Husiku hweArabia ibhuku renyaya dzekumabvazuva dzine madingindira akakurumbira. Iko kuunganidzwa kwengano dzechinyakare kubva kuNear East dzakave dziri pasi peshanduro dzakawanda, uye dzakave nerubatsiro rwavo kuMadokero.
Iri bhuku rinobva kuEast medieval tsika uye nyaya dzaro dzine dzidziso dzakakosha uye dzinoda kuziva. Humwe hunhu hwayo hwakatanhamara inzira yadzinorondedzerwa nayo.: shandisa nyaya yakarongeka. Nyaya dzake dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeidzi: "Aladdin nemwenje unoshamisa", "Ali Baba nembavha makumi mana" uye "Sinbad the Sailor".
Bhuku reusiku chiuru nehwumwe
Husiku hweArabia inounganidza nyaya dzakasiyana-siyana dzine nhamba yakawedzera nemazana emakore. Vakatanga nevashoma uye pari zvino vava kupfuura chiuru. Kureva kuti, Ivo vaida kupa kukosha kwekufananidzira kune idzi nyaya uye nekudaro dzinoita kuti dzitaridzike nekuda kwezvakasiyana zvemukati. kuti vaigona kupa. Zvishoma nezvishoma dzimwe nyaya dzakawedzerwa.
Vakasimuka muPersia munguva yeMiddle Ages. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti nyaya dzekutanga dzakabva muzana ramakore regumi uye vanyori vakasiyana-siyana vane siginicha isingazivikanwe vakabatana pavari.. Muchokwadi, kunyangwe iwo ainyanya kunyorwa muchiFarsi nechiArabic, uye ari chikamu chezvinyorwa zvepasi rose, kufunga kwavo ndekwenyaya pfupi, yakabatana zvakanyanya nekutaura. Ndokusaka dzimwe nyaya dzichigona kuchinjwa kana kuti chinyorwa chimwe chete chisina kuchengetwa kune chimwe nechimwe chazvo. Vashanduri vakanyanya kukosha vane basa reshanduro dzeSpanish ndiJuan Vernet naRafael C. Asséns.
Nyaya idzi dzinogona kuva nehunhu hunotyisa, hunotyisa, uye kazhinji husingafadzi. Zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti zvakare ine meseji yemuenzaniso maererano nemamiriro ezvinhu kana inorumbidza humwe kukosha kana kunyevera nezvehuipi. Kunyangwe pazviitiko zvakawanda mhinduro kana mhedzisiro isiri iyo yakanyanya kunaka kana yakanyanya pamutemo.
Kusiyana kwayo uye kuita kwakasiyana-siyana kwakaunza kune dzakasiyana shanduro uye kugadzirisa., mavakatora chikamu kubva kukambani ye Disney (Aladdin, 1992) kune vanyori vakadai saPier Paolo Pasolini (Husiku hweArabia, 1973).
Iyo yakarongeka nyaya uye Scheherazade uye Shahriar
Manyorerwo erondedzero anoda kuziva. Inoshandawo sechikonzero chekusimudzira nekubatanidza nyaya. Icho chinhu chikuru chemanyepo kana kuti rondedzero, iyo inoshanda sehwaro uye iyo inounganidza dzimwe dzenyaya.. Tiri kutaura nezvenyaya yakarongwa iyo ine nyaya huru umo dzimwe dzakabatanidzwa.
Iyi nyaya huru ndeye Scheherazade naSultan Shahriar. Akanga asingavimbi nemukadzi chero upi zvake mushure mokunge atambudzwa nemudzimai wake, saka sechirango kana nzira yekusunungura kushungurudzika kwake, aipedza usiku hwose nemusikana waakarayira kuti auraye zuva raitevera. Scheherazade yakamudzivirira kuti asamuuraya nekuvimbisa nyaya dzainakidza. Aimuudza manheru ega ega achimuvimbisa kuti raitevera racho raitove nani pane rakapfuura.. Ndiyo nzira iyo Scheherazade akaita kuti sultan amude uye arege pfungwa yake yekumuuraya. Chokwadi, nyaya dzaanomuudza ndidzo dzinoumba bhuku Husiku hweArabia.
Nyaya dzinonyanya kufarirwa
Aladdin uye mwenje unoshamisa
Iyo yekutanga nyaya inofanirwa kuwanikwa muChina, zvisinei, isu tese tinoziva iyo nyaya yakadzikwa mune yechiArab. Zvakakosha kucherechedza, naizvozvo, kuedza kuunza fungidziro yeArab muchikamu chakanaka chenyaya dziri mubhuku. Uyezve, nyaya yeAladdin, yakafanana neyo "Sinbad the Sailor", inoratidzika kunge yakawedzerwa nechinangwa, kunyange zvazvo isina hukama hwakananga nedzimwe nyaya dzinoumba Husiku hweArabia. Panyaya yeAladdin, aive mumiriri wekumabvazuva Antoine Galland uyo akawedzera kune mamwe. Akanga ari mushanduri wokutanga webhuku racho rokuMadokero.
