivikanwa weVictorian, aine ibhuku rakapesvedzera vamwe vanyori vasingafi vakadai saEdgar Allan Poe kana Emily Dickinson. Pakati pemabasa ake anozivikanwa zvikuru ndeaya:

• Kuchema Kwevana (1842)
• Ndinokuda sei? (1950)
• aurora leigh (1856).

Emily dickinson

Akazvarwa musi waDecember 10, 1830 muAmherst, Massachusetts. Nyanzvi zhinji dzedzidzo dzinoti ndiye mukadzi akakosha munhoroondo yenhetembo kutaura chirungu. Kunyangwe tarenda rake rakakura richizivikanwa muhupenyu, akatungamira hupenyu hwakati tsvikiti uye hushamwari hwake hwakawanda hwaive netsamba.

Basa rake guru—rine nhetembo dzinopfuura 1800 XNUMX—rinozivikanwa nhasi se "nhetembo yeparadox" nekuda kwekushandiswa kwayo kwakasiyana kwechimiro uye syntax. Chero zvazvingava, nhaka yemudetembi weAmerica ane zita rake Belle weAmherst yakave nepesvedzero isingarambike pamabhuku eAnglo-Saxon. Dickinson akafira mutaundi rokumusha kwake aine makore 55, musi waMay 15, 1886.

Dzimwe nhetembo dzake dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa:

• Nokuti Ndaisagona Kumira Nokuda Kwerufu (1890);
• Tariro ndicho Chinhu chine minhenga (1891);
• handisi munhu! Quien eres? (1891).

Christina Rossetti

Vatsoropodzi veChirungu ve1850s vakauya kuzotsanangura Christina Rossetti (Zvita 5, 1830 - Zvita 29, 1894) se. mudetembi akanyanya kukosha wenguva yake. Pakati pezvinyorwa zvake zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndezvi A Bhavhdhe (1861), yeuka (1862) uye Goblin Market (1862).

Rosalia de Castro

Maria Rosalia Rita de Castro (Kukadzi 23, 1837 - Chikunguru 15, 1885) Inoonekwa seimwe yeminhenga yakakosha ye Kudzokorora ChiGalician. Saizvozvo, pamwe chete naGustavo Adolfo Bécquer, mudetembi wekuSpain uye munyori wemabhuku akadzika munhoroondo seanotungamira nhetembo dzemazuva ano muSpain. Ese nharo dzataurwa pano dzinonyatsojeka mumabasa anotevera:

• Nziyo dzeGalician (1863);
• Iwe unobata novas (1880);
• Pamabhangi eSar (1884).

Sarojini Naidu

Akazvarwa muna Kukadzi 13, 1879, muHyderabad, India. Pakutanga baba vake vaida kuti adzidze masayenzi echisikigo kana masvomhu, asi, kubva paudiki akamira kunze kwenhetembo yake ine chekuita nevana, zvisikwa, rudo uye rufu. Atova muzera rekukura, nziyo dzaNaidu dzakananga pakuda nyika.

Kuita kwake zvematongerwo enyika kwakamuita kuti ave mukadzi wekutanga kutungamira Indian National Congress. Padanho rekunyora, akatara nguva yake nemafungiro ake pamusoro perunako rusingaori. Akafa musi waKurume 2, 1949. Pakati pezvaakasika zvakakurumbira, buda pachena Varedzi veCoromandel, Mumisika yeHyderabad y vanotakura palanquin.

Gabriela Mistral

Akabhabhatidzwa saLucila Godoy Alcayaga (Kubvumbi 7, 1889 - Ndira 10, 1957), mudetembi wekuChile, mumiriri uye purofesa aive mukadzi wekutanga weIbero-America kugamuchira Mubairo weNobel weLiterature.. Zvakare - pakati pezvishongedzo zvake zvakawanda-, aive "honoris causa" chiremba kubva kuOakland's Mills College, University of Guatemala uye University of Chile.

Mabasa ake anozivikanwa:

• Dongo (1922);
• notes (1938);
• Hunyoro (1942).

Alfonsina Storni

Kunyange zvazvo akaberekerwa muSwitzerland musi waMay 29, 1892. Nhaka Yedutu Icho chikamu cheArgentine modernist mabhuku. Muzvinyorwa zvake aisvika padingindira revanhukadzi neabstract, reflective nuance uye kushaya eroticism.. Saizvozvowo, mazwi ake anoratidza hurwere hwepanyama uye mamiriro epfungwa izvo zvakamubata kwenguva yakareba uye zvakaita kuti azviuraye muna Gumiguru 25, 1938.

Zvimwe zvezvisikwa zvake zvinozivikanwa zvikuru:

• Languor (1920);
• Nhetembo Dzerudo (1926);
• Nyika yematsime manomwe (1934).

Joan weIbarbourou

Nyanduri weUruguayan anoonekwa seimwe yeanomiririra zvinyoreso zveLatin America nhetembo muhafu yekutanga yezana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Kwete pasina, Ibarbourou (Kurume 8, 1892 - Chikunguru 15, 1979) akagamuchira mutsauko we "Juana de América" ​​muna 1929.. Nziyo dzake dzinorumbidza rudo, humai, runako rwemuviri uye hunhu. Pakati pezvinyorwa zvake zvinozivikanwa ndezvi:

• wild root (1922);
• Kumuka kwemhepo (1930);
• Zumbido (1950).

