Chii chiri midziyo yekunyora

Midziyo yekunyora kana zvidavado zvekutaura zvinodaidzwa kuti nzira dzisiri dzemazuva ose dzekushandisa mutauro. Iwo anowanzo shandiswa nevanyori mumabhuku avo ekunyora kuti avape hunyanzvi uye / kana runako. Tiri kutaura nezvekushandisa zvisina kujairika munzira yekuvaka mitsara, ine fonitiki, semantic kana yegiramatical peculiarities.

Mifananidzo yekutaura, mavari, inogadzira uye nzira dzakasiyana dzekunyora uye / kana kuratidza pfungwa. Zvinozivikanwa zviri nyore nekuti kubudikidza nazvo kushandiswa kwakajairika kwemutauro kunoshandurwa. Muchokwadi, vanyori vanovashandisa kuganhura maitiro avo, dhigirii ravo panguva yekuita basa ravo (concepto.de, 2022).

Izvi ndizvo zvimwe zvezvishandiso zvemabhuku zvinonyanya kushandiswa

Semantic lexical resources

Kuenzanisa kana kuenzanisa:

dhirowa kuenzanisa pakati pepfungwa mbiri kubva pamubatanidzwa wezvivakamutauro we kufanana kwakajeka.

Muenzaniso:

• "Ane mbwende sembeva."

Dimikira:

Chishandiso chekunyora ichi rinoratidza chinhu chaicho nechimwe icho chakafanana nacho rhetorical:

Muenzaniso:

• "Bvudzi rake regoridhe nemiromo yekotoni."

Hyperbole:

Icho chiri pamusoro kutaura kwekuwedzeredza kunoda kuita kuti pfungwa ionekwe:

Muenzaniso:

• "Nemhino yakakura kudaro uchabvisa ziso remunhu."

Metonymy:

Rinoda kufanana nedimikira. Zvinosanganisira kuchinjanisa zita rechimwe chinhu kune chimwe chinhu chakafanana. Kuti inoshandiswa sei zvinoenderana nekubatana kwayo. Inowanzo shandiswa zvakanyanya mumutauro wecolloquial. Iyi mimwe mienzaniso:

• Container nezviri mukati: "Unoda girazi rewaini tsvuku here?";
• Chiridzwa nemuimbi: "Vakaita Mozart kubva usiku kusvika mambakwedza";
• Concrete yeabstract (kana zvinopesana): “Ane ruoko rwakaipa somusoro wakashata”;
• Nzvimbo nechinhu chaanogadzira: "Nezuro ndaive nechiteshi, chakanakisa";
• Munhu nechinhu chaanogadzira: “Ndakatenga Da Vinci nezviuru zvemadhora. Ndofunga ndakabatwa chibharo."

Epithet:

Icho chinhu icho rinowedzera kana kudonhedza hunhu hwezita rarinoperekedza pasina kuchinja hunhu hwayo.

Muenzaniso:

• "Mwoto unopfuta wezuva rakajeka."

Hyperbaton:

Ichi chinyorwa chekutaura chinowanzoshandiswa muchirevo chedetembo. Ndezvekuchinjanisa syntax yemutsara kusimbisa pfungwa.

Mienzaniso:

• "Tinotenda Mwari nokutibudisa mumatambudziko";

• “Mvura dzakasviba dzichadzoka

matendere avo kuti aturike pamhanza yako” (Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer).

Image:

Uyu wekunyora mufananidzo inotsvaka kugadzira mifananidzo mupfungwa kana zviratidzo kuburikidza nemashoko. Zvinoitirwa kuti muverengi afungidzire chaizvo zvauri kuda kutaura.

Mienzaniso:

• “Ndiri bhuku rakazaruka”;
• "Anodzivirira mhuri yake sembwa ine hasha."

Kubvunzurudza kana rhetorical mubvunzo:

Ichi chinyorwa chinofarirwa zvikuru. Uyu mubvunzo usingatarisire kupindurwa.

Mienzaniso:

• "Kangani kandinofanira kukuudza kuti uite basa rako rechikoro?";
• Dambudziko iri kusvika riniko Ishe?

Irony:

Rinoshandiswa kuburitsa pfungwa inoda kunongedzera kuchirevo chakapesana.

Mienzaniso:

• “Ndinoda kubata kwako nguva! (anouya mushure)";
• "Bhazi randisiya futi! Asi ndaita rombo rakanaka!"

litote:

Iko kutaura kunorambwa nezvinorehwa kuti zvisimbiswe.

Muenzaniso:

• “Haufanire kunge uri kure (kwava pedyo)”;

• “Kurota kusingabviri,

Ndinoda zuva rakachena, rinofara, rakasununguka;

Handidi kuona kufinyamisa kumeso

zvisina maturo kwazvo

avo ropa rinokwidziridza kana mari”.

(Fray Luis de Leon, wake Ode I)

Antithesis:

batanidza pfungwa mbiri dzakapesana pasina kupikisana navo kuitira kusimbisa imwe pfungwa.