"Aladdin uye Mwenje Unoshamisa" inotaura nyaya yen'anga ine vavariro dzakaipa uye mbavha inosiririsa. Mumwe akura uye anoedza kunyengedza mudiki, anozivikanwa saAladdin, kuti amubatsire kuwana chinhu chaanochiva: mwenje unoshamisa une dzimba dzemukati mejini inoda kuzadzisa zvishuwo zveanomudaidza. Zvisinei, Aladdin anokwanisa kutiza kubva kun'anga uye anochengeta mwenje. Nenzira iyi anozvikomberedza nepfuma uye anoroora mwanasikana wamambo.
Ali baba nembavha makumi mana
Antoine Galland anoitawo seari shure kwekuwedzerwa kwenyaya iyi Husiku hweArabia; zvisinei, hapana kubvumirana pane izvi. "Ali baba nembavha makumi mana" inofumura kuti munhu angashatiswa sei nemamiriro ezvinhu aaifanira kurarama.
Ali Baba mutemi wehuni akavimbika uye anozvininipisa anorarama nekutengesa huni dzaanounganidza nebasa rake. Pane imwe nguva, ari musango, anoona bako rakavanzika umo mbavha makumi mana dzinochengeta hupfumi hwadzo. Ndezve bako remashiripiti rinokwanisa kuvhura nekuvhara nekuraira kwemazwi "Vhura, Sesame" uye "Vhara, Sesame", zvichiteerana. Mbavha dzinoona kuti mumwe munhu anoziva chakavanzika chavo uye ari kuba chikamu chepfuma yavo, uye vanoenda kunotsvaga Ali Baba. Zvisinei, anoponeswa nomurandakadzi wake, anouraya vapambi vana makumi mana. Ali Baba vanomutenda nekuda kwekuvimbika kwake nekumubvumira kuroora mwanakomana wake.
Sinbad the Sailor
Anorondedzera mafambiro eSinbad Mufambisi wechikepe achiyambuka Indian Ocean. Nyaya idzi dzakakamurwa kuita nzendo nomwe dzemugungwa dzakaitwa neuyu munhu wekunyepedzera uyo kurudziro yake inowanikwa muzviitiko zvinosangana nevafambisi vegungwa iroro. Kunyangwe iwo mafambiro arikuyeuchidzawo mamwe mabasa ezvinyorwa zvepasi rose, seaya akanyorwa naHomer mubhuku rake. Odyssey. Ngano iyi yakaisirwa pamwe nedzimwe nyaya gare gare uye inosimbisa kuwedzera kwayo, uchapupu hwokuti kuvapo kwaro kungasava nemhaka yebhuku ra usiku churu nehumwe mupfungwa yakasimba.
Sheherazade uye Shahriar
Sezvambotaurwa kare, Scheherazade akakwanisa kunonoka nekudzivirira kufa kwake nekuda kwenyaya dzaaiudza Sultan Shahriar husiku hwese.. Ndiye murondedzeri Husiku hweArabia uye, zvisinei nekuti chinangwa chaShahriar chekutanga chaive chekumugura musoro, Scheherazade akakwanisa kumunyengerera nenyaya dzake nengano.
Scheherazade ainge afunga kuti ndiye aizopedza shungu dzekutsividza dzainge dzapinda nasultan mushure mekunge anyengwa nemukadzi wake wekutanga. Uye akakwanisa kwete chete kurarama, asiwo kuhwina nyasha uye rudo Sultan. Akanga adanana naye mushure mehusiku hwakawanda hwekutarisira uye nyaya dzinonakidza.. Vose vakanga vaita vana vakati wandei uye sultan akaona kuti haaigona kumuuraya. Akaitwa nekutsiva kwake uye Scheherazade akange awana chinangwa chake chekushatirisa Shahriar.
Dzimwe nyaya kubva kuThe Thousand and One Nights
- Nhoroondo yemukadzi akabvarurwa, yemaapuro matatu uye yemurume mutema.
- Murume wechidiki akaremara ane mugeri weBaghdad.
- Sauab nhema, ngomwa yekutanga yeSudan.
- Nyaya dzinonakidza dzemhuka neshiri.
- Zviitiko zvemudetembi Abu-Nowas.
- Prodigious nhoroondo yeGuta reBronze.
- Nyaya yejaya rakanaka rakasuwa.
- Nyaya yemunhu akasvinura.
- Nyaya yejaya simbe.
- Nyaya yaKamar uye nyanzvi Halima.
- Nyaya yaPrincess Nurennahar uye iyo yakanaka gennia.
- Princess Suleika.
- Bhuku remashiripiti.
- Mwanakomana wamambo ane Kamba hombe.
- Nhoroondo yegungwa rakasimuka uye musikana wechiChinese.