Nyaya yaMhandara
Nyaya yaMhandara inoverengeka nemunyori weCanada Margaret Atwood. Yakabudiswa mukudonha kwa1985 munyika yekwake uye kubvira ipapo yakaratidza kubudirira kukuru, nemamiriyoni emakopi akatengeswa. Vanoda dystopias vanofunga kuti iri zita renyaya reiyo genre, sezvo iri nyaya inonakidza ine chakavanzika chinotyisa.
Iri basa rerondedzero inongedzo yepasirese; zvakakonzera kukanganisa kukuru nemusoro wenyaya wayo uye nenzira yakashata iyo yairatidza kusarura vakadzi. Imhaka yeizvozvo Yakagadziriswa pane akati wandei, zvese zvemufirimu, terevhizheni uye theatre; pane kunyange vhezheni yeopera. Mumiriri wayo mumhando dzakateedzana unomira-wakaburitswa naHulu uye nyeredzi Elisabeth Moss--, mwaka wayo wechitatu urikushambadzirwa.
Nyaya yaMhandara (1985)
Iyo dystopian futuristic uye sainzi fungidziro yenhau, yakaratidzwa mugore ra2195 yakagara muRepublic yeGiriyedhi, yakaumbwa mushure mekurwisa hurumende yeUS. Ikoko, hudzvanyiriri hwakasimba hunorarama, hwakavakirwa paTestamente Yekare yeBhaibheri. Mune iri basa zvinoratidzwa kugarisana kwevanhu uye kusarura kwakasimba kuvakadzi.
Nhoroondo inorondedzerwa mumunhu wekutanga naOfreduyo anorondedzera hupenyu hwake nhasi uye anoyeuka zvikamu kubva munguva yake yakapfuura pamberi pechikoro cheGiriyedhi. Iye, sevakadzi vese, akapihwa basa rekuzadzikisa basa chairo, mune yake nyaya iye ndeweboka re vasikana vacho.
Zvizhinji zvezvinhu zvebasa
Hurumende inoparadzanisa vakadzi
Sechiyero chekudzvinyirira nekutonga kwevakadzi, hutongi hutsva hunofunga kuvapatsanura zvinoenderana nebasa ravanofanira kuve naro munharaunda iyoyo. Kusiyanisa mabasa aya, rimwe nerimwe remapoka matanhatu akasimbiswa anosiyaniswa neruvara rwehembe dzavo.
Varandakadzi —Sezvakapihwa— vanopfeka dzvukuBasa rayo kuunza vana vevatungamiriri munyika. Pane rimwe divi, madzimai Vakadzi vane dzinza repamusoro uye vanopfeka zvipfeko zvebhuruu mukufanana neMhandara Maria. Ivo, kunyangwe vachinakidzwa nehupenyu hwakanyarara uye hwakanaka, Ivo vanovimba nevasikana kuti vaone vana vavo.
Avo vakatumidzwa "Vatete" vanotarisa zvipfeko zvebhuruuIvo vanotarisira vasikana vebasa uye vari mukutarisira kwekuona kuti vatevera zvirevo, vachikwanisa kuvaranga kana zvisiri. Kune rimwezve grey-girini boka rakanzi "marthas", avo, nekuda kwezera ravo, havakwanisi kubereka; rake basa nderekubika nekutsvagira mhuri dzemachinda.
Pakupedzisira, ivo vari ivo "econowives", vanoshandisa nguvo ine mitsetse uye ndivo vakadzi varombo vakadzi vevanhu. Vachafanirwa kuita zvese zvavanogona. Vakasara vevakadzi vacho vanoonekwa se "vasiri vakadzi", avo, nekuda kwerima ravo rekare, vanotambudzwa nekuendeswa senhapwa vakananga kumuganhu kusvikira vafa.
Kumiririrwa kwevarume
Varume vacho, kwavari, ndevaya vanotora kuraira muhutongi hwehudzvanyiriri. Vaya vanomhanyisa hutongi vakanyorwa se "Vatungamiriri", uye vanofanira kupfeka nguvo nhema. Naivowo Ngirozi ", uyo shumira gireadhi.
Vachengeti ", uyezve, ndiwo avo vari pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwevatungamiriri. Uye pakupedzisira, "Maziso aMwari" Ndivanaani vanotarisa kuvasingatendi kuchengetedza kurongeka kwakatemwa.
Zvinyorwa
Mune ramangwana nguva, kuurayiwa kwe chaiyeiye Mutungamiri weUnited States akatsamwisa coup. Hurumende inodzvinyirira inoiswa, uye nyika inonzi as "Republic of Giriyedhi". Munguva iyoyo, mwero wekubereka wevakadzi wakadzikira zvakanyanya, nekuda kwekukuvara kunokonzerwa nekusviba. Izvi zvakakonzera kodzero dzevakadzi kushanduka zvakanyanya.