Mienzaniso:

• "Rudo ipfupi uye kukanganwa kurefu kwazvo" (Pablo Neruda);
• "Nhanho diki imwe kumurume, asi imwe nhanho huru kune vanhu" (Neil Armstrong).

Apostrophe:

Ndezvekukanganisa nhaurirano, rondedzero kana kutaura nenzira ine utsinye, kuitira kudaidza chimiro chomunhu, chingave chekufungidzira kana chaicho.

Muenzaniso:

“Haiwa makore matema anosiririsa

unofamba nesimba sei, ndibvise mukusuwa uku

mundiise kwakadzika

kubva kugungwa kuenda kwaunoenda!”

(Gil Vicente, Ruben's Comedy).

Synesthesia:

Literary souvenir iyo pfungwa dzenyama dzinobatana kuti dziumbe chirevo.

Mienzaniso:

• “Mashoko enyu anotapira akafadza mwoyo wangu”;
• "Kukanganwa uku kunovava, sezvo hupenyu hwemutorwa hunovava."

Midziyo yemanyorerwo emafoni

Kudzokorora:

Kuvakwa kwechirevo umo kudzokororwa kwezwi rimwe chete rinoshandiswa nenzira yakafanorongwa. Inowanikwa muzvirahwe, rhymes uye matinji endimi.

Muenzaniso:

• "Ingwe nhatu dzakasuruvara dzinomedza gorosi mumunda wegorosi" (yakakurumbira rurimi twister)".

Onomatopoeia:

Mazwi ane mafonetiki akafanana nezvaanomiririra. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumutauro wecolloquial.

Muenzaniso:

• "Tick-tock yewachi yaive nenguva neshinda-woof yembwa."

paranomasia:

zvinoenderana ne kushandiswa kwemazwi akafanana ane zvirevo zvakasiyana mukati memutsara mumwechete. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya munhetembo, nhetembo uye zvirevo zvakakurumbira.

Muenzaniso:

• "Hedgehog iridescent, bristles, curls nekuseka" (Octavio Paz).

morphosyntactic kana zvivakamutauro zvinyorwa

Polysyndeton:

Kudzokorora kushandiswa kwezvibatanidzi zvinopa simba guru kumutsara.

Muenzaniso:

• "Mangwanani akapfava uye matsva uye anotapira uye anowirirana echirimo, kunyange ari kure, aikwanisa kuonekwa achiuya uye achipfuura nepakati pemiti yakasvibira yeakatendeka uye inodziya uye miti yakawanda yebindu."

Epanadiplosis:

Ndezvekudzokorora izwi rimwe chete kana akati wandei kwekutanga uye kumagumo ekuumbwa kwechirevo.

Muenzaniso:

• "Kunyarara kwehusiku, kunyarara kunorwadza / husiku ... (Rubén Darío, Nocturne).

Epiphora:

Inoshanda zvakafanana neyakapfuura. Musiyano ndewekuti inogadzirwa kudzokororwa kweshoko rimwe kana akawanda chete panoperera mutsara.

Muenzaniso:

• "Kudya kwemanheru kwakagadzirirwa nevose vanodya, vakaputirwa nevose vanodya, uye vakatsoropodzwa nevose vanodya."

Derivation:

Chishandiso chekunyora rinosikwa kubva mukutorwa kwemazwi ane mudzi mumwe chete (unir.net, 2022).

Muenzaniso:

• "Mangwanani-ngwanani akamuka mangwanani" (Miguel Hernández).

Concatenation:

Inosanganisira kudzokorora shoko rimwe kana akawanda anobuda panoperera mutsara kuibatanidza kunotangira mutsara unotevera.

Muenzaniso:

"Uye sezvinowanzotaura katsi mushure mechinguva,

mbeva patambo,

tambo kudanda,

muredhi akapa Sancho,

Sancho kumusikana,

musikana kwaari,

muchengeti weimba yevaeni kumusikana"

(Miguel de Cervantes).

Anadiplosis:

Ichi rhetorical device ndezvekutanga mutsara nemazwi mamwechete anopera nawo mutsara wapfuura (Wikipedia, 2022).

Muenzaniso:

“Mweya waBlancaflor;

maronda anoyangarara murwizi;

murwizi rworudo

(Oscar Hahn, muzana remakore rechiXNUMX).

Anaphora:

Kudzokororwa kweshoko rimwe chete kana akawanda pakutanga kwemutsara kana vhesi. Inowanzoshandiswa mukutaura, uye ine chinangwa chokusimbisa chinhu chatotaurwa.

Muenzaniso:

"Kune kutsvoda kwakanyarara, kutsvoda kwakanaka

kune enigmatic kutsvoda, kwechokwadi

Kune kutsvoda kunopihwa nemweya chete

pane kutsvoda kunorambidzwa, chokwadi”.

(Gabriela Mistral)

Zvimwe zvezvinyorwa zviripo ndezvinotevera

• Prosthesis;
• Syncopation;
• Contraction;
• Metathesis;
• Ablaut;
• Parallelism;
• Ellipse;
• synchisis;
• Paraphrase;
• epiphoneme;
• Paradox;
• Oxymoron;
• Etopeia;
• Chronography;
• Paralipsis.