Anthony Gala
Antonio Gala aive mutambi wechiSpanish, munyori wenhau, munyori wenhau uye mudetembi. Muhupenyu - uye kunyangwe mushure mekufa kwake - anozivikanwa nekuve mwanakomana aidiwa weAndalusia, nharaunda yaaida zvikuru. Muhupenyu hwake hwose akakudziridza marudzi ose ezvinyorwa aibvira, anosanganisira: nhetembo, novel, rondedzero, terevhizheni, opera uye nyaya. Akaitawo basa rekunyora nhau nezvinyorwa zvinonetsa zve El Mundo y Nyika.
Semunyori, Gala aifarira rudo rwakawanda kubva kuvaverengi vake kupfuura kubva kuvatsoropodzi., sezvo vekupedzisira vasina kumboziva nzira yekuisa mumapoka ezvinyorwa zvemunyori. Uyezve, Antonio akazviwana akabatanidzwa mumakakatanwa akati wandei ekupopotera, mumakoramu ake, achipesana nevemazuva ano uye venhoroondo, avo vaakaita chiseko chesardonic kuratidza maonero ake.
Biography
Anthony Gala Akabhabhatidzwa nezita raAntonio Ángel Custodio Sergio Alejandro María de los Dolores Mambokadzi weVatendi Vechitendero cheUtatu Hutsvene uye Vatsvene Vose. Kuberekwa kwake kwakaitika muBrazatortas, Ciudad Real, asi aigara achinzwa sokuti aibva kuCórdoba. Munyori wacho anoti pana October 2, 1930, zuva rokuberekwa kwake, muprista akamubhapatidza aida kumutumidza kuti Martín Gala. Zvisinei, amai vake vakaramba, nokuti zita iroro rakanga risingatarisirwi zvakanaka muSpain.
Apo Gala aiva nemakore mapfumbamwe, mhuri yake yakatamira kuCórdoba, Andalusia. Ndiko kwaakatanga kunyora mabasa ake okutanga. Kuve muverengi wekutanga uye munyori, aine makore gumi nemana akapa hurukuro kuRoyal Circle yeHushamwari, yeguta Artic uye Literary Lyceum. Kubva achiri mudiki akaverenga vanyori vakaita saGarcilaso, San Juan de la Cruz naRainer Maria Rilke, achivandudza manyorerwo ake enziyo dzenhoroondo.
Saizvozvo, Antonio Gala akapinda dzidzo yepamusoro soro kare. Pazera ramakore gumi namashanu akatanga kudzidza Law paYunivhesiti yeSeville. Kune rimwe divi, akapinda muYunivhesiti yeMadrid kuti adzidze Zvematongerwo enyika uye Economic Sayenzi, pamwe nePhilosofi uye Tsamba. Gala akapedza kudzidza kubva kune imwe neimwe yezvigaro izvi. Pasinei neizvi, akasiya Corps of State Lawyers, uyewo akasiya vaCarthusians.
Gare gare, akatamira kuPortugal, uko akaramba achirarama upenyu hworudo. Kana riri rebasa, akasarudza kudzidzisa Philosophy uye Art History makirasi. Muna 1963, Antonio Gala akakwanisa kuzvipira zvizere kunyora, mushure mekuhwina mubairo wechipiri paAdonáis Prize. Uyu mubairo waakapihwa nekuda kwekuunganidza kwake nhetembo muvengi wepedyo.
Gore risati rasvika ikoko akava nomukana wokugara muFlorence, Italy. Uko, Akabatira pamwe nemagazini yevhiki nevhiki Hispano-American Zvinyorwa, kwaakakwanisa kutsikisa dzimwe nhetembo kubva munhoroondo yake Kuzvidzwa. Semutori wenhau, akaburitsa muunganidzwa wezvinyorwa muEl País, basa raakaita kubva 1976 kusvika 1998. Akatanga semunyori wenovhero mukutanga kwemakumi mapfumbamwe, aine. Chikara chitsvuku.
Iro rekupedzisira ibhuku renhau, iro rakafuridzirwa naBoabdil, uyo akanga ari mambo wokupedzisira weNazpoearí weGranada. Ndatenda kwaari, Antonio Gala akagamuchira 1990 Planeta Prize. Kubva ipapo, akanyora mamwe mabhuku akati wandei, asi ainyanya kushinga mukugadzira mitambo nemakoramu ezvinyorwa zvakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, rimwe remabasa ake raisanganisira kunyora pfungwa zvidimbu zve El Mundo kubva 1992 kusvika 2015.