Yakapihwa mukadzi wechidiki rarama semusikana waMajor Fred Waterford nemukadzi wake Serena Joy, uyo asina mbereko. Ella, sekurairwa nebasa rayo, iri mukati memhuri kuunza nyika kumatangwe emuchato. Mushure mekuyedza kushoma kwekubata pamuviri, Offred anoenda kunovhenekwa. Ipapo anodzidza kuti mudzi wedambudziko uri muna Fred.
Nekuda kwemamiriro ezvinhu, chiremba anorapa anoita chikumbiro chakaoma kuna Offred, chaasina kubvuma. In consecuense, Serena iye amene anomumanikidza kuti ave nehukama nemugadheni wemhuri, zvese kuitira kuti ndiwane mwanakomana iyeye wandaida zvakanyanya. Hukama uhu hunobudirira uye hunoita kuti hupenyu hwaOffred nemutungamiriri huome zvakanyanya. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvichaitika kudzamara zvese zvadzokera pane zvakajairwa.
Nezve munyori
Nyanduri uye munyori Margaret Atwood akazvarwa kekutanga muOttawa, Canada, neMugovera, Mbudzi 18, 1939. Iye ndiye mwanasikana wezvemhuka wezvemhuka Carl Edmund Atwood uye nyanzvi yezvokudya Margaret Dorothy William. Yakawanda yehudiki hwake yakashandiswa pakati pekuchamhembe kweQuebec, Ottawa, neToronto, achikurudzirwa nebasa rababa vake senge entomologist yesango.
Semwana mudiki, Margaret iye aifarira kuverenga; iye amene akareurura kakawanda verenga ese marudzi ese ezvinyorwa zvemhando. Akange achikwanisa kunakidzwa nezvakavanzika zvinyorwa, enyambo, yesainzi, pamwe nemabhuku enhoroondo yeCanada Pakupedzisira, imwe neimwe yadzo yaibatsira kwazvo mukudzidziswa kwake semunyori.
Studies
Zvidzidzo zvake zvechipiri zvaive kuLeaside High School muToronto. Muna 1957, akapinda Victoria yunivhesiti; ipapo, makore mashanu gare gare, akawana degree reBachelor muChirungu Philology, nezvimwe zvidzidzo muFrench nePhilosophy. Gore rimwe chetero, akapinda muHarvard University kuRaddiffe College kune dhigirii repashure nekuda kweWoodrow Wilson Research Fellowship..
Hupenyu hwega
Munyori ave nemichato miviri, yekutanga muna 1968 naJim Polk, waakarambana naye kwapera makore mashanu. Nguva mushure, akaroora nemunyori wenhau Graeme Gibson. Muna 1976, semhedzisiro yemubatanidzwa uyu, vaive nemwanasikana, wavakabhabhatidza sa: Eleanor Jess Atwood Gibson. Kubva panguva iyoyo kusvika parizvino mhuri inogara pakati peToronto nePelee Island, Ontario.
Zvinyorwa zvemitambo
Atwood akatanga kunyora aine makore gumi nematanhatu chete. Iyo haina chaiyo murume kana murume hunhu hwako; yakapa zvinyorwa, zvinyorwa, nhetembo uye kunyange zvinyorwa zveterevhizheni. Saizvozvo, iye anotariswa nevazhinji manyoro echikadzi, nekuti mamwe emabasa ake akabudirira kwazvo akavakirwa pane iwo musoro.
Saizvozvo, Akaita basa pamisoro dzakasiyana siyana dzine chekuita nenyika yake, senge: Kuzivikanwa kweCanada, mamori ayo uye zvemamiriro ekunze. Saizvozvo, iye akanyora nezvehukama hwenyika yakati nedzimwe nyika. Pakati pemabasa ake anogona kuverengerwa: 18 enganonyorwa, makumi maviri enhetembo mabhuku, gumi zvinyorwa uye pfupi nyaya, 20 mabhuku evana uye akasiyana zvinyorwa, librettos, eBooks uye audiobooks.
Zvimwe zvinoshanda
Munyori wenhau, kuwedzera kune zvinyorwa, akazvipira kune mamwe mabasa, pakati pazvo basa rake semupurofesa weyunivhesiti rinomira. Atwood akadzidzisa padzimba dzekudzidza dzakakurumbira muCanada neUnited States. Ivo vanogona kutaurwa: Yunivhesiti yeBritish Columbia (1965), University of New York uye University of Alberta (1969-1979).
Saizvozvowo, the literata muratidziri wezvematongerwo enyika weCanada. Muchikamu ichi, akarwira zvikonzero zvakasiyana siyana, zvakadai se: kodzero Dzevanhu, rusununguko rwekutaura uye zvikonzero zvezvakatipoteredza. Iri basa rakaoma rakaitwa zvese munyika yake nepasi rese.
Parizvino, ndeye Amnesty International (muviri wekodzero dzevanhu) uye chikamu chikuru che ShiriLife Nyika Dzepasi Pose (kudzivirira shiri).