Vadetembi vechikadzi vane mukurumbira vakazvarwa muzana remakore rechiXNUMX uye mabasa avo anozivikanwa zvikuru

Anaïs Nin

Anais Nin; (Neuilly-sur-Seine, France, Kukadzi 21, 1903 - Los Angeles, Ndira 14, 1977). Zvinyorwa zvake zvinoratidza simba guru rekufamba kwe surrealist uye kudzidza kwe psychoanalysis., pamwe chete nokutaura kwakasiyana-siyana kwokunzwa kwomunhukadzi kwakasvika pakurondedzerwa senarcissistic. Basa rake renziyo rainyanya kuzivikanwa raiva Delta yeVenus: Erotica (1977).

Maya Angelou

Maya Angelou (Kubvumbi 4, 1928 - Chivabvu 28, 2014) aive mudetembi akagwinya akabatana nekurwira kodzero dzevanhu muUnited States. zvakafanana, Mubasa rake renhetembo akaongorora madingindira ane chekuita nehukadzi, rudo, kurasikirwa, mimhanzi, rusarura uye rusaruraganda. Pazasi pane ake anozivikanwa nhetembo kuunganidzwa:

• Zvakadaro ini simuka (1978);
• Phenomenal Mukadzi (1978);
• Pakurova kweMangwanani (1993).

Sylvia Plath

Munyori akaberekerwa muBoston, Massachusetts, muna Gumiguru 27, 1932 Akanga ari piyona mune inonzi "confessional poetry". Rudzi urwu rwemataurirwo enziyo runoratidzwa nekutarisisa kune yega chikamu, ndiko kuti, kuravira, zviitiko, psyche uye traumas. Ichi chekupedzisira chakaita kuti atambure nekushungurudzika kwehupenyu hwake hwose uye, pakupedzisira, kuzviuraya (Kukadzi 11, 1963).

Pakati pemabasa ake anozivikanwa zvikuru ndeaya:

• Daddy (1965);
• Tulips (1965);
• girazi (1971).

Rupee kaur

Mudetembi akaberekerwa muPunjab, India, pana Gumiguru 4, 1992—akaitwa kuti ave muCanada— Anogona kunge ari muimbi wemazuva ano ane mukurumbira wakanyanya pamasocial network nhasi. Muunganidzwa wake wekutanga wenhetembo, Mukaka neHuchi (2017) yakatengesa anopfuura mamirioni maviri makopi uye yakaramba iri pane yakanyanya kutengesa runyorwa rwe New York Times kwemavhiki makumi matanhatu nemasere.

Pakati penhetembo dzake dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeidzi:

• Kune ani nani anonzwa kurambwa (2014);
• Kune vane shungu (2014);
• Iva nemvura (2014).

Vamwe vadetembi vakadzi vakakurumbira vakazvarwa muzana remakore rechiXNUMX uye mabasa avo anozivikanwa zvikuru

• Margaret Yourcenar; Belgium (Chikumi 8, 1903 - Zvita 17, 1987)
  • The coup de grace (1939);
  • Ndangariro dzaHadrian (1951);
  • L'oeuvre kana noir (1968).
• Josephine weTower; Spain (Gunyana 25, 1907 - Chikunguru 12, 2002)
  • Mavhesi uye akadhinda (1927);
  • chitsuwa nhetembo (1930);
  • isina kukwana March (1933).
• Kubwinya Kwakasimba; Spain (Chikunguru 28, 1917 - Mbudzi 27, 1998)
  • kangaroo yezvose (1968);
  • Ingwe nhatu dzine gorosi (1979);
  • mavhesi akakangwa (1994).
• Elise Cowen; United States (Chikunguru 31, 1933 - Kukadzi 27, 1962). Zvizhinji zvekunyora kwake zvakapiswa nevabereki vake nekuda kwekugara achitaura nezveungochani uye kushandisa zvinodhaka. Mazhinji ebasa rake rakagadziriswa naToni Trigilio mukati Elise Cowen: Nhetembo uye Zvimedu (2012).
• Mary Oliver; United States (Gunyana 10, 1935 - Ndira 17, 2019)
  • American chinyakare (1983);
  • imba yeChiedza (1990);
  • White Pine: Nhetembo uye Prose Nhetembo (1994).
• Alejandra Pizarnik; Argentina (Kubvumbi 29, 1936 - Gunyana 25, 1972)
  

  Mutsara naAlejandra Pizarnik

  • Diana muti (1962);
  • mabasa neusiku (1965);
  • Kuwanda kweropa (1971).
• Gioconda Belli; Nicaragua (Zvita 9, 1948 -)
  • Mutsara wemoto (1972);
  • Kutinhira nemiraraungu (1982);
  • mukadzi ane hasha (2020).
• Magaly Salazar; Sanabria; Venezuela (Nyamavhuvhu 31, 1940 -)

• • kutsva (1992);
  • Imba yoMurindi (1993);
  • kupikisa miviri (2006).