Sezvo aifarira zveunyanzvi netsika sezvaaive, Antonio Gala aive nechiroto: kugadzira nzvimbo yevanyori, kwaaigona kutsigira, kudzidzisa uye kunyange kupa mabhezari kune idzi pfungwa dzekusika kuitira kuti vave vagadziri vemabasa emangwana. Saka, Muna 2002, iyo Antonio Gala Foundation yeVadiki Vasiki yakazvarwa..
Pane chokwadi chinonakidza nezve iyi imba yetsika: motto yako ivhesi re Rwiyo rwekuimba. MuLatin, verenga zvinotevera: Ndiise signaculum super cor tuum, iro, muchiSpanish, rinoshandura se“Ndiise sechisimbiso pamwoyo wako".
Inoshanda naAntonio Gala
Theater
- Iyo Green Minda yeEdheni (1963):
- Hozhwa mugirazi (1964);
- Zuva musvosve (1966);
- Mbudzi uye Huswa Hudiki (1967);
- Vakakurura mbatya vokuSpain (1970);
- The Good Morning Lost (1972);
- Rombo rakanaka, shasha! (1973);
- Mhete dzeMudzimai (1973);
- Mazeze akarembera pamiti (1974);
- Unomhanyirei, Ulysses? (1975);
- Petra ane chipo (1980);
- Mukadzi Akwegura weParadhiso (1980);
- The Shiri Cemetery (1982);
- Rusununguko Trilogy (1983);
- Samarkand (1985);
- The Little Hotel (1985);
- Seneca kana kubatsirwa kwekusahadzika (1987);
- Carmen, Carmen (1988);
- Christopher Columbus (1989);
- The Trickster (1992);
- The Beautiful Sleepers (1994);
- Cafe Singing (1997);
- Maapuro eChishanu (1999);
- Inés unbuttoned (2003).
Rondedzero
- The Crimson Manuscript (1990);
- The Turkish Passion (1993);
- Granada yeNasrids (1994);
- Beyond the Garden (1995);
- Mutemo wevatatu (1996);
- The Late Heart (1998);
- Kunze kwaMwari (1999);
- Iye zvino Ndichataura Nezvangu (2000);
- Kukanganwa kusingabviri (2001);
- Vaenzi vari mubindu (2002);
- Muridzi weronda (2003);
- Iyo pedestal yemifananidzo (2007);
- Mapepa emvura (2008).
Nhetembo
- Muvengi Wepedyo (1959);
- The Mistime (1962);
- Kufungisisa muChaeronea (1965);
- 11 soneti kubva kuZubia (1981);
- Testamente yeAndalusian (1985);
- Cordoba nhetembo (1994);
- Nhetembo dzerudo (1997);
- Nhetembo yaTobías desangelado (2005).
zvinyorwa zveterevhizheni
- …Uye pakupedzisira, tariro (1967);
- Kuimba kweSantiago kune vose (1971);
- Kana Matombo Aigona Kutaura (1972);
- Nzvimbo ine nhamba (1976);
- Manheru gumi nematatu (1999).
Zvinyorwa
- Chinyorwa uye chikonzero (1977);
- Hurukuro naTroylo (1981);
- In Own Hand (1985);
- Zvinyorwa zveMukadzi weAutumn (1985);
- Yakatsaurirwa kuna Tobias (1988);
- The Sound Solitude (1989);
- Uta uye kumbundira (1993);
- Kuna Who Goes With Me (1994);
- Tsamba kuvadyi venhaka (1995);
- Embrasures (1996);
- Imba yakanyarara (1998).
Mabhuku anozivikanwa zvikuru naAntonio Gala
Minda yakasvibira yeEdheni (1963)
Iwo mutambo uyo inotaura nyaya yaJuan, mudzungairi anosvika mutaundi duku achitsvaka guva rasekuru vake. Sezvo achidavira kuti iyi ndiyo nzvimbo bedzi yaanogara, murume wacho anoshandura mwari wacho kuva “musha” wake mutsva, nokudaro achikurira zviremera.
Munguva yezororo, Juan anokoka vamwe vanhu vasina pekugara kuti vapedze nguva nekupembera pamwe chete, asi mapurisa anovawana osunga protagonist.
Mbudzi nehuswa hushoma (1967)
tamba izvozvo inotaura nyaya yaDiego, aimbova musoja weSpain Civil War uyo, mushure mekupera kwehondo, anogara ari oga kwemakore makumi maviri nemanomwe. Kambani yake chete ndiPaula, mumwe wake, uye amai vemukadzi uyu vanopenga.
Rimwe zuva, Paula anopa Diego transistor, panguva imwe chete Murume wacho anoona kuti murayiro wekuregererwa wakatenderwa, saka anogona kusiya nzvimbo yake yokupotera. Nekudaro, paminiti yekupedzisira, Diego anorega pane iyi pfungwa, uye Paula anorasikirwa nepfungwa dzake.