Ndima ndiyo mitsara yese yemavara inoumba chinyorwa chinonzwisisika, icho chinowanzova chikamu chehombe, uye icho dzimwe nguva chinoita kuti dikita rakawanda kuvanyori. Asi kunyatsojeka uye tekinoroji, el Duramazwi reRoyal Spanish Academy rinotsanangura ndima se "chidimbu chechinyorwa cheprose chakagadzirwa neseti yemitsara inoteedzana uye inoratidzirwa nekumira kwakazara pamagumo ekupedzisira".
Zvakakosha kucherechedza ipapo kuti ndima inonyorwa nembiri (nekupesana, nhetembo inoumbwa nezvidavado nemitsetse) uye ine poindi inopedzisa pfungwa yechinyorwa ichocho. Asi pamusoro peaya maitiro ekutanga, ndima inofanira kuva nezvimwe zvinobatsira kuitsanangura.
Hunhu hwendima
- Ganhuro chikamu chakazvimiririra, asi kazhinji chikamu chezvinyorwa zvakakura.. Kureva kuti, ine chirevo chakakwana uye chinozvimiririra, asi, panguva imwe chete, iyo zvakare iri pabasa remaitiro uye dingindira rechimiro chakakura. Chinangwa chayo ndechekupa zvinoreva uye rhythm kune pfungwa yepasi rose. Nechikonzero ichi, ndima dzese dzechinyorwa dzichava nehurefu hwakafanana pakati padzo.
- Pachikoro vakatidzidzisa kunyora rugwaro uye, saka, kuti rizadze yendima yainyatsotsanangura kukosha kwekutanga uye kugumisa imwe neimwe. Ganhuro haimborebe kana kupfupika kupfuura zvayaifanira kuita. Kutaura zvazviri, mablogiki anotevera mitemo yakasiyana-siyana yekunyora pane mamwe marudzi ezvinyorwa (nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuverengwa kwewebhu).
- Ndokusaka kune marudzi akasiyana endima, akawanda semhando dzezvinyorwa. Ndima dzebhurogu yepamhepo dzinotevera zvimiro uye kunyanya zvimiro zvakasiyana neizvo zvezvimwe zvinyorwa. Chinyorwa chinogona kuva chetsanangudzo, nharo, nhau, zvinyorwa, rondedzero, zvesainzi... Chero zvazvingava, ndima magwaro epurozi anogara achitevera mutsara wechinyorwa chaanobva.
- Saizvozvowo, nyora dzemutauro chinhu chinokosha mundima. Kushandiswa kwakarurama kwezviratidzo zvenyora ndicho chinhu chikuru pakuona kuti ndima yakanyorwa nemazvo here: komama, ellipses, semicolons, makudo uye mibvunzo yemubvunzo, maparentheses, makotesheni uye mahyphens. Asi kunyanya pfungwa.
- Pfungwa yacho uye yakatevera kazhinji mitsetse yakavharwa uye kubatsira ndima kuti isave nemitsara yakawanda uye yakareba. Zvichida ndosaka pfungwa yacho nekutevedzwa iine basa rinokosha mundima. Kumira kwakazara kunopedzisa ndima kuti ienderere mberi neinotevera. Uye magumo anopedzisa chinyorwa.
- Kubatana, kubatana uye kugadzirisa. Ndiwo maitiro echinyorwa; naizvozvo, varipowo mundima. Aya maitiro anobatsira kutaurirana kuti, pakupedzisira, ndizvo zvinotarisirwa nemhando dzese dzemavara. Kubatana kunochengetedza zvinoreva chinyorwa (kureba kwakakodzera, ruzivo rwunopihwa rwakakodzera nguva uye rwakarongwa zvakanaka). Kubatana kune chekuita nechikamu chegirama, kunyanya nesyntax (mitsara yakanyatsorongeka uye yakabatana kune mumwe nemumwe). Kukwana kunovimbisa kuti chinyorwa ndicho zvakakwana yemamiriro ekutaurirana (inopindirana nemamiriro ezvinhu uye chinangwa chekukurukurirana).
Muenzaniso uye kuongorora. nyaya pfupi
Finalmente Chinangwa chendima ndechekugadzira pfungwa yese yechinyorwa. iyo nguva zhinji inozviisa pasi payo. Kana chiri chinyorwa chakazvimirira chose, chinozviita nenzira imwe chete, ndiko kuti, chinopa ruzivo (zvichienderana nerudzi rwechinyorwa chiri kutaurwa) chakanyatsorongedzerwa nemavara ekunyora akakodzera uye nemitsara yehurefu hwakakodzera, nguva dzose. akatendeka kumaitiro uye kune musoro. Uye pakupedzisira, ndima inofanira kugara yakabatana, ichinyatsoenderana uye ichienderana nechirevo chayo nechinangwa.
Zvichida ichi ndicho chikonzero nei zvakaoma kuongorora ndima iri yoga kubva kune dzimwe dzose dzinoumba rugwaro. Uye kunyangwe tingadai takazviita, pano tinosiya semuenzaniso iyo inokunda nyaya pfupi ye Micro-story uye Photography Contest "Kunyemwerera kure" 2021, yakakurudzirwa neMadrid Municipal Transport Company (EMT). Nyaya pfupi inonzi miromo uye munyori wayo ovheni dzegungwa.
Nyaya inoiswa mukati meiyo Covid-19 denda apo nzendo dzekutakura veruzhinji dzakaitwa nemasks. uye vafambi vaigona kuona zvose kunze kwemhino uye boca (zvakanaka, ichi chimwe chinhu chatichiri nacho kuSpain).
Mumwe musikana anorondedzera mumunhu wokutanga vatakurwi vanomuperekedza parwendo rwake rwebhazi ndokuvazivisa namazita emiromo aasingazivi, asi anoturikira kupfurikidza nechitarisiko chomuviri kana kuti mufambiro wavanhu. Mutambi mukuru (nguva chaiyo uye nzvimbo yakajeka, iyo EMT bhazi) Anopedzisira atora muromo wake uye anoita sarudzo.
Mar Hornos anogadzirisa nyaya yake ane acidity uye poindi yekusagadzikana inofambisa iyo diki-nyaya. Ndima imwe chete ndicho chinyorwa chose. Nehungwaru anosarudza hunhu mumutsara wega wega, mushure menguva uye kutevedzwa, nguva nekuteverwa. Mushure mekubata vatambi nemabhurasho mapfupi etsumo nezvirevo, mutambi wemutauri anoona zvaanofanira kuita zvinotevera. Iyo pachayo yekupedzisira.